ارائه الگوی شایستگی های مدیران در سازمان های پیچیده
محورهای موضوعی : شایستگی های مورد نیاز رهبران منابع انسانی
1 - دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: شایستگی هاپیچیدگیشایستگی های مدیرانسازمان های پیچیده پیچیدگی ساختاری پیچیدگی فناوری پیچیدگی محیط,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه سازمان ها نسبت به گذشته بسیار پیچیده شده اند و لازم است مدیران شایستگی های جدید و مهمی را کسب کنند تا بتوانند سازمان ها را در رسیدن به اهداف خود یاری دهند. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه الگوی شایستگی های مدیران در سازمان های پیچیده می باشد که پژوهشی کاربردی محسوب می شود. این پژوهش در دو فاز صورت گرفته است که در فاز اول طراحی مدل و در فاز دوم اعتبار بخشی آن صورت گرفته است. در اولین مرحله از فاز نخست، بر اساس فراوانی پیچیدگی های مشاهده شده در ادبیات تحقیق و با مطالعه سیستماتیک مبانی نظری و همچنین بر اساس مصاحبه با خبرگان، سه نوع پیچیدگی ساختاری، فناوری و محیطی، مبنای ارزیابی پیچیدگی سازمان در نظر گرفته شد. در مرحله دوم که رویکردی کمی داشت و هدف آن شناسایی و انتخاب سازمان پیچیده بود، پرسشنامه ای 21 سوالی طراحی شد و روایی آن با نظر خبرگان و پایایی آن با محاسبه آّلفای کرونباخ تایید گردید و دربین291 نفر از مدیران میانی شهرداری توزیع شد که با انجام آزمون تی یک نمونه ای، سازمان پیچیده انتخاب گردید. در مرحله بعد که رویکردی کیفی داشت با 18نفر از خبرگان که با روش گلوله برفی انتخاب شده بودند، مصاحبه ای نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد و مدل اولیه شایستگی های مدیران متناسب با هرنوع پیچیدگی، حاصل شد. در مرحله چهارم که رویکردی کمی داشت بر اساس مدل اولیه، پرسشنامه ای طراحی گردید و دربین 5 نفر از خبرگان به روش دلفی توزیع شده و بعد از انجام سه مرحله رفت و برگشت، مدل اصلاح شده حاصل گردید. در فاز دوم پژوهش که هدف آن اعتبار بخشی مدل اصلاح شده بود و رویکردی کمی داشت، بر اساس مدل اصلاح شده پرسشنامه ای طراحی شد و دربین 15 نفر از خبرگان توزیع گردید و با محاسبه ضریب نسبی روایی محتوا، مدل نهایی شایستگی مدیران متناسب با هر نوع پیچیدگی تدوین شد.
Today organizations are more complex than in the past, and managers need to acquire new and important competencies to help organizations achieve their goals. The purpose of this study is to provide a model of managers' competencies in complex organizations, which is applied research. This research has been done in two phases, in the first phase, the model is designed and in the second phase, its validation is done. In the first stage of the first phase, based on the frequency of complexities observed in the research literature and by systematically studying the theoretical foundations and also based on interviews with experts, three types of structural, technological, and environmental complexity were considered as the basis for evaluating organizational complexity. In the second stage, which had a quantitative approach and the goal was to identify and select a complex organization, a 21-item questionnaire was designed and its validity was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha and distributed among 291 middle managers of the municipality. A one-sample, complex organization t-test was selected. In the next stage, which had a qualitative approach, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 18 experts who were selected by the snowball method, and the initial model of managers' competencies appropriate to any complexity was obtained. In the fourth stage, which had a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was designed based on the initial model and distributed among 5 experts by the Delphi method and after performing three round trip steps, the modified model was obtained. In the second phase of the research, which aimed to validate the modified model and had a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was designed based on the modified model. and distributed among 15 organizational experts, including municipal managers with at least a master's degree and a history of more than twenty-five years, and by calculating the relative content validity coefficient, the final model of managers' competence was developed for any complexity.
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