Islamic Republic of Iran

Open Access Article

1 - Globalization and Penetration Crisis in Islamic Republic of Iran
hassan abniki

The crisis is the one of crucial concepts in political and social science and all of the states confront with it somehow. The states should test different strategies for solving the crisis. Because, unfamiliarity with the crisis can confront the state with different ins More

The crisis is the one of crucial concepts in political and social science and all of the states confront with it somehow. The states should test different strategies for solving the crisis. Because, unfamiliarity with the crisis can confront the state with different institutional and non-institutional problems and make their legitimacy and efficiency unstable. Islamic Republic of Iran is one of these states and we want to survey globalization’s critical effect on its efficiency with reference to penetration’s crisis in this research. In fact, we tend to explain how globalization can produce penetration’s crisis in Islamic Republic of Iran. The used method is descriptive-analytical and used for the clarification of the problem from institutionalism view point. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Political Economy of State Developmentalism in Iran: A Study of Douglas North's Theory of Open and Restricted Access in the Islamic Republic
Ali Ranjbarki

This article explains the developmentalist status of political rule in the period of the Islamic Republic of Iran using the institutional theory of open and limited access "Douglas North". According to North, the elites and political rulers (ruling coalition) in a socie More

This article explains the developmentalist status of political rule in the period of the Islamic Republic of Iran using the institutional theory of open and limited access "Douglas North". According to North, the elites and political rulers (ruling coalition) in a society have two ways of forming social order and controlling violence. On the one hand, the open access system, which has impersonal rules and regulations, the rule of law and productive rent-seeking, which guarantees public access to society's resources and assets. And, on the other hand, the limited access system, which seeks to establish personal and private relationships and rules, sheikh and disciple (Murid &Morad) networks, unproductive rent-seeking and restricting the access of others to the resources and assets of society. Empirical evidence shows that open access systems guarantee and accelerate the achievement of economic development. Restricted access systems are not inherently developmental because economic development conflicts with the personal and group interests of the ruling coalition. Hence, political rule does not make a serious effort to address the problems and shortcomings in the path of economic development. In Iran, with the formation of the Islamic Revolution, the ground was opened for further opening of the social access system. But over time, with the occurrence of various internal and external events, political rule tended to limit the country's social system. This led to a special group of Islamists (traditional and fundamentalist right) becoming the dominant coalition of the country and using various strategies and policies to try to gain access to the sources of power and assets of the country in a centralized and exclusive way. Under these institutional conditions, the behavior of the country's political rulers is shaped in such a way that their main goal is to maintain the current political system in order to guarantee monopoly and centralized power and maximum access to the country's resources and assets. Therefore, increasing and allocating unproductive rents from oil revenues and government monopolies to groups affiliated with the ruling coalition, establishing personal and private relations and organizations, and restricting the participation and access of other groups to the economic and political resources of the country are the dominant coalition strategies. These strategies hinder the continuation and acceleration of economic development in the country. Thus, the behavior and plans of political rulers are not developmental. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A Review of Knowledge-Based Economy: from the Formation to the Action; Case study: knowledge-based Economy in Iran
Abdollah Elm Khah Mahdi Sadeghi Shahdani

10.7508/jstpi.2015.04.003

Theorists have predicted the emergence of the new economic era in which knowledge is the main source of wealth and economic output. In other words, in a new era, the economy is getting away from the resource-based method and is getting close to the knowledge-based one. More

Theorists have predicted the emergence of the new economic era in which knowledge is the main source of wealth and economic output. In other words, in a new era, the economy is getting away from the resource-based method and is getting close to the knowledge-based one. Knowledge-based economy formed based on the production, distribution and application of knowledge and information. Therefore, investing in knowledge and knowledge-based industries got particular attentions. This paper reviews the literatures of knowledge-based economy due to its importance, and the emphasis of The Supreme Leader on special attentions of policy makers to implementation of it based on upstream documents. This article is provided according to the analytical and descriptive method based on available documents. The knowledge-based economy is addressed in the course of economic ideas, theories of knowledge-based economy, definitions, characteristics, advantages, elements, measuring indicators, policies of the knowledge-based economy in Iran, situation of Knowledge-based economy in Iran based on World Bank Index. At the end conclusion is presented. The results show that the fulfilling of the knowledge-based economy requires trained and skilled workforce, supportive government policies, making reform in society culture, efficient innovation system, indigenous knowledge, ICT, institutional and government stimulus, supporting intellectual property rights and so on. Although the World Bank 2005 report shows that there was a very significant imbalance between the indicators. By government efforts, the imbalance was declined slightly in 2007 and according to the latest World Bank report in 2012, Iran with an average 3/91 has gained the rank of 94 between 146 countries in terms of the knowledge-based economy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - An Introduction to the Empowerment of the Judiciary in Citizen Participation in the Light of the Revival of Public Rights
Hossein Abdi Vali Rostami

