وظیفه

Open Access Article

1 - Modern State, National Army, and Conscription
Vhid sinaee

National armies, and conscription are institutions that established by nation-state. Because the state’s claim on exclusive dominatation over and the legitimate use of force in a specific territory required formation of military institutions, i.e. national army, and co More

National armies, and conscription are institutions that established by nation-state. Because the state’s claim on exclusive dominatation over and the legitimate use of force in a specific territory required formation of military institutions, i.e. national army, and conscription. This link was established through the legal- theoretical foundations of the state, i.e. national sovereignty, and nationalism. In this context, nation served as a source of human forces to military organizations, and conscription, which in turn helped strengthen and stabilize the modern state. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - A Task Mapping and Scheduling Algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm for Embedded System Design
mohadese nikseresht Mohsen Raji

Embedded system designers face numerous design requirements and objectives (such as runtime, power consumption and reliability). Since meeting one of these requirements mostly contradicts other design requirements, it seem to be inevitable to apply multi-objective appr More

Embedded system designers face numerous design requirements and objectives (such as runtime, power consumption and reliability). Since meeting one of these requirements mostly contradicts other design requirements, it seem to be inevitable to apply multi-objective approaches in various stages of designing embedded systems, including task scheduling step. In this paper, a multi-objective task mapping and scheduling in the design stage of the embedded system is presented. In this method, tasks are represented by task graphs assuming that the hardware architecture platform is given and determined. In order to manage the dependencies between tasks in the task graph, a segmentation method is used, in which the tasks that can be executed simultaneously are specified in a segment and is considered in the scheduling process. In the proposed method, the task mapping and scheduling problem is modeled as a genetic algorithm-based multi-objective optimization problem considering execution time, energy consumption, and reliability. In comparison to similar previous works, the proposed scheduling method respectively provides 21.4%, 19.2%, and 20% improvement in execution time, energy consumption, and reliability. Applying a multi-objective helps the designer to pick out the best outcome according to different considerations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Critical review of ethical conflict from the perspective of David Ross, relying on the verses and narrations

One of the important subjects in the range of moral dilemma, Tarz¬Ha Yi is sometimes placed among the moral duties. In addition to examining aspects of ethics philosopher David Ross intuition-oriented, he also paid to the analysis and theory According to the head of epi More

One of the important subjects in the range of moral dilemma, Tarz¬Ha Yi is sometimes placed among the moral duties. In addition to examining aspects of ethics philosopher David Ross intuition-oriented, he also paid to the analysis and theory According to the head of epistemology, ethics, moral principles to achieve that called prima facie duties. And for moral judgment justified in certain circumstances to determine the actual duties, only intuition that Kargshast; This extract is head of training and compliance great location, big and small criticism and praise is located proliferate. The famous philosopher in the realm of ethics, because he belongs to the school of intuitionism.. To the head of the intuition, is the source of knowledge, understanding and non-inductive and mind through the preparation does not seem to result. Serious criticism because humans are very different moral intuitions and sharp disagreements about ethics, Intuitive late to the education of ethical and brought rationality. Considered by many to believe in the existence of prima facie duties of the auditor general is the head of ethics Of course, like any other serious critique theory has also come on it. Ross perspective due to defects in explaining the series of tasks and thus its irrationality and lack of comprehensive criteria for preferred Mtzahm actions, in fact, is not a suitable solution for solving this problem Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Explain the Position of critical Thinking in Epistemic Deontology of Ethic of Belief
فرامرز محمدی پویا

The aim of this study is explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology of ethic of belief. So، used from conceptual analysis method for analyzing epistemic deontology and critical thinking and explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic d More

