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Open Access Article
1 - Tracking Performance of Semi-Supervised Large Margin Classifiers in Automatic Modulation Classification
Hamidreza Hosseinzadeh Farbod Razzazi Afrooz HaghbinAutomatic modulation classification (AMC) in detected signals is an intermediate step between signal detection and demodulation, and is also an essential task for an intelligent receiver in various civil and military applications. In this paper, we propose a semi-superv MoreAutomatic modulation classification (AMC) in detected signals is an intermediate step between signal detection and demodulation, and is also an essential task for an intelligent receiver in various civil and military applications. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised Large margin AMC and evaluate it on tracking the received signal to noise ratio (SNR) changes to classify all forms of signals in a cognitive radio environment. To achieve this objective, two structures for self-training of large margin classifiers were developed in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels with priori unknown SNR. A suitable combination of the higher order statistics and instantaneous characteristics of digital modulation are selected as effective features. Simulation results show that adding unlabeled input samples to the training set, improve the tracking capacity of the presented system to robust against environmental SNR changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Early Detection of Pediatric Heart Disease by Automated Spectral Analysis of Phonocardiogram
Azra Rasouli KenariEarly recognition of heart disease is an important goal in pediatrics. Developing countries have a large population of children living with undiagnosed heart murmurs. As a result of an accompanying skills shortage, most of these children will not get the necessary treat MoreEarly recognition of heart disease is an important goal in pediatrics. Developing countries have a large population of children living with undiagnosed heart murmurs. As a result of an accompanying skills shortage, most of these children will not get the necessary treatment. Taking into account that heart auscultation remains the dominant method for heart examination in the small health centers of the rural areas and generally in primary healthcare setups, the enhancement of this technique would aid significantly in the diagnosis of heart diseases. The detection of murmurs from phonocardiographic recordings is an interesting problem that has been addressed before using a wide variety of techniques. We designed a system for automatically detecting systolic murmurs due to a variety of conditions. This could enable health care providers in developing countries with tools to screen large amounts of children without the need for expensive equipment or specialist skills. For this purpose an algorithm was designed and tested to detect heart murmurs in digitally recorded signals. Cardiac auscultatory examinations of 93 children were recorded, digitized, and stored along with corresponding echocardiographic diagnoses, and automated spectral analysis using discrete wavelet transforms was performed. Patients without heart disease and either no murmur or an innocent murmur (n = 40) were compared to patients with a variety of cardiac diagnoses and a pathologic systolic murmur present (n = 53). A specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 90.57% were achieved using signal processing techniques and a k-nn as classifier. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Instance Based Sparse Classifier Fusion for Speaker Verification
Mohammad Hasheminejad Hassan FarsiThis paper focuses on the problem of ensemble classification for text-independent speaker verification. Ensemble classification is an efficient method to improve the performance of the classification system. This method gains the advantage of a set of expert classifiers MoreThis paper focuses on the problem of ensemble classification for text-independent speaker verification. Ensemble classification is an efficient method to improve the performance of the classification system. This method gains the advantage of a set of expert classifiers. A speaker verification system gets an input utterance and an identity claim, then verifies the claim in terms of a matching score. This score determines the resemblance of the input utterance and pre-enrolled target speakers. Since there is a variety of information in a speech signal, state-of-the-art speaker verification systems use a set of complementary classifiers to provide a reliable decision about the verification. Such a system receives some scores as input and takes a binary decision: accept or reject the claimed identity. Most of the recent studies on the classifier fusion for speaker verification used a weighted linear combination of the base classifiers. The corresponding weights are estimated using logistic regression. Additional researches have been performed on ensemble classification by adding different regularization terms to the logistic regression formulae. However, there are missing points in this type of ensemble classification, which are the correlation of the base classifiers and the superiority of some base classifiers for each test instance. We address both problems, by an instance based classifier ensemble selection and weight determination method. Our extensive studies on NIST 2004 speaker recognition evaluation (SRE) corpus in terms of EER, minDCF and minCLLR show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Separation of Radar Clutters using Multi-Layer Perceptron
