محاسبه زمان نشست و SR تقویتکنندههای عملیاتی دوطبقه CMOS با جبرانسازی کسکود
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوترحنانه غلام نتاج 1 , حبیب اله آدرنگ 2 , سیدصالح محسنی 3 , سیدصالح قریشی 4
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور
3 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور
4 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور
کلید واژه: زمان نشست, نرخ چرخش, اسلویینگ, جبرانسازی کسکود, تقویتکننده عملیاتی و پاسخ پله,
چکیده مقاله :
زمان نشست و نرخ چرخش، یکی از پارامترهای مهم در آپامپهای فیدبکدار است. در این مقاله زمان نشست و نرخ چرخش در تقویتکننده دوطبقه تمام تفاضلی CMOS با جبرانسازی کسکود مورد تحلیل قرار میگیرد. ویژگی تحلیل ارائهشده آن است که رفتار ترانزیستورها پس از اعمال پله در ورودی به طور دقیقتر مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد و نشان داده میشود که زمان نشست و همچنین نرخ چرخش به اندازه پله ورودی وابستگی دارد. تحلیل انجامشده میتواند برای طراحی و محاسبات دستی در مدارهای مجتمع مفید واقع شود. همچنین جهت بررسی اعتبار و دقت تحلیل ارائهشده، شبیهسازیهای مختلفی انجام شده که تطابق عالی بین مدل تحلیلی ارائهشده و نتایج شبیهسازی را نشان میدهد.
Slew rate and settling time are the important parameters in opamps with feedback. In this paper, the slew rate and settling time of the fully differential two stages folded cascade architecture amplifier with cascade compensation is analyzed. An important characteristic of the proposed analytical model is that the behavior of the transistors is examined in detail after applying the step in the input, and it is shown that the settling time as well as slew rate would depend on the size of the input step. The performed analysis can be beneficial for design and manual calculations in integrated circuits. Moreover, circuit level simulation is used to validate the analytical results with particular emphasis on slew rate and settling time. Simulations results show excellent conformance between the analytical equations and the simulation results.
[1] F. Wang and R. Harjani, "An improved model for the slewing behavior of opamps," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems II, vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 679-681, Oct. 1995.
[2] M. Yavari, N. Maghari, and O. Shoaei, "An accurate analysis of slew rate for two-stage CMOS opamps," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems II, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 164-167, Mar. 2005.
[3] H. Rezaee-Dehsorkh, N. Ravanshad, R. Lotfi, and K. Mafinezhad, "Modified model for settling behavior of operational amplifiers in nanoscale CMOS," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems II, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 384-388, May 2009.
[4] D. G. Nairn, "Cascode loads and amplifier settling behavior," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 44-51, May/Jan. 2012.
[5] Z. Yan, P. Mak, M. Law, R. Martins, and F. Maloberti, "Nested-current-mirror rail-to-rail-output single-stage amplifier with enhancements of DC gain, GBW and slew rate," IEEE J. of Solid State Circuits, vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 2353-2366, Oct. 2015.
[6] S. Seth and B. Murmann, "Settling time and noise optimization of a three-stage operational transconductance amplifier," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 1168-1174, May 2013.
[7] G. Giustolisi and G. Palumbo, "Three-stage dynamic-biased CMOS amplifier with a robust optimization of the settling time," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 2641-2651, Nov. 2015.
[8] G. Giustolisi and G. Palumbo, "Design of three-stage OTA based on settling-time requirements including large and small signal behavior," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 998-1011, Mar. 2021.
[9] M. Liu, D. Li, and Z. Zhu, "A dual-supply two-stage CMOS op-amp for high-speed pipeline ADCs application," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems II, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 650-654, Apr. 2020.
[10] A. Paul, J. Ramirez-Angulo, A. J. Lopez-Martin, R. G. Carvajal, and J. M. Rocha-Perez, "Pseudo-three-stage miller op-amp with enhanced small-signal and large-signal performance," IEEE Trans. on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 2246-2259, Oct. 2019.
[11] C. Chanapromma and J. Mahattanakul, "Improved design procedure for two-stage CMOS op-amp employing current buffer," in Proc. IEEE 17th Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, pp. 384-387, Phuket, Thailand, 24-27 Jun. 2020.
[12] A. Gupta and S. Singh, "Design of two stage CMOS op-amp with high slew rate and high gain in 180 nm," in Proc. IEEE 2nd Int. Conf. on I-SMAC, pp. 341-345, Palladam, India, 30-31 Aug.. 2018.
[13] C. Chanapromma and J. Mahattanakul, "Redesign procedure for two-stage CMOS op-amp with least error of frequency response and phase margin," in Proc. IEEE 17th Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, pp. 717-720, Phuket, Thailand, 24-27 Jun. 2020.
[14] R. Lotfi, M. Taherzadeh-Sani, M. Yaser Azizi, and O. Shoaei, "Low-power design techniques for low-voltage fast-settling operational amplifiers in switched-capacitor applications," Integration, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 175-189, Nov. 2003.
[15] T. C. Carusone, D. A. Johns, and K. W. Martin, Analog Integrated Circuit Design, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2012.