The aim of this study is explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology of ethic of belief. So، used from conceptual analysis method for analyzing epistemic deontology and critical thinking and explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology. The findings show that for rationality to the beliefs and regard of ethic of Belief، should provide the necessary and sufficient reasons for belief (Evidentialism). Achieving to this reasons and evidences needed to investigate about the belief (Epistemic Deontology). For to conduct the research، should have rules that their application cause done efficiently epistemic deontology process. Critical thinking consists of skills that each can be as a rule and will use in the process of investigation a belief. These rules include "judge with clear criteria and avoid hasty judgments"، "questioning"، "self-correction"، "to distinguish strong from weak reason"، "Failure to follow the majority and truth-seeking"، "analyzing"، "perfect review"، "obvious and avoid ambiguity"، "avoid prejudice"، "comprehensive review"، " flexibility"، " follow up doubts"، "listening to opposite opinions"، "separate belief from the owner belief"، "review defaults" that with use in process of ethic of belief، cause epistemic deontology be lawful. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - An Investigation of Consequentialism and Ethical Conscientiousness with Emphasis on Kant's Theory in the Society of Iranian Certified Accountants and its Impact on Adherence to Auditors' Professional Behavior
sherly Nematolahi Mohamadreza Vatanparast

Morality is a pervasive subject that covers all aspects of human life. Accounting is one of the most organized and disciplined professions in the world, and because of the type and nature of the services it offers, it must have a certain reputation. The continuation of More

Morality is a pervasive subject that covers all aspects of human life. Accounting is one of the most organized and disciplined professions in the world, and because of the type and nature of the services it offers, it must have a certain reputation. The continuation of this credibility and its validity and reliability depends on the intellectual and practical commitment of the members of the profession to its ethical and ethical standards. One of the fundamental issues in the philosophy of ethics in accounting is the discussion of the standard of ethical action and the evaluation of auditors' voluntary actions ethically. In this context, throughout history, numerous schools of thought and philosophers have emerged, one of which is Kant's moral school and moral consequentialism. In the first step, this research has investigated the place of ethical philosophies in formulating such professional behavior through library method. In the second step, using the survey method, it analyzes the auditors' views. Ethical responsibility and ethical consequence have a significant effect on the level of adherence to auditors' professional conduct. Adhering to two ethical dimensions of ethical duty and ethical consequence can also encourage auditors in the process of conducting ethical boundaries, including ethical duty-making and the result of the work presented in a way that will be relevant and credible to all. And this is related to moral consequentialism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Kantian ethics from the perspective of martyr Motahari
majid abolghasemzadeh

Kant according to his philosophy of critique and relying on practical reason, achieved a moral order that distinguishes his philosophy of ethics from some other philosophy of ethics. Relying on practical reason and ignoring theoretical reason, deontologism, formalism, More

Kant according to his philosophy of critique and relying on practical reason, achieved a moral order that distinguishes his philosophy of ethics from some other philosophy of ethics. Relying on practical reason and ignoring theoretical reason, deontologism, formalism, absolutism, separation between happiness and perfection, good agent, the priority of morality to religion are some features of Kantian ethics. Professor martyr Motahhari while accurate explaining and analyzing of Kant's ethics philosophy and using the moral system of Islam, has been reviewed and criticized it. At first we will explain a brief principles and basic issues of Kant's ethics in this article and then we will review it from the perspective of martyr Motahhari Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The right and duty in the social security system are the law and moral duty of the state
mohammadreza najafabadipour Abolfazl Jafargholikhani tayebe balvardi

(Premium Unification of the employer's contribution rate guild in the social security organization to support Iranian production) There is a link between the right and the duty in the social security system, that is to say, every one has the right to be in charge of it More

