چالش‌های همگرایی و واگرایی در حقوق خصوصی جهانی: مطالعه تطبیقی در زمینه قراردادها و مسئولیت مدنی
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق مدنی
1 - کارشناس ارشد حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، موسسه آموزش عالی احرار، رشت، ایران.
کلید واژه: همگرایی حقوقی, واگرایی حقوقی, حقوق خصوصی جهانی, حقوق تطبیقی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقاله حاضر به بررسی چالش‌های همگرایی و واگرایی در حقوق خصوصی جهانی، با تمرکز بر حوزه‌های قراردادها و مسئولیت مدنی می‌پردازد. در عصر جهانی‌سازی، افزایش تعاملات فرامرزی و تجارت بین‌المللی، تفاوت‌های نظام‌های حقوقی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی را به چالش‌هایی عمده در مسیر همگرایی حقوقی تبدیل کرده است. با استفاده از روش‌های تطبیقی و تحلیل کیفی، تفاوت‌های نظام‌های حقوقی «کامن‌لا» و «حقوق نوشته» در حوزه‌های قراردادها و مسئولیت مدنی بررسی شده و راهکارهایی برای تقریب این نظام‌ها ارائه می‌شود. همچنین، نقش سازمان‌های بین‌المللی مانند UNIDROIT و CISG در همگرایی حقوقی تحلیل شده است. در پایان، پیشنهاداتی برای تحقیقات آینده در زمینه تأثیر فناوری‌های جدید و نقش حقوق اسلامی و سایر نظام‌های حقوقی غیرغربی در همگرایی حقوقی ارائه شده است
The present article examines the challenges of convergence and divergence in global private law, with a focus on the areas of contracts and civil liability. In the era of globalization, the increase in cross-border interactions and international trade has turned differences in legal, cultural, and economic systems into major challenges on the path to legal convergence. Using comparative methods and qualitative analysis, the differences between "common law" and "civil law" systems in the fields of contracts and civil liability are explored, and solutions for bridging these systems are proposed. Additionally, the role of international organizations such as UNIDROIT and CISG in legal convergence is analyzed. Finally, suggestions for future research on the impact of new technologies and the role of Islamic law and other non-Western legal systems in legal convergence are provided.
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