Microfacies and depositional environment of the Asmari Formation in the Izeh zone
Subject Areas :Mohammad.reza Taheri 1 , Ali asghar Gabishavi 2
1 -
2 -
Keywords: Asmari Formation Microfacies Depositional model Izeh zone,
Abstract :
In this study, microfacies features of the Asmari Formation have been studied. The study area is located in the Izeh zone, in the vicinity of Izeh city. Accordingly four outcrop sections (Halayjan, Kuh Shur, Kuh-e Bad and Gharibi Ha) have been sampled and investigated. Due to unique tectonical characteristic and lateral as well as spatial variations of the outcrops, different facies have been deposited across the Asmari Formation platform in the study area. Based on the sedimentary structures, texture, skeletal and non-skeletal grains, 11 microfacies have been recognized which have been deposited in three different sub environments including open marine, shoal and lagoon. Based on this reaserch, for the Asmari Formation, three independent depositional models have been considered during the Chattian, Aquitanian and Burdigalian. On the basis of the results of this study, during the Chattian, Aquitanian and Burdigalian the Asmari Formation has been deposited in a homoclinal ramp system. During the Burdigalian toward the NE of study area (Gharibi Ha section), the shallow water deposits are abruptly overlain by pelagic limestone. Therefore, during the Burdigalian toward the NE of study area, probably, the carbonate ramp has been changed to drowned carbonate platform. It is interpreted as the result of a regional tilting that started in the late of the Burdigalian. During the Chattian in the Gharibi Ha area, the base of the carbonate Asmari Formation transits into the marl-dominated Pabdeh Formation towards the Halayjan area which could be concerned as an analogue to investigate about the stratigraphic oil traps potential in the Izeh zone.
[1]شب افروز، ر.، 1394، چينه نگاري سكانسي و دياژنز سازند آسماري در جنوب شرق زون ايذه (جنوب ياسوج و شمال شرق گچساران)، حوضه زاگرس: پايان نامه دکتري، رسوب شناسي و سنگ شناسي رسوبي دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد، 290 صفحه.#
[2] مطيعي، ه.، 1372، زمين شناسي ايران، چينه شناسي زاگرس: انتشارات سازمان زمين شناسي كشور، 536 صفحه.#
[3] مهدي پور، ض.، رادمهر، ا.، جنت مکان، ن.، 1394، تفسير ساختماني اطلاعات لرزه نگاري سه بعدي ميدان پرسياه – افق آسماري: شرکت ملي مناطق نفت خيز جنوب،گزارش شماره پ – 8495 ، 106 صفحه.#
[4] موسسه جغرافيايي و کارتوگرافي گيتاشناسي، 1383، اطلس گيتاشناسي استان هاي ايران.#
[5] ADAMS, T. D. and BOURGEOIS, F., 1967, Asmari biostratigraphy: Iranian Offshore Oil Company Geological and Exploration, no.1074, (unpublished)#.
[6] Formation, north of the Gachsaran (Dill anticline), southwest Iran, facies analysis, depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy: Carbonates and Evaporites, 25(2), 145-160.#
[7] AMIRSHAHKARAMI, M., VAZIRI‑MOGHADDAM, H., and TAHERI, A., 2007a, Sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy of the Asmari Formation at Chaman-Bolbol, Zagros Basin, Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 29, 947–959.#
[8] BARATTOLO, F., BASSI, D., and ROMERO, R., 2007, Upper Eocene larger foraminiferal-coralline algal facies from the Klokova Mountain (south continental Greece): Facies, 53, 361-375.#
[9] BASSI, D., HOTTINGER, L. and NEBELSICK, J. H., 2007, Larger foraminifera from the Upper Oligocene of the Venetian area, North-East Italy: Paleontology, 50(4), 845-868.#
[10] BEAVINGTON-PENNEY S. J., and RACEY, A., 2004, Ecology of extant nummulitids and other larger benthic foraminifera: applications in paleoenvironmental analysis: Earth Science Reviews, 67, 219-265.#
[11] BORDENAVE, M. L., and HEGRE, J. A., 2010, Current distribution of oil and gas fields in the Zagros Fold Belt of Iran and contiguous offshore as the result of the petroleum systems. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 330(1), 291-353.#
[12] BRANDANO, M., and CORDA, L., 2002, Nutrients, sea level and tectonics: constrains for the facies architecture of a Miocene carbonate ramp in central Italy: Terra Nova, 14, 257-262.#
[13] BRANDANO, M., FREZZA, V., TOMASSETTI, L., and PEDLEY, M., 2008, Facies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Oligocene Attard Member (Lower Coralline Limestone Formation), Malta: Sedimentology, 1-21.#
[14] BRANDANO, M., FREZZA, V., TOMASSETTI, L. and PEDLEY, M., 2009a, Facies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Oligocene Attard Member (Lower Coralline Limestone Formation), Malta: Sedimentology, 56, 1138-1158.#
[15] BRANDANO, M., FREZZA, V., TOMASSETTI, L., and CUFFARO M., 2009b, Heterozoan carbonates in oligotrophic tropical waters: The Attard member of the lower coralline limestone formation (Upper Oligocene, Malta): Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 274, 54-63.#