(Premium Unification of the employer's contribution rate guild in the social security organization to support Iranian production) There is a link between the right and the duty in the social security system, that is to say, every one has the right to be in charge of it.. The right to social security has been recognized as a fundamental right in order to safeguard the interests of individuals in the individual and social spheres against governments, they are also responsible for implementing this right Islamic Republic of Iran has been formulated in three layers the the social security system in of Of insurance, support, and assistance The social security organization is one of the organizations that plays a fundamental role in the insurance strategy and in the part of the participatory system by paying the premium to the share of employers, workers, and the share of contributions by the government in implementing Article Principle 29 of the Constitution has a fundamental role. The Law on Employee Benefit Exemption has been approved by the employer for 5 people in 1362to support manufacturing, technical and industrial workshops in order to support domestic production, although the number of workshops is reduced every day The purpose of this paper is to express the right and duty for eliminating discrimination, protecting the domestic economy and Premium Unification the premium rate in all workshops. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The role of religious beliefs and doctrines In compliance with the contractual obligation
shahnaz seifollahi mahmud ghayumzadeh Hossein HabibiTabar

Responsibility literally means to be obligated or committed to do something. Duty refers to something that is legally or customarily incumbent on someone. Homework also means burdening someone with hard work and suffering. Commitment means taking on a job as well as mak More

Responsibility literally means to be obligated or committed to do something. Duty refers to something that is legally or customarily incumbent on someone. Homework also means burdening someone with hard work and suffering. Commitment means taking on a job as well as making a covenant. Right also means share and share. Each of these words is somehow related to each other. For example, unless someone has a duty, he will not be responsible for doing it or not, and he will not be held accountable. The word homework is also associated with responsibility and duty; Because in all three cases, something is the responsibility of the person that its implementation is necessary and obligatory. Naturally, a person's divine human personality and his or her faith beliefs will play a key role in commitment and fulfillment of extraterritorial duties. In the present article, using a descriptive-analytical method and based on qualitative content analysis, the role of the individual's spiritual and doctrinal personality in the commitment to fulfill duties and contracts has been explained and ambiguities have been answered in this regard. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Relationship between moral conscientiousness and Achievement goal: The mediating locus of control
Mohsen Arbezi farhad khormaei

This study aims to examine the relationship between moral conscientiousness and goals of progress with source-mediated control. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of undergraduate students of Shiraz Uni More

This study aims to examine the relationship between moral conscientiousness and goals of progress with source-mediated control. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of undergraduate students of Shiraz University, from which 440 students (221 girls) and (219 boys) were selected through multistage cluster random sampling. They responded to task-oriented ethics questionnaires, locus of control, and goals of progress. To respond to the research hypotheses, path analysis was used in structural equation modeling. The results showed that although conscientious and trustworthy with all three achievement goals performance approach, mastery approach & mastery avoidance Have a positive and significant relationship; But with performance approach the relationship is greater. The results also showed that locus of control can mediate the relationship between moral conscientiousness and achievement goal. The results of this study contribute to the development of theoretical knowledge about the antecedent role of moral conscientiousness and locus of control in relation Achievement goal. Also, in practical terms, the implication of the research results is that by moral character, conscientious, and trustworthy (locus of control) can help develop appropriate development goals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Investigating the Mediating Role of Organization-Based Self-Esteem in the Effect of Conscientiousness & Agreeableness on Task Performance & Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Employees of the National Iranian Drilling Company
Mohammad Bagher Kajbaf sima parizadeh Sahar Savadkouhi Saba Gheysari

The aim of this study was to, investigated the mediating role of organization-based self-esteem in the effect of conscientiousness & agreeableness on task performance and organizational citizenship behavior. The sample of study was 234 employees of the National Iranian More

The aim of this study was to, investigated the mediating role of organization-based self-esteem in the effect of conscientiousness & agreeableness on task performance and organizational citizenship behavior. The sample of study was 234 employees of the National Iranian Drilling Company who were selected using stratified random sampling. In this study, was used standard questionnaires such as personality characteristics (NEO), job performance, organizational citizenship behavior, & organization-based self-esteem, & for analyzing data, was used Path Analysis Method. The research model test showed the good fitted of the model. Examination of the direct effects indicated that conscientiousness & agreeableness have a significant & positive effect on task performance, organizational citizenship behavior, & organization-based self-esteem, & organization-based self-esteem has a significant & positive effect on task performance, & organizational citizenship behavior. Also, the indirect effects test showed that organization-based self-esteem has mediating role in the effect of conscientiousness & agreeableness on task performance & organizational citizenship behavior. Accordingly, with regard to variables such as conscientiousness, agreeableness & increase of organization-based self-esteem, the rate of task performance, & employees’ organizational citizenship behavior could be increased. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Investigating effect of front-line of employees’ competences on customer satisfaction with the role of moderating situational conditions (case of study: hypermi of store mashhad
وجیهه هوشیار Seyede farnaz Ahmadi saeed

