آسایش گاو شیری، ضرورت اولیه حفظ سلامت (ایجاد کننده لنگش یا حاصل کنترل لنگش)
الموضوعات :
ریحانه سنگتراش
1
(گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران)
شبناز مختارنظیف
2
(گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران)
انسیه سجادیان جاغرق
3
(گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: گاو, اسکور مفصل خرگوشی, اسکور مفصل زانو, لنگش, شاخصهای آسایش گاو,
ملخص المقالة :
در چند دهه اخیر نگرانیهای زیادی در مورد کیفیت زندگی گاوهای شیری به وجود آماده است. آسایش گاو با توجه به افزایش تعداد مزارع پرورش گاوهای شیری در سال های اخیر موضوع مهمی شده است. علاقه روز افرزون به رفاه حیوانات سیاستمداران را بر آن داشته تا قوانینی برای بهبود رفاه در حیوانات مزرعه وضع کنند. مهمترین نگرانی در مورد آسایش گاوهای شیری این است که آیا گاو احساس و عملکرد خوبی دارد و رفتار طبیعی را انجام میدهد. رفتار و میزان آسایش رابطه مستقیمی با میزان تولید و سلامت گاو دارد. آسایش در گاو یکی از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر سودآوری مزارع لبنی به دلیل ارتباط آن با کشتار پیش از بلوغ، ماندگاری گاوها و عمر تولیدی (تعداد شیردهیهای کامل گاو قبل از کشتار) آنها است. در این مقاله تلاش شده است تا پس از توضیح مفاهیم آسایش در گاو شیری عوامل متعدد مرتبط با آن از جمله جایگاه، بستر، تراکم، لنگش و استرس گرمایی و ... مورد بررسی قرارگرفته و نحوه ارزیابی آسایش با استفاده از شاخصهای آن توضیح داده شود. همچنین شاخصها و مولفههایی که به درجاتی در تعیین وضعیت بستر و کیفیت ساخت استالها و سایر مبادی مدیریتی که مربوط به آسایش گاو هستند در این مقاله مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفته است.
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