"City" is the main context of the current and future developments and challenges of the country, which can be observed and predicted in relation to the government institution with market and society institutions. Continuation of current challenges, weakening the areas More

"City" is the main context of the current and future developments and challenges of the country, which can be observed and predicted in relation to the government institution with market and society institutions. Continuation of current challenges, weakening the areas of citizen participation and preventing future challenges, in addition to other tools, requires citizen participation. the condition living conditions in the city is the participation of citizens in the management of the city and its end is to guarantee the rights of citizens and regulate their role in the city. Research considers the participation component to be an important priority for city management. The judiciary, is compatible with the rights of citizens and the groundwork for their participation in the administration of cities, and is one of the requirements for good urban governance. This article deals with a legal issue, descriptively-analytically and meta-analytically, to analyze and pathology the possibility of fulfilling the mission subject to paragraph (2) of Article 156 of the Constitution (revival of public rights) in order to ensure citizens' rights Their trust in the institution of power and the basis for their participation in the administration of cities based on the index, the way of development and evolution of the judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the tradition of public law of contemporary Iran, and concludes that the fulfillment of this mission Based on the above index and in the existing governance paradigm, desire to refuse and in order to create the conditions for the possibility of reviving public rights , we need to renew the discourse and "change the paradigm". Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Role of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Regional and International Institutions
Nasrin Mosaffa جواد امین‌منصور

With the emergence of transnational and multilateral arrangements as major means of international negotiations and cooperation, questions have arisen about membership and participation in such arrangements: how to interact with them, and how to assess the impact of tran More

With the emergence of transnational and multilateral arrangements as major means of international negotiations and cooperation, questions have arisen about membership and participation in such arrangements: how to interact with them, and how to assess the impact of transnational institutions on national interests of member states. The present paper reviews the theoretical frameworks related to this issue before analyzing the role of the Islamic Republic of Iran in regional and international institutions and discussing the necessity of establishing a desirable and effective relations with international organizations. In doing this, the experience and scope of the presence and activities of the Islamic Republic of Iran in these organizations have been divided into three periods: from the victory of the Islamic Revolution to the end of the Iraq’s war against Iran in 1988; from 1989 to 2004, and from 2004 up to the present time. The paper enumerates common features of these three periods as well as their differences to delineate an overall picture of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy with relation to regional and international institutions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Opportunities and constraints of Islamic Republic of Iran’s NAM Chairmanship
محمود خاني جوي‌آباد مصطفی زهرانی

While enumerating the strengths and weaknesses of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), out of all the existing hypotheses about the role and functions of this mechanism, the present paper focuses on the possibility of optimizing the function and accelerating, if possible, th More

While enumerating the strengths and weaknesses of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), out of all the existing hypotheses about the role and functions of this mechanism, the present paper focuses on the possibility of optimizing the function and accelerating, if possible, the restructuring of NAM, especially by taking advantage of the chairmanship of the Islamic Republic of Iran over the next three years. It offers a number of contextual and applied proposals in order to explore and analyze this hypothesis. The paper concludes that following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the NAM has been increasingly marginalized. Prominent members of the movement, including India, Indonesia (both among founding members of the NAM), South Africa and even Saudi Arabia have been assimilated in the G-20 group. Other big powers like China, Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico (which are Member States of the G-20 and Observer Members of the NAM) are under tremendous pressure and have, willingly or unwillingly, become more and more inclined toward peaceful coexistence with the hegemonic powers. As a result, they have gradually distanced themselves from the original ideals of the movement and even worse, have not been able to maintain their commitment to the principles and goals of the NAM, especially as Member States of the NAM which are also Member States of the United Nations Security Council. Meanwhile, the Islamic Republic of Iran pursues a unique approach to realizing the principles and goals of the movement. The paper examines some proposals to evaluate the quality of Iran’s impact on the movement as chairman of the 16th Conference of the NAM and a member of its Troika. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Position of International Organizations in Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
hosien karimifard