Abstract Today, competition in the market is accelerating, organizations to be successful and take advantage of their competitive advantage must have the capabilities, which can be used with the resources they have, valuable performance and unparalleled. On the other h More

Abstract Today, competition in the market is accelerating, organizations to be successful and take advantage of their competitive advantage must have the capabilities, which can be used with the resources they have, valuable performance and unparalleled. On the other hand, human resources are the most important assets of organizations that help the productivity of the organization by learning knowledge and are effective in creating a competitive advantage and success of the organization in competition. This study seeks to investigate the effect of queue 1 staff competencies on customer satisfaction with the role of moderator of situation 2. The population of this study were the customers of Hypermy store in Mashhad. The sampling of this study is using Cochran's formula and 385 customers, whose data were collected through the standard questionnaire of Palacius et al. (2020). The measurement of validity from the validity of the structure gave the validity of the validity and the validity of the structure and Cronbach's alpha test was used to measure the reliability coefficient and Cronbach's alpha test was validated for variables. In this study, smart pls software was used to test the hypotheses. Because the model has two modifiers, one of which is qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the interaction competency variable of queue employees has an effect on customer satisfaction. Also, the competency variable has an effect on customer satisfaction. Employee demand variable modulates the effect of queue staff competence on customer satisfaction, but queue employee demand variable does not moderate the effect of interaction competence on customer satisfaction. In addition, store swarm variable 6 moderates the effect of queue staff competence on customer satisfaction, but store swarm variable did not have a moderating effect on the effect of queue staff interaction competence on customer satisfaction. Therefore, hyperemia store managers should provide customer satisfaction with the hypermia store by training capable employees in providing information and customer-oriented behavior in the hyperemia store. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Temperature Management in 3D Network-on-Chips Using Simulated Annealing-Based Task Migration
M. Mohebbi Moghaddam S. H. Mir Mohammadi S. H. Mir Mohammadi

Combination of 3D stacking and network-on-chip (NoC), known as 3D NoC, has several advantages such as reduced propagation delay, chip area and interconnect, and power consumption, and bandwidth increase. Despite these advantages, 3D stacking causes the increased power d More

Combination of 3D stacking and network-on-chip (NoC), known as 3D NoC, has several advantages such as reduced propagation delay, chip area and interconnect, and power consumption, and bandwidth increase. Despite these advantages, 3D stacking causes the increased power density per chip area and subsequently increases the chip temperature. Temperature increase causes performance degradation and reliability reduction. Therefore, design of temperature management algorithms is essential for these systems. In this paper, we propose a task migration scheme for thermal management of 3D NoCs. The process of migration destinations for hot spots is an NP-complete problem which can be solved by using heuristic algorithms. To this end, we utilize a simulated annealing method in our algorithm. We consider migration overhead in addition to the temperature of the processing elements in migration destination selection process. Simulation results indicate up to 28 percentage peak temperature reduction, on average, for the benchmark that has the largest number of tasks. The proposed scheme has low migration overhead. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Torque and Flux Ripple Elimination in DTC Control of PMSM Motors using Duty Cycle Control of Voltage Vectors
V. Ghasemian S. A. Gholamian S. M. Mirimani

This paper presents a novel method for controlling torque and stator flux ripples in DTC control of PMSM motor. In contrast to conventional duty ratio modulation methods which do not pay attention to stator flux condition, the proposed method controls both torque and st More

