Tragedy

Open Access Article

1 - “D.r Ali Sharia’ti”’s Method and Skill of Expression about Ashura in Poetic Prose
seyedreza shakeri

This article explains functional and hermeneutic aspects of “Introduction” poetic prose of in speech of “Hussein, Inheritor of Adam” in work series No. 19 of Ali Sharia’ti. Here, “Introduction” is assumed as an independent literary work and close to a drama text that b More

This article explains functional and hermeneutic aspects of “Introduction” poetic prose of in speech of “Hussein, Inheritor of Adam” in work series No. 19 of Ali Sharia’ti. Here, “Introduction” is assumed as an independent literary work and close to a drama text that based on its theme and components carries functional works into audience and causes social action in its audience. In other hand, its hermeneutic aspect signifies author’s existential problems about human and destiny and helps audience understand historical role of author despite his efficiency. Ashura is the central axis in “Introduction” that carries two aspects of efficiency and hermeneutic in position of a tragic drama. This article explains its claim based on a mixed theoretical framework came to this conclusion that “Introduction” is located below “Kaviriat” based on its method and content and also in categorized as “Islamiat and Ejtema’yiat” and in this view it can be regarded to have features of a literary text. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Destiny - Centered Structure of Tragic Stories of Shahnameh
ایرج مهرکی khadijeh bahrami rahnama

The aim of this article is to show destiny - centered structure of tragic stories of Shahnameh. In tragedy, there is an inevitable thing that the hero of story is not able to prevent it, in order not to amortize him. It is called definite destiny or fate. All heroes of More

The aim of this article is to show destiny - centered structure of tragic stories of Shahnameh. In tragedy, there is an inevitable thing that the hero of story is not able to prevent it, in order not to amortize him. It is called definite destiny or fate. All heroes of tragic stories of Shahnameh, are defeated by it, and when they are faced with a network of cause and effect, despite all their attempts and determination, they admit defeat, and inevitability of their fate. So, they accept the order of destiny and believe that, whatever should be done, will be done and you have to accept it. So many elements form destiny- centered structure of the tragic stories of Shahnameh; ignoring just one of them will affect the whole work. Studying the elements will make it possible to analyze the structure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - 'Other' and its Function in the Stories of Shahnameh
كاظم دزفوليان راد

'Other' is a concept attentions to which were attracted through the works of scholars such as Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre (in philosophy) and Bakhtin (in literature). Attention to it provided new perspectives for philosophical and literary debates. Using Bakhtin's vi More

'Other' is a concept attentions to which were attracted through the works of scholars such as Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre (in philosophy) and Bakhtin (in literature). Attention to it provided new perspectives for philosophical and literary debates. Using Bakhtin's views, and the status of the 'Other' in his thinking system, the present article reads the stories of Shahnameh where Rostam is present, and offers new horizons to the readers. Considering presence or absence of the 'Other', the stories of shahnameh can be divided into three groups: a. The stories indicating exclusion or absence of the 'Other'. b. Shahnameh mostly consists of the stories of this type c. The stories stressing on non-absence and maintainance of the 'Other'. The only instance is the story of Rostam and Esfandyar, where the two opponents – both good and mythical – never wish the other to be excluded. d. The stories intermediating a & b types, like the story of Rostam and Sohrab containing the elements of both epic and tragedy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The status of civil rights based on dignity in the doctrine of responsibility to protect in the light of international law
Doagu Hossein Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi

Human rights and citizenship rights are derived from the inherent and natural rights of mankind, and they have received special attention throughout history. Although after more than half a century of United Nations life, in the era that we call the age of technology an More

Human rights and citizenship rights are derived from the inherent and natural rights of mankind, and they have received special attention throughout history. Although after more than half a century of United Nations life, in the era that we call the age of technology and communication, there are still many people from civil wars and ethnic strife, poverty and hunger, drought, lack of health, or even the most basic of living conditions. They lose their lives. The Doctrine of Responsibility for the Protection of Human Trafficking is a result of the widespread and systematic violations of fundamental human rights in the 1990s, as well as measures that provide a threat to peace reflected in the resolutions of the Security Council, in light of the Security Council's inherent duty of international peace and security, In fact, at the current stage, the response of the international community to the humanitarian disaster is reactive and passive. Still, there is a vacuum in the existence of a specific mechanism that can map the policy of a reasonable and yet reasonably effective and effective response to human crises. The "responsibility for protection" is, in fact, to provide a new, yet precisely-designed, strategy for the appropriate substitute for the "humanitarian intervention" challenge; the "responsibility for protection", however, is a completely different concept of humanitarian intervention. The set of actions to be taken under this doctrine includes three dimensions of responsibility for prevention, responsibility for responses and reconstruction responsibilities. This strictly humanitarian strategy is considered to protect and protect human rights and citizenship more and more. This strategy is a useful and effective solution for governments in crisis or crisis situations based on citizenship rights. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Challenges of two genres of tragedy and comedy from Avicenna's point of view according to Aristotle's poetic view
Farideh Daliri Esmail BaniArdalan Amir Maziyar