The position of international organizations in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran has differed according to the identity system adopted by the Iranian officials in various periods of time and their viewpoints about the nature and functions of internation More

The position of international organizations in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran has differed according to the identity system adopted by the Iranian officials in various periods of time and their viewpoints about the nature and functions of international organizations and institutions. Since 1979 up to the present time, the experience has proven that when Iran has had positive interaction with international organizations, it has been in a better position to guarantee its security and national interests, and cooperation with international organizations in different fields has provided Iran's political, economic and cultural diplomacy with opportunities. On the other hand, a confrontational approach to international organizations has created various challenges and problems in various fields for the country and has damaged the international prestige of the Iranian government. This study reviews position of international organizations in the foreign policy of Iran from 1979 to 2003. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Impact of Iran's Permanent Membership in the Shanghai Organization on Its Geopolitical Weight in the Central Asia
Hamid Hakim Mahboubeh Iran nia

Capacities of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Considering the membership of two of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (Russia and China) in this organization, having more than a third of the world's population, considerable size, large capacitie More

Capacities of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Considering the membership of two of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (Russia and China) in this organization, having more than a third of the world's population, considerable size, large capacities and abundant capabilities, promises a potentially strong coalition. Due to the permanent membership of the Islamic Republic of Iran in this organization, it seems that examining the consequences of Iran's membership in this organization in the form of explaining the opportunities and challenges of membership, can Facilitate policy making in foreign policy of Iran about this issue. This study suggests that Iran's permanent membership in this organization can increase Iran's geopolitical weight in the region and bring political, economic and security benefits to Iran. Based on this, first, we study the theoretical explanation of formation and continuation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and then while analyzing the reasons for non-membership of the Islamic Republic of Iran to now; the consequences of permanent membership in the current situation in this organization are examined. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Geopolitical, political, historical and cultural relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran with present-day Iraqi Kurdistan
Iman Anvari pour

Undoubtedly, the geopolitical, political, historical and cultural situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran with the current Iraqi Kurdistan in terms of economic, political, cultural and. . . Intertwined in the context of history; In such a way that the fusion between t More

Undoubtedly, the geopolitical, political, historical and cultural situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran with the current Iraqi Kurdistan in terms of economic, political, cultural and. . . Intertwined in the context of history; In such a way that the fusion between these domains can be seen in the new era. One of the regions that is highly influential and important in the new Iraq is the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, which in the light of geopolitical realities, has made it necessary to examine the opportunities and challenges facing the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present study states the geopolitical, political, historical and cultural relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran with present-day Iraqi Kurdistan. Opportunities and challenges for c. ا. Iran should lay the groundwork. The present research is a qualitative method with a descriptive and analytical approach. The results of the study confirm the fact that the geopolitical, political, historical and cultural relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran with modern-day Iraqi Kurdistan can be effective in threatening security and securing the interests of both parties. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The challenges of the discourse of the Islamic revolution in the face of the generation of the eighties; A case study, the fields of economic entrepreneurship, intellectualism and political governance
Meisam Ghahreman hadi keshavarz

