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      • Open Access Article

        1 - using Electronic Intermediaries to Expand Business Processes
        Saeed Fathi Maryam Safi
        Electronic intermediaries (EIMs) are Internet-based organizations that enable other organizations to interact with each other in business processes. While EIMs have become a significant sector of the Internet economy, theory and guidelines for planning the set of busine More
        Electronic intermediaries (EIMs) are Internet-based organizations that enable other organizations to interact with each other in business processes. While EIMs have become a significant sector of the Internet economy, theory and guidelines for planning the set of business processes an EIM can support online are sparse. This paper presents an approach to plan the specific online processes supported by a particular EIM. The approach draws on conceptual research on business process engineering, EIMs, and e-business architectures. Three categories of processes, together with their respective sub-processes, are identified and described. The approach then provides guidance in the choice of processes, based upon two factors; first the resource base of the EIM, and second, its evolutionary context. The insight gained from this analysis is that the business performance of an EIM can be enhanced by considering its resource base and evolutionary context when planning its business processes. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Typology of the body of residential houses with a central courtyard in the first Pahlavi period
        Yasin Talebi Garalar majid shahbazi
        The central yard, as an efficient and responsive device, has done its job well in protecting residents from environmental, social and cultural conditions in different regions of Iran. The physical typology of the central courtyard in different regions of the country, es More
        The central yard, as an efficient and responsive device, has done its job well in protecting residents from environmental, social and cultural conditions in different regions of Iran. The physical typology of the central courtyard in different regions of the country, especially the buildings related to the first Pahlavi period, is a topic that this research seeks to answer. For this purpose, traditional houses with courtyards from different cities of the country have been selected as study samples. This research aims to investigate the physical structure, patterns and various types of the central courtyard in traditional houses, to study the typology of these houses. In order to carry out the research, more than 60 examples of traditional houses in the historical area of different cities of Iran were identified and 23 houses that had complete information and documents were selected for classification. According to their nature, research data has been collected by referring to library sources and field observations. The results of the classification of the location of the courtyard in the building show that one construction front (with the building mass on the northern side of the courtyard) has the most and buildings with two courtyards on both sides of the building have the lowest frequency among the samples studied. Also in In the longitudinal classification, 15.1-25 has the highest frequency, while in the transverse classification, the maximum frequency belongs to 15.1-20. Yards with an area of 100 to 400 square meters have the highest frequency among the samples studied. In the classification of proportions, the highest frequency is related to the proportions of 1.1 and the lowest is related to 1.5, which indicates the stretching of the yards towards the square. After the classification and comparison, Tousizadeh house has been chosen as the representative of the species with the highest abundance and Ganjalizadeh house as the representative of the species with the least abundance in the study context. Manuscript profile