Mohammad Akhondi Darzikolaei Ataollah Ebrahimzadeh Elahe GholamiClutter usually has negative influence on the detection performance of radars. So, the recognition of clutters is crucial to detect targets and the role of clutters in detection cannot be ignored. The design of radar detectors and clutter classifiers are really complica MoreClutter usually has negative influence on the detection performance of radars. So, the recognition of clutters is crucial to detect targets and the role of clutters in detection cannot be ignored. The design of radar detectors and clutter classifiers are really complicated issues. Therefore, in this paper aims to classify radar clutters. The novel proposed MLP-based classifier for separating radar clutters is introduced. This classifier is designed with different hidden layers and five training algorithms. These training algorithms consist of Levenberg-Marquardt, conjugate gradient, resilient back-propagation, BFGS and one step secant algorithms. Statistical distributions are established models which widely used in the performance calculations of radar clutters. Hence In this research, Rayleigh, Log normal, Weibull and K-distribution clutters are utilized as input data. Then Burg’s reflection coefficients, skewness and kurtosis are three features which applied to extract the best characteristics of input data. In the next step, the proposed classifier is tested in different conditions and the results represent that the proposed MLP-based classifier is very successful and can distinguish clutters with high accuracy. Comparing the results of proposed technique and RBF-based classifier show that proposed method is more efficient. The results of simulations prove that the validity of MLP-based method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Handwritten Digits Recognition Using an Ensemble Technique Based on the Firefly Algorithm
Azar Mahmoodzadeh Hamed Agahi Marzieh SalehiThis paper develops a multi-step procedure for classifying Farsi handwritten digits using a combination of classifiers. Generally, the technique relies on extracting a set of characteristics from handwritten samples, training multiple classifiers to learn to discriminat MoreThis paper develops a multi-step procedure for classifying Farsi handwritten digits using a combination of classifiers. Generally, the technique relies on extracting a set of characteristics from handwritten samples, training multiple classifiers to learn to discriminate between digits, and finally combining the classifiers to enhance the overall system performance. First, a pre-processing course is performed to prepare the images for the main steps. Then three structural and statistical characteristics are extracted which include several features, among which a multi-objective genetic algorithm selects those more effective ones in order to reduce the computational complexity of the classification step. For the base classification, a decision tree (DT), an artificial neural networks (ANN) and a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) models are employed. Finally, the outcomes of the classifiers are fed into a classifier ensemble system to make the final decision. This hybrid system assigns different weights for each class selected by each classifier. These voting weights are adjusted by a metaheuristic firefly algorithm which optimizes the accuracy of the overall system. The performance of the implemented approach on the standard HODA dataset is compared with the base classifiers and some state-of-the-art methods. Evaluation of the proposed technique demonstrates that the proposed hybrid system attains high performance indices including accuracy of 98.88% with only eleven features. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - An Experimental Study on Performance of Text Representation Models for Sentiment Analysis
Sajjad Jahanbakhsh Gudakahriz Amir Masoud Eftekhari Moghaddam Fariborz MahmoudiSentiment analysis in social networks has been an active research field since 2000 and it is highly useful in the decision-making process of various domains and applications. In sentiment analysis, the goal is to analyze the opinion texts posted in social networks and o MoreSentiment analysis in social networks has been an active research field since 2000 and it is highly useful in the decision-making process of various domains and applications. In sentiment analysis, the goal is to analyze the opinion texts posted in social networks and other web-based resources to extract the necessary information from them. The data collected from various social networks and web sites do not possess a structured format, and this unstructured format is the main challenge for facing such data. It is necessary to represent the texts in the form of a text representation model to be able to analyze the content to overcome this challenge. Afterward, the required analysis can be done. The research on text modeling started a few decades ago, and so far, various models have been proposed for performing this modeling process. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of a number of commons and famous text representation models for sentiment analysis. This evaluation is carried out by using these models for sentiment classification by ensemble methods. An ensemble classifier is used for sentiment classification and after preprocessing, the texts is represented by selected models. The selected models for this study are TF-IDF, LSA, Word2Vec, and Doc2Vec and the used evaluation measures are Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-Measure. The results of the study show that in general, the Doc2Vec model provides better performance compared to other models in sentiment analysis and at best, accuracy is 0.72. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - AI based Computational Trust Model for Intelligent Virtual Assistant
