آسایش گاو شیری، ضرورت اولیه حفظ سلامت (ایجاد کننده لنگش یا حاصل کنترل لنگش)
محورهای موضوعی :ریحانه سنگتراش 1 , شبناز مختارنظیف 2 , انسیه سجادیان جاغرق 3
1 - گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
2 - گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
3 - گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: گاو, اسکور مفصل خرگوشی, اسکور مفصل زانو, لنگش, شاخصهای آسایش گاو,
چکیده مقاله :
در چند دهه اخیر نگرانیهای زیادی در مورد کیفیت زندگی گاوهای شیری به وجود آماده است. آسایش گاو با توجه به افزایش تعداد مزارع پرورش گاوهای شیری در سال های اخیر موضوع مهمی شده است. علاقه روز افرزون به رفاه حیوانات سیاستمداران را بر آن داشته تا قوانینی برای بهبود رفاه در حیوانات مزرعه وضع کنند. مهمترین نگرانی در مورد آسایش گاوهای شیری این است که آیا گاو احساس و عملکرد خوبی دارد و رفتار طبیعی را انجام میدهد. رفتار و میزان آسایش رابطه مستقیمی با میزان تولید و سلامت گاو دارد. آسایش در گاو یکی از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر سودآوری مزارع لبنی به دلیل ارتباط آن با کشتار پیش از بلوغ، ماندگاری گاوها و عمر تولیدی (تعداد شیردهیهای کامل گاو قبل از کشتار) آنها است. در این مقاله تلاش شده است تا پس از توضیح مفاهیم آسایش در گاو شیری عوامل متعدد مرتبط با آن از جمله جایگاه، بستر، تراکم، لنگش و استرس گرمایی و ... مورد بررسی قرارگرفته و نحوه ارزیابی آسایش با استفاده از شاخصهای آن توضیح داده شود. همچنین شاخصها و مولفههایی که به درجاتی در تعیین وضعیت بستر و کیفیت ساخت استالها و سایر مبادی مدیریتی که مربوط به آسایش گاو هستند در این مقاله مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفته است.
As the number of large-scale dairy farms increase dairy cow welfare has become a hot topic in recent years. This growing interest in animal welfare has motivated legislators to set new rules. The most important concerns regarding dairy cow welfare include whether the dairy cow is feeling well, functioning well, and performing natural behavior. Cow behavior and comfort level have a direct relationship with her production and health and cow comfort is one of the most important factors affecting the profitability of dairy farms due to its association with premature slaughter, survival of cows and reproductive life (number of complete lactations before slaughter). In this paper, we explained the concept of comfort in dairy cattle and its risk factors such as stall design, floor type, density, lameness and heat stress. Then the measures of cow comfort are introduced and the management considerations related to cattle comfort are discussed.
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