تأثیر سرمایه روان‌شناختی بر تاب‌آوری سازمانی در دوران شیوع کووید-19 (مطالعه موردی: هتل‌های شهر مشهد)
محورهای موضوعی :داود قربان زاده 1 , جواد آقا محمدی 2
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب
کلید واژه: تاب‌آوری سازمانی, رضایت از زندگی, سرمایه روان‌شناختی, صنعت هتلداری, کووید-19,
چکیده مقاله :
صنعت گردشگری از دیرباز به‌عنوان یکی از آسیب‌پذیرترین صنایع در مواجهه با انواع بحران‌ها شناخته شده است. در میان انواع بخش‌های فعال در حوزه گردشگری، بخش هتلداری به‌واسطه کاهش نرخ سفرها و اقامت در طول همه‌گیری کووید-19 بیشتر تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته است. به این منظور، برای کاهش اثرات مخرب بحران‌ها بر بخش هتلداری، ادبیات مفهوم تاب‌آوری را معرفی می‌کند. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر تأثیر سرمایه روان‌شناختی مالکان و مدیران هتل را بر تاب‌آوری سازمانی در طول شیوع کووید-19 بررسی می‌کند. اين پژوهش از نظر هدف كاربردى، شيوه جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پيمايشى و به لحاظ بررسى روابط بين متغيرها، همبستگى با تأکید بر مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری است. برای درک روابط مدل مفهومی، این پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه‌ای که در مهر ماه و آبان ماه 1399 میان 157 نفر از مالکان و مدیران هتل و هتل‌آپارتمان‌های شهر مشهد به روش در دسترس توزیع شد، نسبت به جمع‌آوری داده‌ها اقدام کرد. نتايج آزمون فرضیه‌ها با به‌کارگیری نرم‌افزارهای اس پی اس اس و اسمارت پی ال اس 3 حاكى از آن است که سرمایه روان‌شناختی مالکان یا مدیران هتل می‌تواند امید و خوش‌بینی را در کارکنان ایجاد نموده و به آن‌ها در پذیرش واقعیت و آمادگی برای بحران‌های احتمالی آینده کمک کند. همچنین تأثیر رضایت مالکان و مدیران هتل از زندگی بر تاب‌آوری سازمانی قابل‌ملاحظه است و بیان می‌کند که سطح رضایت از زندگی مالکان و مدیران هتل به‌طور قابل‌توجهی بر روند بهبود کسب‌وکار تأثیر می‌گذارد.
The tourism industry has long been recognized as one of the most vulnerable industries to crises. Among the various sectors active in the tourism context, the hotel sector has been most affected by declining travel and accommodation rates during the Covid-19 pandemic. To this end, in order to reduce the destructive effects of crises on the hotel sector, the literature introduces the concept of resilience. Therefore, the present study investigates the effect of psychological capital of hotel owners and managers on organizational resilience during the outbreak of Covid-19. The present research, in terms of practical purpose, the method of collecting data is survey data and considering the relationship between variables, correlation with emphasis on structural equation modeling. To understand the relationships of the conceptual model, this study collected data using a questionnaire that was distributed among 157 owners and managers of hotel and apartment hotels in Mashhad in a convenience method. The results of testing hypotheses using SPSS and SmartPLS 3.0 software indicate that the psychological capital of owners/managers of hotel can instil hope and optimism in the employees too and can help them to accept the reality and prepare for future contingencies. It also highlights the impact of owners/manager's life satisfaction on organizational resilience relationship stating that the levels of life satisfaction of owners and managers of hotel significantly influence the process of recovery of the business. This means that despite of adversities, resilient owners and managers would make efforts to get over the negativities of COVID-19 and try to get back to normal.
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