Babu Kumar Ajay Vikram Singh Parul AgarwalThe Intelligent virtual assistant (IVA) also called AI assistant or digital assistant is software developed as a product by organizations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Virtual assistant based on Artificial Intelligence which works and processes on natural la MoreThe Intelligent virtual assistant (IVA) also called AI assistant or digital assistant is software developed as a product by organizations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Virtual assistant based on Artificial Intelligence which works and processes on natural language commands given by humans. It helps the user to work more efficiently and also saves time. It is human friendly as it works on natural language commands given by humans. Voice-controlled Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) have seen gigantic development as of late on cell phones and as independent gadgets in individuals’ homes. The intelligent virtual assistant is very useful for illiterate and visually impaired people around the world. While research has analyzed the expected advantages and downsides of these gadgets for IVA clients, barely any investigations have exactly assessed the need of security and trust as a singular choice to use IVAs. In this proposed work, different IPA users and non-users (N=1000) are surveyed to understand and analyze the barriers and motivations to adopting IPAs and how users are concerned about data privacy and trust with respect to organizational compliances and social contract related to IPA data and how these concerns have affected the acceptance and use of IPAs. We have used Naïve Byes Classifier to compute trust in IVA devices and further evaluate probability of using different trusted IVA devices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - An Effective Method of Feature Selection in Persian Text for Improving the Accuracy of Detecting Request in Persian Messages on Telegram
zahra khalifeh zadeh Mohammad Ali Zare ChahookiIn recent years, data received from social media has increased exponentially. They have become valuable sources of information for many analysts and businesses to expand their business. Automatic document classification is an essential step in extracting knowledge from MoreIn recent years, data received from social media has increased exponentially. They have become valuable sources of information for many analysts and businesses to expand their business. Automatic document classification is an essential step in extracting knowledge from these sources of information. In automatic text classification, words are assessed as a set of features. Selecting useful features from each text reduces the size of the feature vector and improves classification performance. Many algorithms have been applied for the automatic classification of text. Although all the methods proposed for other languages are applicable and comparable, studies on classification and feature selection in the Persian text have not been sufficiently carried out. The present research is conducted in Persian, and the introduction of a Persian dataset is a part of its innovation. In the present article, an innovative approach is presented to improve the performance of Persian text classification. The authors extracted 85,000 Persian messages from the Idekav-system, which is a Telegram search engine. The new idea presented in this paper to process and classify this textual data is on the basis of the feature vector expansion by adding some selective features using the most extensively used feature selection methods based on Local and Global filters. The new feature vector is then filtered by applying the secondary feature selection. The secondary feature selection phase selects more appropriate features among those added from the first step to enhance the effect of applying wrapper methods on classification performance. In the third step, the combined filter-based methods and the combination of the results of different learning algorithms have been used to achieve higher accuracy. At the end of the three selection stages, a method was proposed that increased accuracy up to 0.945 and reduced training time and calculations in the Persian dataset. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A Fast Algorithm for Hyperspectral Image Analysis Using SVM and Spatial Dependency
H. Ghassemian Ahmad KeshavarzRecent significant development in sensor technology makes possible Earth observational remote sensing system with unprecedented spectral resolution and data dimensionality. The value of these new sensor systems lies in their ability to acquire a nearly complete optical MoreRecent significant development in sensor technology makes possible Earth observational remote sensing system with unprecedented spectral resolution and data dimensionality. The value of these new sensor systems lies in their ability to acquire a nearly complete optical spectrum for each pixel in the scene. Such imaging spectrometry now makes possible the acquisition of data in hundreds of spectral bands simultaneously, and it is called hyperspectral images. With the limited number of training samples of hyperspectral images, the classification of these images using conventional feature extraction algorithms (PCA, ICA, PP, DBFE, DAFE and Wavelet) is considered useless. In this paper a two stages classification algorithm is proposed, by fussing the spatial and spectral information. In the first stage the classes of each pixel and its eight neighbors are identified, using a classical classification algorithm. In the second stage two primary classes of a pixel and its neighbors are compared in each node of decision tree by a SVM. The proposed, binary tree SVM, takes advantage of both the efficient computation of the tree architecture and the high classification accuracy of SVM. The hyperspectral data set used in our experiments is a scene from Indiana’s Indian Pine by the AVIRIS sensor. The examples results show the problem of limited training samples can be mitigated using the proposed algorithm; moreover the computational time is significantly reduced. This suggests that binary tree SVM could be a promising tool for classifying hyperspectral images. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Classifier
