بررسی دیدگاه دانش آموزان مقطع ابتدایی درباره معرفت شناسی شخصی: یک مطالعه کیفی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیزهرا تنها 1 , پروین کدیور 2 , محمدحسین عبداللهی 3 , جعفر حسنی 4
1 - دانشگاه خوارزمی
2 - دانشگاه خوارزمی
3 - دانشگاه خوارزمی
4 - دانشگاه خوارزمی
کلید واژه: معرفت شناسی شخصی, گروه کانونی, فرهنگ,
چکیده مقاله :
مطالعة باور دانش آموزان دربارة ماهیت دانش و دانستن به عنوان یکی از سازه های مؤثر در یادگیری در سال های اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل تشکیل دهندة معرفت شناسی شخصی در بین دانش آموزان دورة ابتدایی با تأکید بر روش کیفی از نوع گروه های کانونی انجام شد. بدین منظور، 72 کودک در سنین 12-7 سال به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند از مدارس شهر تهران انتخاب و در گروه های 6 نفری مورد مصاحبة نیمه ساختار یافته قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که معرفت شناسی شخصی شامل مؤلفه های سادگی دانش، قطعیت دانش، منبع دانش و توجیه پذیری دانستن می شود. بنابراین، عوامل فرهنگی با رویکرد اسلامی حاکم بر ساختار مدارس دیدگاه های دانش آموزان را تحت تأثیر قرار داده است و عوامل اکتشافی با ساختار عاملی فرهنگ غربی متفاوت بوده است.
Recent study in of students’ beliefs about nature of knowledge and knowing as one of the effective constructs in learning have been considered. The present study with the aim of identity constituent elements of personal epistemology with an emphasis on qualitative methods that focus groups was performed. Hence, sample of 72 children aged 7-12 years with purposeful sampling strates were selected from schools in Tehran and were interviewed in groups of 6 persons. Results indicated that personal epistemology consisted of simple knowledge, certain knowledge, source of knowledge and justification of knowing. Hence, cultural factors with Islamic approach governing on the structure of schools has affected student’s views and exploratory factor structure of western culture was different.
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