This paper presents a novel method for controlling torque and stator flux ripples in DTC control of PMSM motor. In contrast to conventional duty ratio modulation methods which do not pay attention to stator flux condition, the proposed method controls both torque and stator flux RMS ripples using minimization of a proper two variable (stator flux and torque) objective function. After realizing that, flux related machine specifications such as circular stator flux vector trajectory and current waveform quality will be developed. For this purpose, in addition to torque dynamics in any DTC control cycle, stator flux dynamics will be studied. Using this, the condition of both torque and stator flux at the end of an applied voltage vector of inverter is predicted. Then, standard deviation of torque RMS ripple and that of stator flux is studied in any control cycle and the normalized sum of these two deviations will be considered as the objective function. Finally, a proper switching instant during any control cycle is calculated for minimizing the objective function. The proposed method is validated by MATLAB simulation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Model of Deontological Moral Education with Emphasis on Undesirable Behaviors in Kant's View (the Preventive Model)
shahnaz shahriari neisiani Reza Ali Nowrozi

This study aims to develop a preventive model of deontological moral education with an emphasis on undesirable behaviors in Kant's view. The methods used are descriptive-analytical and inferential methods based on Frankena's reconstructed model. According to the results More

This study aims to develop a preventive model of deontological moral education with an emphasis on undesirable behaviors in Kant's view. The methods used are descriptive-analytical and inferential methods based on Frankena's reconstructed model. According to the results, regarding the two categories of virtue tasks in Kant's view, namely, one's perfect duties towards himself/herself and imperfect duties (one's imperfect duties towards oneself and duties of virtue towards others), three types of undesirable behavior were identified in this view: behaviors violating one's perfect duties towards oneself, behaviors violating one's imperfect duties towards others, and abandonment of virtue that would lead to vice. Prevention as a dimension of moral education in the expanse of undesirable behaviors in Kant's system of moral education also has its principles and particular strategies. In such a manner that the two principles of respect for one's dignity and respect for the dignity of others, which are derived from the principles of rationality and the end of being human in one's self, constitute the principles governing strategies to prevent the initial emergence of undesirable behaviors. These strategies, which are educational strategies, for all three types of undesirable behavior, consisting of the two main strategies of forming a good character and caring for and reinforcing the character, which plays an important role in achieving Kant's goal of moral education, which is to have maximum moral virtue. Also, the connection of these strategies with the fundamentals and principles in the preventive model are specified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The duty of the people in front of the government from the perspective of Hazrat Yusuf and Imam Ali (peace be upon him)
Bibi Saeideh Shamrizi seed hamid shamerizi Shahrbanou Mahini

One of the most important issues in the divine government is following a just ruler who is based on the Islamic Shari'ah. So the people are obliged to obey him and observe the laws that are announced for implementation after their approval. The same basis exists in the More

One of the most important issues in the divine government is following a just ruler who is based on the Islamic Shari'ah. So the people are obliged to obey him and observe the laws that are announced for implementation after their approval. The same basis exists in the Holy Quran and especially in the rule of Hazrat Yusuf and the rule of Imam Ali (peace be upon her). According to verse 21 of Surah Al-Imran and many other verses of the Holy Quran, the result of disobeying the just ruler will be the limitation of a rebellious person's actions in this world and the punishment of the hereafter. One of the other important issues that is considered in this article is the duty of the people to the government for work and activities. In the life and rule of Hazrat Yusuf and especially Imam Ali peace be upon him, government officials and people were given special attention in performing their duties. With the responsibility that is given to Hazrat Yusuf (peace be upon him), due to the arrival of famine and readiness to deal with it, he puts himself and all the people of Egypt to work. During the reign of Imam Ali, peace be upon her, she also paid special attention to affairs and works, such as: The non-equality of the good and the bad, paying attention to merchants and controlling the market and prices, paying attention to the oppressed class and taking care of their affairs.It was emphasized not to make promises and to consider things big, not to break promises, not to hurry and not to be slow in some matters, etc. Manuscript profile

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