Seyed-Hamid ZahiriA multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm has been used to design a classifier which is able to optimize some important pattern recognition indices concurrently. These are Reliability, Score of recognition, and the number of hyperplanes. The propos MoreA multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm has been used to design a classifier which is able to optimize some important pattern recognition indices concurrently. These are Reliability, Score of recognition, and the number of hyperplanes. The proposed classifier can efficiently approximate the decision hyperplanes for separating the different classes in the feature space and dose not have any over-fitting and over-learning problems. Other swarm intelligence based classifiers do not have the capability of simultaneous optimizing aforesaid indices and they also may suffer the over-fitting problem. The experimental results show that the proposed multi-objective classifier can estimate the optimum sets of hyperplanes by approximating the Pareto-front and provide the favorite user's setup for selecting aforesaid indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A New Ensemble Learning Method for Improvement of Classification Performance
S. H. Nabavi-Kerizi E. KabirThe combination of multiple classifiers is shown to be suitable for improving the performance of pattern recognition systems. Combining multiple classifiers is only effective if the individual classifiers are accurate and diverse. The methods have been proposed for dive MoreThe combination of multiple classifiers is shown to be suitable for improving the performance of pattern recognition systems. Combining multiple classifiers is only effective if the individual classifiers are accurate and diverse. The methods have been proposed for diversity creation can be classified into implicit and explicit methods. In this paper, we propose a new explicit method for diversity creation. Our method adds a new penalty term in learning algorithm of neural network ensembles. This term for each network is the product of its error and the sum of other networks errors. Experimental results on different data sets show that proposed method outperforms the independent training and the negative correlation learning methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Determining of Classifiers Behavior Using Hidden Markov Model Based Decision Template
H. Sadoghi YazdiStudying of classifier behavior is interested from viewpoint of error checking and presentation of suitable solution for decreasing error rates and decreasing performance. Weakness operation of recognition system is because of small number of training samples, noisy sam MoreStudying of classifier behavior is interested from viewpoint of error checking and presentation of suitable solution for decreasing error rates and decreasing performance. Weakness operation of recognition system is because of small number of training samples, noisy samples, unsuitable extracted features, method of determining of system response. Presentation of suitable model for behavior or response of recognition system, we can improve operation of recognition system. In this paper, a new hidden Markov model based decision template is generated for modeling of neurons behavior in neural network. In existing methods, relation of neurons and interaction between them is not studied whereas; response of neural network includes response value of all neurons. So, relations of neurons are modeled using new hidden Markov decision templates. This method is used into three applications include recognition of Farsi number images, normal traffic in internet network, and recognition of types of vehicles. Increasing performance of neural network indicates to superiority of the proposed system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Ensemble Feature Selection Strategy Based on Hierarchical Clustering in Electronic Nose
M. A. Bagheri Gh. A. MontazerThe redundancy problem of sensor response in electronic noses is still remarkable due to the cross-selectivity of chemical gas sensors which can degrade the classification performance. In such situations, a more efficient multiple classifier system can be obtained in ra MoreThe redundancy problem of sensor response in electronic noses is still remarkable due to the cross-selectivity of chemical gas sensors which can degrade the classification performance. In such situations, a more efficient multiple classifier system can be obtained in random feature space rather than in the original one. Ensemble Feature Selection (EFS) methods assume that there is redundancy in the overall feature set and better performance can be achieved by choosing different subsets of input features for multiple classifiers. By combining these classifiers the higher recognition rate can be achieved. In this paper, we propose a feature subset selection method based on hierarchical clustering of transient features in order to enhance the classifier diversity and efficiency of learning algorithms. Our algorithm is tested on the UCI benchmark data sets and then used to design an odor recognition system. The experimental results of proposed method based on hierarchical clustering feature subset selection and multiple classifier system demonstrate the more efficient classification performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Segmentation of Steel Surfaces towards Defect Detection Using New Gabor Composition Method
