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        1 - Assessing Social Entrepreneurship Criteria in Rural Tourism Development: A Case Study of Gilan Province, Iran
        Hamed Fallah Tafti Fatemeh Doozandehziabary Asghar  Nabil
        In today’s world, finding practical solutions to deal with rural developments is required for the survival of the villages. On the other hand, many countries consider tourism as the economic driving force, setting as the main strategy in developing appropriate plans for More
        In today’s world, finding practical solutions to deal with rural developments is required for the survival of the villages. On the other hand, many countries consider tourism as the economic driving force, setting as the main strategy in developing appropriate plans for rural development. To this end, social entrepreneurship and tourism are given specific priority, the promotion of which could prepare the grounds for the development and progress of rural areas. Therefore, considering the fact that social entrepreneurship criteria are of great importance in rural tourism development and that few studies have so far been conducted on the assessment of the effectiveness of such criteria in fulfilling the development goals, this study sought to investigate social entrepreneurship criteria in rural tourism development in Gilan province, Iran. To this end, first, the criteria for social entrepreneurship in tourism were identified by reviewing the related literature. Then, a researcher-developed questionnaire was administered to thirty-five entrepreneurs, experts, and professionals in the field of tourism with at least five years of working experience who were selected via snowball sampling to identify the significance of each criterion with regard to the other ones. Finally, the investigated criteria were ranked using Interpretive structural modeling (ISM). According to the findings of the study, nine levels were identified for the ranking of the investigated criteria, with the ninth level, that is belief in entrepreneurship and the creative use of resources, being the most influential social entrepreneurship criteria involved in rural tourism development in Gilan province. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Social Formulation of Value System for Women Social Entrepreneurs
        Mona Emami Talieh Khademian Mostafa Karbasioun Abazar Ashtari Mehrjardi
        Social entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despi More
        Social entrepreneurship is an interdisciplinary concept that has been proposed in the fields of management, economics, psychology, and sociology. It can be an appropriate solution to solve social problems and an impetus for social changes and economic development. Despite the significant research conducted in the field of women's social entrepreneurship, the need was observed to conduct a research in the field of social entrepreneurship literature. Therefore, in this article, we are looking for a social formulation from a framework called the value system of women social entrepreneurs. The method used is content analysis, and the most important results obtained express that the internalized values of ethics of care, benevolence, equality, and self-reliance form part of the prosocial identity of women social entrepreneurs and their organizational/interpersonal relationships. These values create the value system of female social entrepreneurs in the face of the socio-cultural background of the outer space. Manuscript profile