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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Community-based tourism development with an emphasis on aspects of local ethnic; Case Study of Kermanshah
           
        The process of globalization through the creation of cultural assimilation attempts to expand markets for the production of similar goods in the form of scales. In practice, the pressure to eliminate ethnic subcultures past few years has led to resistance that indicates More
        The process of globalization through the creation of cultural assimilation attempts to expand markets for the production of similar goods in the form of scales. In practice, the pressure to eliminate ethnic subcultures past few years has led to resistance that indicates intense desire to create dependency cultures, ethnic identity to avoid elimination. Iran is the most obvious examples of cultural diversity, ethnic, linguistic and religious in the world that, unlike most multi-ethnic countries, local ethnic diversity or cultural mosaic of indigenous and native of the area. Kermanshah city with so much power development, with strong ethnic community can be the background of ethnic tourism markets. Kurdish ethnicity is cross-border continuity that can be regional in scope commodification (tourism, media, etc.). The issue of how ethnic powers to achieve the objectives of social development at the local, regional and national benefit is important. Methods applied research - development and data collecting field and library. Urban population of 40 managers and 340 are tourists. Overall, most respondent's ethnic profiles of influential cultural ethnic tourism development in the city of Kermanshah in poor and middle-assessed. Chi-square test results in the desired quantity survey in evaluating community-based tourism development with an emphasis on local ethnic aspect is significant in Kermanshah. Since the amount of (sig) or smaller than the significance level corresponding to that test is (<p 05/0). Thus, according to the amount of x2 as well as degrees of freedom equal to 4 and 0 can be concluded significant level of local ethnic tourism is an influential role in the development of community-based tourism. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Evaluate the impact of tourism potentials in the development of infrastructure and creation of creative city (Case Study of Kermanshah)
        mohsaen shaterian   mohsaen shaterian
        Tourism is known as clean and dynamic industry that in the case of development it has benefits such as increasing social justice and increasing employment in the society and in the case of urban infrastructures they develop more. City as the highest manifestation of col More
        Tourism is known as clean and dynamic industry that in the case of development it has benefits such as increasing social justice and increasing employment in the society and in the case of urban infrastructures they develop more. City as the highest manifestation of collective life has always been exposed to applying different and sometimes inconsistent creative taste of architecture and urban designers. As Mumford believes that there is many initial relationships that they lead to social innovation and creativity in life. Creative city is a new and noteworthy subject in the domain of urbanism and it has pivotal role in the growth and development of cities. The emergence and spread of the idea of creative city is an evidence of this claim. The intense competition among cities as tourism destinations has forced cities to find solutions to be differentiated from other cities and tourism destinations Therefore; the development of tourism is one of the main and secure ways to achieve creative cities. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of potentials in the development of infrastructures in the formation of the creative city in Kermanshah city. The research method is analytical-descriptive and the main instrument of gathering data is questionnaire. Statistical population of the study is residents of Kermanshah city. In order to analyzing the result of questionnaire, the structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS software is used and for obtaining the needed map, the GIS software is used. The results showed that tourism potentials are effective in the development of infrastructures and the formation of the creative city in the Kermanshah city. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - assessment of tropospheric NO2 changes in Kermanshah using OMI sensor and its relationship with meteorological parameters
        Rasoul Bagherabadi
        Today, the increase and development of urbanization, industrial activities and the consumption of fossil fuels have increased air pollution in large cities. One of the indicators of air pollution is nitrogen dioxide. In this paper, the trend of changes in the concentrat More
        Today, the increase and development of urbanization, industrial activities and the consumption of fossil fuels have increased air pollution in large cities. One of the indicators of air pollution is nitrogen dioxide. In this paper, the trend of changes in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide related to the troposphere in the city of Kermanshah in the period 2006 to 2018 is presented. In this study, the monthly concentrations of nitrogen dioxide obtained show that the highest amount of nitrogen dioxide occurs in winter and the lowest amount occurs in summer. As the highest amount of nitrogen dioxide occurs in January and the lowest amount occurs in June, meteorological conditions can increase the severity and extent of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide pollution. The results of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide concentration with meteorological parameters showed that the correlation coefficient of Pearson nitrogen dioxide with wind and surface temperature are inversely related, respectively. Reductions an OMI sensor was used to monitor nitrogen dioxide. In this study, nitrogen dioxide using an OMI sensor in February and July 2016 showed that the amount of nitrogen dioxide was higher in February and lower in July. Manuscript profile