S. J. Alemasoom A. Monadjemi H. A. AlemasoomThe images of steel surfaces are generally textural images. There are different texture analysis methods to extract features from these images. In those methods using multi-scale/multi-directional analysis, Gabor filters are used for feature extraction. In this paper, w MoreThe images of steel surfaces are generally textural images. There are different texture analysis methods to extract features from these images. In those methods using multi-scale/multi-directional analysis, Gabor filters are used for feature extraction. In this paper, we extract texture features using the optimum Gabor filter bank. This filter bank is designed in a way that diverse filtering frequency and orientation will allow it to extract considerable amounts of texture information from the input images. We also introduce a new method called Gabor composition for segmentation and defect detection of steel surfaces. In this method, using two different algorithms, the input image is decomposed into detail images using an appropriate Gabor filter bank and then selected detail images are re composed. The created feature map illustrates the defective areas well. By calculating data distribution of detail images and comparing them, the second method of Gabor composition can accomplish segmentation without needing the normal images and the number of detail images to re-compose. Furthermore, we did different tests towards optimizing of segmentation by means of classifiers. Using a K-means classifier and adding gray levels to the extracted features, complete the segmentation procedure. The experimental results show that the Gabor composition method in most of the tests has got better defect detection performance than the ordinary K-means classifier and the standard wavelet method; also the Second method of Gabor composition has got the best performance over all. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - An Intelligent BGSA Based Method for Feature Selection in a Persian Handwritten Digits Recognition System
N. Ghanbari S. M. Razavi S. H. Nabavi KariziIn this paper, an intelligent feature selection method for recognition of Persian handwritten digits is presented. The fitness function associated with the error in the Persian handwritten digits recognition system is minimized, by selecting the appropriate features, us MoreIn this paper, an intelligent feature selection method for recognition of Persian handwritten digits is presented. The fitness function associated with the error in the Persian handwritten digits recognition system is minimized, by selecting the appropriate features, using binary gravitational search algorithm. Implementation results show that the use of intelligent methods is well able to choose the most effective features for this recognition system. The results of the proposed method in comparison with other similar methods based on genetic algorithm and binary particle method of optimizing indicates the effective performance of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - A New Approach for the Diagnosis of Mammographic Masses Based on BI-RADS Features and Opposition-Based Classification
F. Saki A. Tahmasbi Shahriar Baradaran ShokouhiFast and accurate classification of benign and malignant patterns in digital mammograms is of significant importance in the diagnosis of breast cancers. In this paper, we develop a new Computer-aided Diagnosis (CADx) system using a novel Opposition-based classifier to e MoreFast and accurate classification of benign and malignant patterns in digital mammograms is of significant importance in the diagnosis of breast cancers. In this paper, we develop a new Computer-aided Diagnosis (CADx) system using a novel Opposition-based classifier to enhance the accuracy and shorten the training time of the classification of breast masses. We extract a group of Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) features from preprocessed mammography images and feed them to a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). The MLP is then trained using a new learning rule which we will refer to as the Opposite Weighted Back Propagation (OWBP) algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the system, in terms of classification accuracy, using a Receiver Operational Characteristics (ROC) curve. The proposed system yields an area under ROC curve (Az) of 0.924 and an accuracy of 92.86 %. Furthermore, the speed analysis results suggest that, with the same network topology, the convergence rate of the proposed OWBP algorithm is almost 4 times faster than that of the traditional Back Propagation (BP) algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Fuzzy Voting for Anomaly Detection in Cluster-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Mohammad Rahmanimanesh Saeed JaliliIn this paper, an attack analysis and detection method in cluster-based mobile ad hoc networks with AODV routing protocol is proposed. The proposed method uses the anomaly detection approach for detecting attacks in which the required features for describing the normal MoreIn this paper, an attack analysis and detection method in cluster-based mobile ad hoc networks with AODV routing protocol is proposed. The proposed method uses the anomaly detection approach for detecting attacks in which the required features for describing the normal behavior of AODV protocol are defined via step by step analysis of AODV protocol and independent of any attack. In order to learn the normal behavior of AODV, a fuzzy voting method is used for combining support vector data description (SVDD), mixture of Gaussians (MoG), and self-organizing maps (SOM) one-class classifiers and the combined model is utilized to partially detect the attacks in cluster members. The votes of cluster members are periodically transmitted to the cluster head and final decision on attack detection is carried out in the cluster head. In the proposed method, a fuzzy voting method is used for aggregating the votes of cluster members in the cluster head by which the performance of the method improves significantly in detecting blackhole, rushing, route error fabrication, packet replication, and wormhole attacks. In this paper, an attack analysis method based on feature sensitivity ranking is also proposed that determines which features are influenced more by the mentioned attacks. This sensitivity ranking leads to the detection of the types of attacks launched on the network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Gravity Oriented One-Class Classifier Based on Support Vector Data Descriptor
