مد‌ل‌‌سازي و آناليز عملكرد صاعقه‌گير دکل‌هاي مخابراتي به منظور هماهنگي سيستم حفاظت با شرايط محيطي
الموضوعات :
مصطفي يحيي‌آبادي
1
(دانشگاه صنعتي مالک اشتر اصفهان)
عليرضا صدوقي
2
(دانشگاه صنعتي مالک اشتر اصفهان)
الکلمات المفتاحية: دکل مخابراتي آنتن روش بارهاي فرضي صاعقه‌گير ليدر بالارونده,
ملخص المقالة :
در اين مقاله عوامل مختلفي که مي‌توانند بر عملکرد حفاظتي دکل‌هاي مخابراتي در برابر صاعقه مؤثر باشند مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است. از جمله اين عوامل مي‌توان به محل نصب دکل از نظر شيب زمين، پستي و بلندي‌هاي اطراف و قرارگيري روي تپه و بلندي يا نزديک و دوربودن از ساختمان‌ها و درختان بلند اشاره نمود. شرايط آب و هوايي مانند بارندگي و رطوبت نيز از طريق تغيير ولتاژ شکست الکتريکي هوا عملکرد حفاظتي صاعقه‌گير را تحت تأثير قرار مي‌دهد. در اينجا از يک مدل آناليز عددي مبتني بر تئوري بارهاي فرضي براي به دست آوردن احتمال فرار صاعقه از صاعقه‌گير و برخورد مستقيم آن به آنتن استفاده شده است. بدين منظور ليدر پايين‌رونده صاعقه، دکل مخابراتي، آنتن، صاعقه‌گير و ليدرهاي بالارونده از اجسام روي زمين به صورت سه‌بعدي و با در نظر گرفتن اثر زمين شبيه‌سازي شده‌اند. به ازاي تمام فضاي بالاي دکل مخابراتي و هر جريان صاعقه، مسير انتشار صاعقه به صورت گام به گام دنبال شده تا محل برخورد نهايي مشخص شود. بدين ترتيب محدوده صاعقه‌هاي برخوردکننده به آنتن و عملکرد سيستم حفاظتي تعيين شده است. اين پروسه در شرايط مختلف تکرار شده و در هر مورد نتايج حاصل، بررسي و تحليل شده‌اند.
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