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The Challenges of the Discourse of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in Relation to the Generation of the 1980s: A Case Study of Economic Entrepreneurship, Intellectualism, and Political Governance       Meisam Ghahraman<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1">* </a>   Hadi Keshavarz<a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2">**</a>   Religious governments such as the Islamic Republic of Iran require, on one hand, profound meanings derived from specific Islamic epistemological arguments for their effective reproduction, while on the other hand, they need legal subjects who are persuaded by these epistemic meanings. However, in today's acute reality, with the emergence of generations possessing fluid and virtual identities, deep epistemological meanings across various domains face serious challenges, gradually diminishing their role in human life. Accordingly, this article aims to investigate the changes occurring in three areas—economic entrepreneurship, intellectualism, and political governance—by focusing on the characteristics of the generation of the 1980s, which rarely occupy legal and epistemic positions due to their fluidity and virtuality. Following this analysis, we will address the transformations that the discourse of the Islamic Revolution must undergo in these emerging conditions. Overall, the findings indicate that the fading of deep epistemological meanings among the generation of the 1980s not only marginalizes the general epistemological discussions of intellectuals but also creates space for the emergence of specific intellectuals. In the economic domain, this shift results in the formation of a startup economy and the emergence of a new and high-risk type of entrepreneurship known as chain entrepreneurship. Consequently, in the realm of political governance, the need for low-cost and efficient governance over the subjects of the 1980s necessitates a departure from general and epistemological rules, transforming Islamic governance into Islamic governance management.       Keywords: eneration of the 1980s, Epistemological Approach (Transcendental Method), Non-Epistemological Approach (Inherently Methodological), Specific Intellectual, Islamic Republic of Iran.         <span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /> <div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1">* Corresponding Author: Research Assistant Professor of Islamic Revolution Historical Studies Department (Islamic Revolution Documentation Center), Iran</a>. Meisam.ghahreman@gmail.com ** PhD in Political Sociology, University of Tehran, Iran. h_keshavarz@ut.ac.ir </div> <div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"> <a style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title="" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2">** Ph.D in Political Sociology, University of Tehran, Iran. </a> <a href="mailto:h_keshavarz@ut.ac.ir">h_keshavarz@ut.ac.ir</a> </div> </div>   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Ruling Divorce: Quranic Principles and Reasons
Seyyed MohammadKazem Hoseini Faezeh Moghtadaee

Women's Rights and the Issue of Women's Rights in Divorce in the commentaries on verses 228 to 241 of Surah Al-Baqarah, there are common concepts and interpretations between Shiite and Sunni jurists. The two well-known concepts of abstinence in the interpretations of th More

Women's Rights and the Issue of Women's Rights in Divorce in the commentaries on verses 228 to 241 of Surah Al-Baqarah, there are common concepts and interpretations between Shiite and Sunni jurists. The two well-known concepts of abstinence in the interpretations of the differences refer to the divorce of the Shari'a and the right of a woman to divorce in times of hardship. The famous word is used 38 times in the Holy Quran, 15 of which are related to family and marriage. In verses 228 to 241 of Surah Al-Baqarah, the famous word is repeated 12 times and emphasizes the importance of rulings such as' iddah, divorce, breastfeeding, etc., so that it does not exceed the shari'ah limits and is treated according to the famous (confirmation of sharia and custom). The legal provisions of the Civil Code of the Islamic Republic of Iran are also taken from the verses related to divorce and include the well-known principles in women's rights and divorce and allow the rulers to issue a divorce decree if the conditions for this type of divorce are approved. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Explaining the components of increasing the economic power of the Islamic Republic of Iran with emphasis on the role of science and technology
مهدی رعایائی

The role of knowledge in achieving economic growth cannot be denied, and the country's dependence on the knowledge of foreigners is one of the main obstacles in the field of realizing a strong economy. Because economic empowerment in every era and in every country is de More

The role of knowledge in achieving economic growth cannot be denied, and the country's dependence on the knowledge of foreigners is one of the main obstacles in the field of realizing a strong economy. Because economic empowerment in every era and in every country is dependent on the scientific and technological power of that society. Therefore, to the extent that the country can access new technologies, it will be able to increase its position of economic power and, consequently, its military and political power. Of course, technology should be used in a practical way to strengthen the economic power of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This research seeks to explain the mechanism governing the economy and technology in a way that provides the basis for increasing economic power. Therefore, based on this approach, the main features and components of creating and increasing economic power are expressed with emphasis on the role of science and technology. The results of the research, which were obtained by descriptive analytical method and using library resources, document analysis and research and development, indicate that elements such as mosaic economic system, workshop production line, adopting the approach of increasing the intensity of knowledge, injecting knowledge in all dimensions Production, distribution and consumption, endogeneity of science and technology production and creation of knowledge-based ecosystem are among the most important of these factors. Manuscript profile

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