List of Articles Cloning

• Open Access Article
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  1 - Identifying Cloned Profiles on Online Social Networks by Identifying Nodes in Overlapping Communities and User Interactions
  Zahra Hamzehzadeh
  With the growing popularity of social networks, identifying Profile Cloning Attacks (PCAs) is an important challenge within the scope of privacy in the communications world. Until now, researchers have identified these attacks by using features such as profile informati More

  With the growing popularity of social networks, identifying Profile Cloning Attacks (PCAs) is an important challenge within the scope of privacy in the communications world. Until now, researchers have identified these attacks by using features such as profile information, link information, and interactions information that are based on methods like similarities and network structure. Previously suggested approaches lack specific routine and logic to track an attacker, and begin identifying PCAs with victim direct requests or according to the time of a friend request from an attacker. This research offers a new approach with a total of two major steps. Step one emphasizes that  legitimate users are attracted to interactions within their local communities; conversely, attackers are attracted to more dense areas. Step two was designed according to the analysis of the interactive behavior that is obtained from users 'earlier research. With this approach, according to a logic based on network structure, search cloned profiles can be identified.   Finally, a list of suspicious nodes to cloned nodes has been introduced with their scores that show the accuracy of selection. During the research, a logical relation between the average degrees of social network graph and the selection of the appropriate suspicious nodes with high priority was extracted. Finally, a general framework is proposed. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - Cloning of Streptococcal pyogenes Exotoxin, A gene in E. coli
  Elham Siasi Mitra Salehi Simin Mirjalili
  Aim and Background: Exotoxin A is one of the toxins which produce by group a streptococcuses. This Toxin is a protein soluble substance which causes scarlet fever and different kinds of infections as a super antigen. This toxin has antigenic property and special anti-to More

  Aim and Background: Exotoxin A is one of the toxins which produce by group a streptococcuses. This Toxin is a protein soluble substance which causes scarlet fever and different kinds of infections as a super antigen. This toxin has antigenic property and special anti-toxins can neutralize it. In this research, was studied production of Streptococcus pyogenes exotoxin A recombinant protein in E. coli by cloning. Materials and methods: At the first, genome of the bacteria was extracted and used PCR. Then agarose gel electrophoresis was performed for detection of size and quality of the resulting amplicons. According to TA Cloning kit protocol, the target gene was inserted in to the PTG19 Cloning vector and the recombinant plasmid was inserted in to the E. coli XL1Blue bacteria. Eventually checking the sequencing data obtained from cloned gene in the vectore compared with the refrenece sequenece obtained from the NCBI database, confirm the success of the gene cloning by its correct sequence. Results: The results showed that PCR product is a fragment with a length of about 708 bais pairs. This is for the first time that the exotoxin A gene was cloned by the TA Cloning in the PTG19 Cloning vector and the E. coli XL1Blue host cell. The results of sequencing were confirmed presence of exotoxine A gene, speA. Conclusion: The speA gene was amplified and correct cloning was confirmed by TA Cloning with PTG19 vector and E. coli XL1Blue host cell. Manuscript profile