مروری بر آلودگی های نفتی در دریای خزر
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی منابع آبهامون جلیل زاده 1 , مهران پارسا 2 , محمدرضا گلریز ارم ساداتی 3
1 - دانشگاه تهران
2 - دانشگاه تهران
3 - کارشناس پژوهشی
کلید واژه: دریای خزر آلودگی نفتی هیدروکربن PAH,
چکیده مقاله :
نفت خام آميزه اي از تركيبات خالص است، اما تعداد آن‌ها بي شمار بوده و شرح آن‌ها در برش ها با افزايش تعداد اتم هاي كربن مشكل است، از ديدگاه شيميايي، نفت مخلوطي از صدها تركيب مولكولي است كه هيدروكربن ناميده ميشوند. بنابراين در این مقاله به‌طور خلاصه خانواده‌هاي گوناگون هيدروكربن ها بدون پرداختن به شيمي آلي بررسي مي‌شود. سپس هیدروکربن های نفتی و به‌طور خاص PAH ها که موضوع اصلی این تحقیق می باشند مورد بررسی قرار می گیرند و مروری بر اطلاعات جمع آوری شده در مورد تاثیرات و سمیت این ترکیب ها صورت می گیرد. وجود آلودگی های نفتی در سال های متمادی در دریاها و سواحل نقاط مختلف جهان باعث شده تا این موضوع بسیار مورد توجه قرار بگیرد. مطالعات زیادی به منظور بررسی این آلودگی ها انجام شده است که به تعدادی از آن‌ها در این مقاله اشاره شده است. مطالعات آلودگی نفتی مربوط به دریای خزر به‌طور گسترده در این مقاله مورد بررسی قرار گرفته شده است.
Crude oil is a mixture of pure compounds, from the chemical point of view, oil is a mixture of hundreds of molecular compounds called hydrocarbons. Therefore, in this article, various families of hydrocarbons are studied without going into organic chemistry. Then, oil hydrocarbons and in particular PAHs, which are the main subject of this research, are being examined. Moreover, an overview of the information gathered about the effects and toxicity of these compounds. The presence of oil pollution in many years in the seas and coastlines of the world has made this topic very much to be considered. Many studies have been conducted to investigate these contaminations, some of which are mentioned in this article. Oil pollution studies related to the Caspian Sea are widely discussed in this paper.
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