Chinese activism in ASEAN; Efforts to maintain asymmetric economic dependence
Subject Areas : PoliticsMorteza Noor Mohammadi 1 , Vahid Sharbati 2 , Mohaddese Heidari 3
1 -
2 -
3 -
Keywords: ASEANChinaEconomic DevelopmentSouth China SeaSoutheast Asiaasymmetric economic dependence,
Abstract :
Despite all the opposition of members international organizations against China, over the past decade, Beijing has reached significant influence in international and regional organizations and is trying to improve It’s status in these organizations by shaping norms, rules and regulations. One of the most important regional organizations that has received a lot of attention from the Chinese authorities is ASEAN. An organization that can provide many benefits to Beijing. China's interests are now more intertwined with the ASEAN region than ever before; Relations between China and the union has become one of the most complex in the Asia-Pacific region and have recently seen positive changes in both the economic and political dimensions. Of course, the China’s interests of this deepening relationship have outweighed those of the ASEAN members, and this has become one of the concerns of Union officials in recent years. This article tries to examine the type of Chinese action in this regional organization based on the theory of asymmetric economic dependence. According to the article, China seeks to maintain and Promote ASEAN's asymmetric dependence on itself through the promotion of political and economic cooperation, and to prevent regional and international competitors from gaining strength in this organization.
فارسی
دهقانی فیروزآبادی سیدجلال، سلیمی حسین، منادی‌زاده محمدحسین (1398). «روابط هند و آمریکا از منظر وابستگی متقابل» دوفصلنامه پژوهشنامه ایرانی سیاست بین‌الملل، بهار و تابستان. صص. 104 ـ 67
سازمند بهاره، رمضانی احمد (1398). «جایگاه چین و ژاپن در سیاست اقتصادی آسه‌آن». دوفصلنامه مطالعات اقتصاد سیاسی بین‌الملل، ۲ (۲)، پاییز و زمستان، صص 426-447.
قربانی، وحید (1399)، «نهادسازی و رژیم سازی منطقه‌ای چین؛ اقدامی برای ساخت نظم جدید منطقه‌ای»، فصلنامه امنیت بین‌الملل، ویژه‌نامه چین (24)، صص 20-28.
English Source
Yuen Foong Khong. (2014). Primacy or World Order? The United States and China’s Rise-A Review Essay, International Security, Vol. 38, No. 3, Winter 2113–2114, pp. 161–164.
Ash, T. G. (2012). The Crisis of Europe: How the Union Came Together and Why It's Falling Apart. Foreign Aff. 91, 2.
Bower, Ernest. (2012). China Reveals Its Hand on ASEAN in Phnomn Penh, Washington, D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, July 21, 2112.
Burchill, S. Linklater, A. Devetak, R. Donnelly, J. Nardin, T. Paterson, M. & True, J. (2013). Theories of international relations. Macmillan International Higher Education.
Carr, E. H. (1945). Nationalism and after. Macmillan.
Caselli, F. Centeno, M. & Tavares, J. (Eds.). (2016). After the Crisis: Reform, Recovery, and Growth in Europe. Oxford University Press.
Chalmers, Damian, Markus Jachtenfuchs, and Christian Joerges, Eds. (2016). The End of the Eurocrats' Dream. Cambridge University Press.
Eichengreen, B. (2018). The populist temptation: Economic grievance and political reaction in the modern era. Oxford University Press.
Eurostat. (2019). International Trade in Goods.” Last updated March 2019. https:// ec. europa. eu/ eurostat/ statistics- explained/ index. php/ International_ trade_in_goods#Main_statistical_findings.
Friedman, T. L. (2000). The Lexus and the olive tree: Understanding globalization. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Fukuyama, F. (1992). The End of History and the Last Man London. Hamish Hamilton.
Gardner, R. N. (1990). The comeback of liberal internationalism. Washington Quarterly, 13(3), 23-39.