H. Ghafarian H. Sadoghi Yazdi Y. AllahyariIn this paper, a one-class classifier based on the Support Vector Data Descriptor (SVDD) is proposed. In SVDD, even outlier samples which are out of the decision boundary, are affecting the boundary. This increases the error of the classifier. In the proposed classifier MoreIn this paper, a one-class classifier based on the Support Vector Data Descriptor (SVDD) is proposed. In SVDD, even outlier samples which are out of the decision boundary, are affecting the boundary. This increases the error of the classifier. In the proposed classifier, decision boundary is determined by all of the samples through a gravity oriented approach. In this way, two classifier is proposed which in one of them knowledge about outliers are also considered. The optimization problem of the proposed method is convex and can be used with the kernel methods. Experiments on the behavior of the proposed classifier regarding changes of the parameters were done. Comparing results of experiments with results of SVDD and Density Induced SVDD shows that the proposed method can decrease the effects of outliers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Designing Optimal Fuzzy Classifier Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Seyed-Hamid ZahiriAn important issue in designing a fuzzy classifier is setting its structural and mathematical fuzzy parameters (e.g., number of rules, antecedents, consequents, types and locations of membership functions). In fact, the variations of these parameters establish a wide MoreAn important issue in designing a fuzzy classifier is setting its structural and mathematical fuzzy parameters (e.g., number of rules, antecedents, consequents, types and locations of membership functions). In fact, the variations of these parameters establish a wide range high dimensional search space, which makes heuristic methods some suitable candidates to solve this problem (designing optimal fuzzy parameters). In this paper, a method is described for this purpose. In presented technique, all fuzzy parameters of a fuzzy classifier, are interpreted in structure of particles and PSO algorithm is employed to find the optimal one. Extensive experimental results on well-known benchmarks and practical pattern recognition problem (automatic target recognition) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Fusion of Neural Networks Based on Negative Correlation Learning for Offline Handwritten Word Recognition
S. A. A. Abbaszadeh Arani E. KabirIn this study, an ensemble classification method, based on negative correlation learning, is used for holistic recognition of handwritten words with limited vocabulary. In this method, training data set, after preprocessing and feature extraction, is applied to the base MoreIn this study, an ensemble classification method, based on negative correlation learning, is used for holistic recognition of handwritten words with limited vocabulary. In this method, training data set, after preprocessing and feature extraction, is applied to the base Multilayer Perceptron classifiers. These classifiers are trained by negative correlation learning to make them diverse. Features extracted from a test input are applied to the base classifiers, which produce somehow diverse outputs. By combining these outputs, the final output of the system is obtained. For experiments, three feature sets based on zoning, gradient image and contour chain code are extracted from the images. In experiments, performed on 775 images of 31 Province centers from "Iranshahr" dataset, when gradient-based features were used to train 6 Multilayer Perceptron classifiers by negative correlation, by Fusion the outputs of these classifiers through voting, an average recognition rate of 96.10 percent is achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Model-Based Classification of Emotional Speech Using Non-Linear Dynamics Features
A. Harimi A. Ahmadyfard A. Shahzadi K. YaghmaieRecent developments in interactive and robotic systems have motivated researchers for recognizing human’s emotion from speech. The present study aimed to classify emotional speech signals using a two stage classifier based on arousal-valence emotion model. In this metho MoreRecent developments in interactive and robotic systems have motivated researchers for recognizing human’s emotion from speech. The present study aimed to classify emotional speech signals using a two stage classifier based on arousal-valence emotion model. In this method, samples are firstly classified based on the arousal level using conventional prosodic and spectral features. Then, valence related emotions are classified using the proposed non-linear dynamics features (NLDs). NLDs are extracted from the geometrical properties of the reconstructed phase space of speech signal. For this purpose, four descriptor contours are employed to represent the geometrical properties of the reconstructed phase space. Then, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is used to compress the information of these contours into a set of low order coefficients. The significant DCT coefficients of the descriptor contours form the proposed NLDs. The classification accuracy of the proposed system has been evaluated using the 10-fold cross-validation technique on the Berlin database. The average recognition rate of 96.35% and 87.18% were achieved for females and males, respectively. By considering the total number of male and female samples, the overall recognition rate of 92.34% is obtained for the proposed speech emotion recognition system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Geometrical Self-Organizing Map Classifier Based on Active Learning for Steganalysis in the Video Environment by Spending at Least a Label
