مدیریت مبتنی بر شواهد: پلی بر شکاف علم مدیریت و عمل مدیر
الموضوعات :
امین پژوهش جهرمی
1
(دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر)
الکلمات المفتاحية: شواهد, طبقه‌بندی شواهد, عملکرد مبتنی بر شواهد, مدیریت مبتنی بر شواهد, مدل ,
ملخص المقالة :
نگرانی مشترکی بین صاحب‌نظران مدیریت وجود دارد که پژوهش‌های این حوزه نتوانسته بر کنش‌ها و اقدامات مدیریتی به طور موثر تاثیرگذار باشد. منشا این نگرانی آن است که اتکای استدلال‌های تصمیم‌گیری در سازمان بر تجربه و شهود شخصی مدیر و یا نظرسنجی شورای مدیریت سازمانی، تضمین‌کننده تحقق اهداف سازمان نخواهد بود. مدیریت مبتنی بر شواهد به عنوان راه‌حل این مشکل، عبارت است از ترکیب بهترین شواهد حاصل از نظریات، دستاوردهای پژوهشی و تحقیقات حوزه مدیریت به منظور اتخاذ بهترین تصمیمات در حوزه سازمانی. ادبیات موضوعی در این باره در طی دهه اخیر افزایش قابل توجهی داشته، اما در داخل کشور توجهی بدان نشده است، چنان‌که به سختی می‌توان به مقاله‌ای فارسی در این باره دست یافت. هدف این یادداشت معرفی مدیریت مبتنی بر شواهد و ارائه راهکاری است تا مدیریت‌ها بیش‌از پیش نتیجه‌محور و مبتنی بر شواهد باشند. این تحقیق از نظر هدف، کاربردی، از نظر نوع، کیفی و با توجه نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها، کتابخانه‌ای (مطالعات ثانویه از نوع فراترکیب) و مبتنی بر مطالعه منابع اطلاعاتی برخط است. مقاله با پذیرش این فرض که کمبود آگاهی مدیران از رویکرد مبتنی بر شواهد موجب شده این مفهوم کمتر مورد توجه قرار گیرد، با بررسی ادبیات موضوعی درباره شاهد و طبقه‌بندی شواهد، و هم‌چنین مدیریت مبتنی بر شواهد، مدلی پنج مرحله‌ای (چه چیزی نیاز است بدانیم؟؛ پیدا کردن شواهد؛ دست‌یابی به بینشی که مورد نیاز است؛ ارتباط‌دادن پیام؛ و تصمیم‌گیری مبتنی بر شواهد درست) ارائه می‌دهد.
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