List of Articles پدافند غیرعامل

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  1 - Analysis of urban vulnerability passive defense in regional Cities a case study in Gorgan
           
  Today, the comprehensive crisis management programs and projects Application of Passive Defense before, the intensity of the extent of the losses caused by such risks are significantly reduced. The measures to reduce the risk is to apply the principles of passive defens More

  Today, the comprehensive crisis management programs and projects Application of Passive Defense before, the intensity of the extent of the losses caused by such risks are significantly reduced. The measures to reduce the risk is to apply the principles of passive defense, as well as to apply these measures can be used to reduce risk to natural hazards and man-made helpful. However, due to our country's geographical and political situation is always at risk of natural hazards and man-made threats (war) has been and heavy human casualties and financial losses incurred. Therefore and considering the importance of research, the aim of this study was to assess the vulnerability of utility with passive defense approach in Gorgan is the purpose of descriptive - analytical and field studies and subsequent zoning and overlay data layers ( IndexOverlay) software is used GIS spatial analysis. In this study, using five criteria of access, population density, dispersion police stations 10+, building density and spatial distribution of critical facilities Gorgan and delineate them and finally made use of overlapping layers, It was found that the northwestern city of Gorgan to focus on vital installations such as electricity distribution companies Province, the national broadcast of petroleum products and the District of vulnerability is more in need of measures, planned in the framework of passive defense is . Manuscript profile
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  2 - Urban Shelter Site selection with Passive Defense Approach
       
  Nowadays “Passive Defense” is very important in urban management and Militarism, because we can reduce damages from enemies attack by complying with its rules. Making urban shelters is one of important actions to reduce human casualties. Making urban shelters have its r More

  Nowadays “Passive Defense” is very important in urban management and Militarism, because we can reduce damages from enemies attack by complying with its rules. Making urban shelters is one of important actions to reduce human casualties. Making urban shelters have its rules. Finding the best place in city is one of these rules which should be complied. The shelter must be created in place that people can reach very fast in the crisis. In this paper urban shelter site-selecting implemented using multi criteria decision making algorithms with passive defense approaches. In the first step, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used in order to determine the weight of each criterion. Then, we use fuzzy logic functions to produce fuzzificated factor maps. Finally, we utilize TOPSIS algorithm to evaluate all the points of city and create assessment map. Zahedan (in the southeast in Iran) is chosen as case study. In this paper 39 layers (map) gathered and categorized into 15 factor. Most weight is dedicated to “Distance from important points” (23 %) and lowest weight is dedicated to “slope” (1 %). The results shows most areas in the east and the north and center of the city are not suitable places to build urban shelters since several inappropriate factors like “Distance to fault” , “Distance to Old buildings” , “Distance to dangerous area” , “Distance to rivers” , “Distance to under waters” and “Distance to high voltages power lines” are focused in these areas and intensify the effect of each other’s. And the west area in the city (and some small limited areas in northeast and southeast) is suitable for urban shelter. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Sustainable development of small bio-complexes in aspect of passive defense (A case study on Buin Zahra City)
     
  Cities are one of the most important and densely populated human habitats and require the physical safety and security of the infrastructure as well as sustainability and resistance in counter with natural disasters and enemies threats. Passive defense subject is one of More

  Cities are one of the most important and densely populated human habitats and require the physical safety and security of the infrastructure as well as sustainability and resistance in counter with natural disasters and enemies threats. Passive defense subject is one of the issues that has been considered by planners and Iranian cities planners in recent years. Urban planning has a variety of dimensions, which, considered with regard to their protection and sustainability therefore will be a great benefit in critical situations, The present research conducts to use the inactive principles of urban planning, with emphasis on residential and critical uses in small-scale cities and protecting urban spaces by providing them by defensive role also, how to protect and defend people and their places of life by enforcing the rules and considerations of passive defense in present and future. In addition, it provides grounds for the better security and stability of the city with the least possible damage during the time of the foreign invasion and even terrorist operations. In the present research, analysis have been done using GIS tools on distribution strategic locations of Buin Zahra city as a small town scale where is located in the vicinity of the Iran capital and as result and central areas of the city and Southwest margins were detected as unsafe and critical areas threats. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Designing an Integrated Management Model of Passive Environmental Defense for Drinking Water Supply in Rasht Metropolis
  Seyed Abbas Asadi mozhgan zaeimdar Seyed Ali Jozi
  Protecting the drinking water supply chain of metropolises is one of the important issues that all countries should always pay attention to, because any incident in this supply chain can cause irreparable damages. The purpose of this study is to design an integrated man More

  Protecting the drinking water supply chain of metropolises is one of the important issues that all countries should always pay attention to, because any incident in this supply chain can cause irreparable damages. The purpose of this study is to design an integrated management pattern of passive environmental defense in the field of drinking water supply. The current research is in the category of fundamental studies based on the purpose, and used integrated management of passive environmental defense to investigate the integrated management of passive environmental defense of supply sources, treatment plants, transmission lines and drinking water storage tanks in Rasht metropolis. Data collection was done through interviews with experts, and finally, 14 experts were selected among environmental management professors and water experts by snowball sampling method so that the views reach theoretical saturation. MAXQDA 2020 software was used for text analysis, coding (open, central and selective) and categorization and generation of categorical networks. Evaluating the views regarding solutions to reduce and deal with environmental threats in different stages of water supply in Rasht metropolis showed that the solutions can be considered from five aspects of infrastructure, policy making, cultural, technical and human. Finally, according to the data base theory and Strauss and Corbin’s model, the final model of the integrated management of passive environmental defense of drinking water supply in Rasht metropolis including causal conditions, main category, intervening conditions, background factors, strategies and consequences were presented. Manuscript profile