H. Sadoghi Yazdi A. Mohiaddini M. KhademiClassifier is one of the three blocks of a video steganalysis that needs labeled for training. In the blind video steganalysis, due to the lack of access to steganography algorithms, it is difficult to label. In this paper, the semi supervised growing self-organizing ma MoreClassifier is one of the three blocks of a video steganalysis that needs labeled for training. In the blind video steganalysis, due to the lack of access to steganography algorithms, it is difficult to label. In this paper, the semi supervised growing self-organizing map classifier has been used to reach the minimum label. For this purpose, a concept called the geometric redundancy of the lower-layer nodes of the semi supervised self-organizing network has been used. It has been shown that this redundancy will create repetitive patterns of the network, so deleting such nodes is possible. Proven due to the existence of one-to-one correspondence between nodes and labels. Reducing nodes leads to a reduction in the number of labels required. The basic point is the need for a geometric redundancy among a number of nodes, which is a conception of abstraction, is the formation of a group by them. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is based on identifying categories and integrating their members. The classifier obtained on this basis has been named a geometric self-organizing map classifier .It is proven that this classifier can achieve the minimum amount of optimal label. The simulation results show a remarkable superiority over the previous algorithms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Semi-Supervised Ensemble Using Confidence Based Selection Metric in Nnon-Stationary Data Streams
shirin khezri jafar tanha ali ahmadi arash SharifiIn this article, we propose a novel Semi-Supervised Ensemble classifier using Confidence Based Selection metric, named SSE-CBS. The proposed approach uses labeled and unlabeled data, which aims at reacting to different types of concept drift. SSE-CBS combines an accurac MoreIn this article, we propose a novel Semi-Supervised Ensemble classifier using Confidence Based Selection metric, named SSE-CBS. The proposed approach uses labeled and unlabeled data, which aims at reacting to different types of concept drift. SSE-CBS combines an accuracy-based weighting mechanism known from block-based ensembles with the incremental nature of Hoeffding Tree. The proposed algorithm is experimentally compared to the state-of-the-art stream methods, including supervised, semi-supervised, single classifiers, and block-based ensembles in different drift scenarios. Out of all the compared algorithms, SSE-CBS outperforms other semi-supervised ensemble approaches. Experimental results show that SSE-CBS can be considered suitable for scenarios, involving many types of drift in limited labeled data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Breast Cancer Classification Approaches - A Comparative Analysis
Mohan Kumar Sunil Kumar Khatri Masoud MohammadianCancer of the breast is a difficult disease to treat since it weakens the patient's immune system. Particular interest has lately been shown in the identification of particular immune signals for a variety of malignancies in this regard. In recent years, several methods MoreCancer of the breast is a difficult disease to treat since it weakens the patient's immune system. Particular interest has lately been shown in the identification of particular immune signals for a variety of malignancies in this regard. In recent years, several methods for predicting cancer based on proteomic datasets and peptides have been published. The cells turns into cancerous cells because of various reasons and get spread very quickly while detrimental to normal cells. In this regard, identifying specific immunity signs for a range of cancers has recently gained a lot of interest. Accurately categorizing and compartmentalizing the breast cancer subtype is a vital job. Computerized systems built on artificial intelligence can substantially save time and reduce inaccuracy. Several strategies for predicting cancer utilizing proteomic datasets and peptides have been reported in the literature in recent years.It is critical to classify and categorize breast cancer treatments correctly. It's possible to save time while simultaneously minimizing the likelihood of mistakes using machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches. Using the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Diagnostic dataset, this study evaluates the performance of various classification methods, including SVC, ETC, KNN, LR, and RF (random forest). Breast cancer can be detected and diagnosed using a variety of measurements of data (which are discussed in detail in the article) (WBCD). The goal is to determine how well each algorithm performs in terms of precision, recall, and accuracy. The variation of each classification threshold has been tested on various algorithms and SVM turned out to be very promising. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Hoax Identification of Indonesian Tweeters using Ensemble Classifier