Gillingham, J. (2018). The EU: an obituary. Verso Books.
Golder, M. (2016). Far right parties in Europe. Annual Review of Political Science, 19, 477-497.
Held, D. McGrew, A. Goldblatt, D. & Perraton, J. (1999). Global Transformations (Cambridge: Polity).
Hobsbawm, E. J. (2000). Identidades comunitarias y democracia. Trotta.
Hoffmann, S. (1990). International society. Order and Violence: Hedley Bull and International Relations, 13-37.
Hooghe, L. & Marks, G. (2009). A post functionalist theory of European integration: From permissive consensus to constraining. British journal of political science, 1-23.
Howard, M. (1978). War and the liberal conscience (pp. 73-115). Oxford.
Jervis, R. (1998). System effects: Complexity in political and social life. Princeton University Press.
Jinping, Xi. (2012). Full text from President Xi Jinping’s speech, National Committee on U.S China relations, Available at: https://www.ncuscr. org/ content/full-text-president-xi-jinpings-speech, Accessed on: 2017/8/23.
Jinping, Xi. (2012). Full text from President Xi Jinping’s speech, National Committee on U.S China relations, Available at: https://www.ncuscr. org/ content/ full-text-president-xi-jinpings-speech, Accessed on: 2017/8/23.
Johnston, A. (2016). From convergence to crisis: Labor markets and the instability of the Euro. Cornell University Press.
Keohane, R. O. & Martin, L. L. (1995). The promise of institutionalist theory. International security, 20(1), 39-51.
Keohane, R. O. & Nye, J. S. (1997). Interdependence in world politics. The Theoretical evolution of international political economy: a reader, 122-140.
König, J. & Ohr, R. (2013). Different Efforts in E uropean Economic Integration: Implications of the EU I ndex. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 51(6), 1074-1090.
Krastev, I. Leonard, M. & Dennison, S. (2019). What Europeans Really Want: Five Myths Debunked. ECFR Report. London: European Council on Foreign Relations.
Krugman, P. (2013). Revenge of the optimum currency area. NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 27(1), 439-448.
Lee, G. (2014). The merchants of shangai, the mandarins of beiging: economic
interdpendence in Chinese foreign ploicy. The Korean Journal of International Studies. (12) Special Issue, 79-98
Mark Beeson, Fujian Li, "China's Place in Regional and Global Governance: A
New World Comes into View", Global Policy, 2016, pp. 1-10
Nicolas, F. (2016). China and the global economic order. A discreet yet undeniable contestation. China Perspectives, 2016(2016/2), 7-14.
Nicolas, F. (2016). China and the global economic order. A discreet yet undeniable contestation. China Perspectives, 2016(2016/2), 7-14.
Pu, Xiaoyu (2017). “Interdependent Rivals: China’s Economic Statecraft towards Japan” In: China's Economic Statecraft: Co-optation, Cooperation, and Coercion, Mingjiang Li, Singapore: World Scientific Publishing.
Steinsson, S. (2014). John Mearsheimer’s theory of offensive realism and the rise of China. Int Reln Students.
Taylor, Peter J. (2010), Political Geography: World-Economy, Nation-State, Locality, 6th edition, New York: Routledge.
Wan, Ming (2010) The Great Recession and China’s Policy-toward Asian Regionalism, Asian Survey, Vol. 50, No. 3.
Wong, B. (2020). China’s mask diplomacy. The Diplomat, 25.
Wright, T. (2013). Sifting through interdependence. Center for Strategic and
International Studies, the Washington Quarterly, 4(36), 7-23.
www.bbc.com/persian/blog-viewpoints-53680567
www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2021/02/17.
www.brookings.edu/media-mentions/17-public-opinion-cuba-policy-piccone/ 2021
www.indonesia.mfa.gov.ir,1399
www.iribnews.ir/00CTqx,1400
www.warsawinstitute.org/chinas-growing-influence-international-organizations/ 14 october2020