Aristotle's theory of poetry entered the realm of Iranian thought with the theme that the genres of tragedy and comedy seek to imitate and mimesis virtues and vices. Aristotle's treatise on poetry, despite its role in shaping Western theater, had no effect on the worl More

Aristotle's theory of poetry entered the realm of Iranian thought with the theme that the genres of tragedy and comedy seek to imitate and mimesis virtues and vices. Aristotle's treatise on poetry, despite its role in shaping Western theater, had no effect on the world of Persian poetry. It is necessary that the theater comes from the heart of Greek ontology is a reminder of the need for Iranian drama to have a poetic outlook on Iranian culture. This book has been translated and adapted many times as a reference treatise, and one of the most prominent adaptations is Avicenna's poetry. Although the Avicenna's poetry is a report on Aristotle's poetry, he did not merely suffice to summarize it. The fundamental feature of his work is dealing with the essence of poetry, imitation or imagination. His poetry has new features, points and theories. The fundamental motive of this research is to read Avicenna's approach to the Greek sage Poetics and to study his poetry based on the main genres of Aristotle's Poetics treatise. The passage to this goal with an analytical-descriptive approach and data collection method is a library in which the researcher has achieved the theories of two Greek and Iranian scholars with the intention of Avicenna in writing iranian poetry poetics Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The components of Aristotelian tragedy in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh
shirin ghaderi Mirjalaluddin Kazazi خلیل بیگ‌زاده

<p>Tragedy as a kind of dramatic literature is one of the most important components of Aristotle's thought in the philosophy of art and his book " Poetics". According to Aristotle, the first person to explain its constituent parts, tragedy has several components that he More

<p>Tragedy as a kind of dramatic literature is one of the most important components of Aristotle's thought in the philosophy of art and his book " Poetics". According to Aristotle, the first person to explain its constituent parts, tragedy has several components that help to understand tragedy as well as possible, and it has characteristics that create balance and spiritual balance in the viewer, and put it in a higher place than the epic. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh has stories that can be measured with the components of Aristotelian tragedy and understand its hidden dimensions. This research aims to explain the components of Aristotelian tragedy in the Shahnameh with a descriptive-analytical method, and it has shown that there are many of these components in the Shahnameh that are in line with Aristotle's opinions in the Poetic, although some minor differences can be seen, which are rooted in fundamental differences such as literary genre, cultural, climatic, religious differences, etc.</p> Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - A comparative study of the plague of greed and greed in educational Masnavas with an approach to the Tragedy of Attar and Maulana's spiritual Masnava
Mojtaba Arefkhani farzad abasi mahbobehe Zia Khodadadian

In the explanation of moral foundations and concepts, especially moral vices, the most useful categories are in the expression of definition, cause and treatment methods. What is evident in the expression of greed and greed in the view of these two mystics and poets is More

In the explanation of moral foundations and concepts, especially moral vices, the most useful categories are in the expression of definition, cause and treatment methods. What is evident in the expression of greed and greed in the view of these two mystics and poets is the benefit, citation and attention to Quranic concepts and Islamic narrations. It is in this context that both mystics consider greed and greed in human existence as other institutional instincts in his nature and nature, with the difference that Maulavi points to two types of greed, acceptable and reprehensible, but Attar relies on the reprehensibility of this trait. Condemnation of greed and greed and advice Avoiding it by remembering death and remembering God and having contentment is common in the words of both poets. Maulavi's different view on greed is to pay attention to greed and the consequences of it. Maulavi has given a more detailed description of greed and greed than Attar in Masnavi, which of course It is not possible to make small mistakes on the book of calamities, which is smaller than Masnavi. Manuscript profile

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