Gus Nanang Syaifuddiin Rizal Arifin Desriyanti Desriyanti Ghulam Asrofi Buntoro Zulkham Umar Rosyidin Ridwan Yudha Pratama Ali SelamatFake information, better known as hoaxes, is often found on social media. Currently, social media is not only used to make friends or socialize with friends online, but some use it to spread hate speech and false information. Hoaxes are very dangerous in social life, es MoreFake information, better known as hoaxes, is often found on social media. Currently, social media is not only used to make friends or socialize with friends online, but some use it to spread hate speech and false information. Hoaxes are very dangerous in social life, especially in countries with large populations and ethnically diverse cultures, such as Indonesia. Although there have been many studies on detecting false information, the accuracy and efficiency still need to be improved. To help prevent the spread of these hoaxes, we built a model to identify false information in Indonesian using an ensemble classifier that combines the n-gram method, term frequency-inverse document frequency, and passive-aggressive classifier method. The evaluation process was carried out using 5000 samples from Twitter social media accounts in this study. The testing process is carried out using four schemes by dividing the dataset into training and test data based on the ratios of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40. The inspection results show that our software can accurately detect hoaxes at 91.8%. We also found an increase in the accuracy and precision of hoax detection testing using the proposed method compared to several previous studies. The results show that our proposed method can be developed and used in detecting hoaxes in Indonesian on various social media platforms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - A Comparison Analysis of Conventional Classifiers and Deep Learning Model for Activity Recognition in Smart Homes based on Multi-label Classification
John Kasubi Manjaiah D. Huchaiah Ibrahim Gad Mohammad Kazim HooshmandActivity Recognition is essential for exploring the various activities that humans engage in within Smart Homes in the presence of multiple sensors as residents interact with household appliances. Smart homes use intelligent IoT devices linked to residents' homes to tra MoreActivity Recognition is essential for exploring the various activities that humans engage in within Smart Homes in the presence of multiple sensors as residents interact with household appliances. Smart homes use intelligent IoT devices linked to residents' homes to track changes in human behavior as the humans interact with the home's equipment, which may improve healthcare and security issues for the residents. This study presents a research work that compares conventional classifiers such as DT, LDA, Adaboost, GB, XGBoost, MPL, KNN, and DL, focusing on recognizing human activities in Smart Homes using Activity Recognizing Ambient Sensing (ARAS). The experimental results demonstrated that DL Model outperformed with excellent accuracy compared to conventional classifiers in recognizing human activities in Smart Homes. This work proves that DL Models perform best in analyzing ARAS datasets compared to traditional machine learning algorithms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Persian Stance Detection Based On Multi-Classifier Fusion
Mojgan Farhoodi Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Nazanin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Stance detection More<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Nazanin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;">Stance detection (also known as stance classification, stance prediction, and stance analysis) is a recent research topic that has become an emerging paradigm of the importance of opinion-mining. The purpose of stance detection is to identify the author's viewpoint toward a specific target, which has become a key component of applications such as fake news detection, claim validation, argument search, etc. In this paper, we applied three approaches including machine learning, deep learning and transfer learning for Persian stance detection. Then we proposed a framework of multi-classifier fusion for getting final decision on output results. We used a weighted majority voting method based on the accuracy of the classifiers to combine their results. The experimental results showed the performance of the proposed multi-classifier fusion method is better than individual classifiers.</span></p> Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Using limited memory to store the most recent action in XCS learning classifier systems in maze problems
Ali Yousefi kambiz badie mohamad mehdi ebadzade Arash SharifiNowadays, learning classifier systems have received attention in various applications in robotics, such as sensory robots, humanoid robots, intelligent rescue and rescue systems, and control of physical robots in discrete and continuous environments. Usually, the combin MoreNowadays, learning classifier systems have received attention in various applications in robotics, such as sensory robots, humanoid robots, intelligent rescue and rescue systems, and control of physical robots in discrete and continuous environments. Usually, the combination of an evolutionary algorithm or intuitive methods with a learning process is used to search the space of existing rules in assigning the appropriate action of a category. The important challenge to increase the speed and accuracy in reaching the goal in the maze problems is to use and choose the action that the stimulus is placed on the right path instead of repeatedly hitting the surrounding obstacles. For this purpose, in this article, an intelligent learning classifier algorithm of accuracy-based learning classifier systems (XCS) based on limited memory is used, which according to the input and actions applied to the environment and the reaction of the stimulus, the rules It is optimally identified and added as a new classifier set to the accuracy-based learning classifier systems (XCS) algorithm in the next steps. Among the achievements of this method, it can be based on reducing the number of necessary steps and increasing the speed of reaching the stimulus to the target compared to the accuracy-based learning classifier systems (XCS) algorithm. Manuscript profile
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