[16] BRANDANO, M., MORSILLI, M., VANNUCCI, G., PARENTE, M., BOSELLINI, F., and MATEU-VICENS, G., 2010a, Rhodolith-rich lithofacies of the Porto Badisco Calcarenites (upper Chattian, Salento, southern Italy): Italian Journal of Geosciences, 129(1), 119-131.#
[17] BUSK, H. G., and MAYO, H. T., 1918, Some notes on the geology of the Persian Oilfields: Journal of the Institution of Petroleum Technologists, 5, 5-26.#
[18] BUXTON, M. W. N. and PEDLEY, H. M., 1989, Short Paper: A standardized model for Tethyan Tertiary carbonate ramps: Journal of the Geological Society, London, 146, 746-748.#
[19] CAHUZAC, B., POIGNANT, A., 1997, Essai de biozonation de l'Oligo-Miocene dans les bassins
Europeens a l'aide des grands foraminiferes neritiques: Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, 168(2),
155 169.#
[20] CORDA, L., and BRANDANO, M., 2003, Aphotic zone carbonate production on a Miocene ramp, Central Apennines, Italy: sediment Geology, 161, 55-70.#
[21] COSOVIC, V., DROBNE, K., and MORO, A., 2004, Paleoenvironmental model for Eocene foraminiferal limestones of the Adriatic carbonate platform (Istrian Peninsula): Facies, 50, 61-75.#
[22] DUNHAM, R., 1962, Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture, In: Ham WE, editor: Classification of carbonate rocks: AAPG Memoir 1, Tulsa, 108-121.#
[23] EHRENBERG, S. N. H., PICKARD, N. A., LAURSEN, G. V., MONIBI, S., MOSSADEGH, Z. K., SVÅNÅ, T. A., AQRAWI, A. A. M., and THIRLWALL, J. M. M. M. F., 2007, Strontium isotope stratigraphy of the Asmari Formation (Oligocene-Lower Miocene), SW Iran: Journal of Petroleum Geology, 30, 107-128.#
[24] EMBRY, A., KLOVAN, J., 1971, A late Devonian reef tract on northeastern Banks Island, NWT: Bulletin
of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 19(4), 730.#
[25] FARZIPOUR-SAEIN, A., YASSAGHI A. S., and SHERKATI KOYI, H., 2009, Basin evolution of Lurestan region in the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt Iran: J. Petrology Geology, 32, 5-19.#
[26] FLÜGEL, E., 2010, Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, Analysis, Interpretation andApplication, 2nd edition. Springer, Heidelberg, 976.#
[27] GEEL, T., 2000, Recognition of Stratigraphic sequence in carbonate platform and slope deposits: empirical models based on microfacies analyses of palaeogene deposits in southeastern Spain: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 155, 211-238.#
[28] HALLOCK, P., 1984, Distribution of selected species of living algal symbiont-bearing foraminifera on two Pacific coral reefs: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 9, 6-69. #
[29] HALLOCK, P., 1988, The role of nutrient availability in bioerosion, Consequence to carbonate buildup: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 63, 275-291.#
[30] HEYDARI, E., HASSANZADEH, J., WADE, W. J., GHAZI, A. M., 2003, Permian-Triassic boundary interval in the Abadeh section of Iran with implications for mass extinction, Part 1: Sedimentology, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 193, 405-423.#
[31] HOTTINGER, L., 1997, Shallow benthic foraminiferal assemblage as signals for depth of their limestones: 168, 491-505.#
[32] JAMES, G. A., and WYND, J. G., 1965, Stratigraphic nomenclature of Iranian Oil Consortium agreement area: AAPG Bulletine, 49, 2182-2245.#
[33] LAURSEN, G., MONIBI, S., ALLAN, T., PICKARD, N., HOSSEINEY, A., VINCENT, B., HAMON, Y., VAN-BUCHEM, V., MOALLEMI, A., DRUILLION, G., 2009, The Asmari Formation Revisited, Changed Stratigraphic Allocation and New Biozonation: First International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, Shiraz, 4-6 May 2009.#
[34] LEE J.J., 1990, Fine structure of rodophycean profyridium purpureum insitu in Peneroplis pertusus and P. asicularis. J. Foramin, 20, 162-169.#
[35] MATEU-VICENS, G., HALLOCK, P., and BRANDANO, M., 2008, A depositional model and paleoceological reconstruction of the Lower Tortonian Distally steepened ramp of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain): Palaios, 23, 7, 465-481.#
[36] MORSILLI, M., BOSELLINI, F. R., POMAR, L., HALLOCK, P., AURELL, M., and PAPAZZONI, C. A., 2012, Mesophotic coral buildups in a prodelta setting (Late Eocene, southern Pyrenees, Spain): a mixed carbonate–siliciclastic system: Sedimentology, 59(3), 766–794.#
[37] MOSSADEGH, Z. K., HAIG, D. W., ALLAN, T., ADABI, M. H., SADEGHI, A., 2009, Salinity changing during Late Oligocene to Early Miocene Asmari Formation deposition, Zagros Mountains, Iran: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 272, 17-36.#
[38] NEBELSICK J., and BASSI, D., 2000, Diversity, growthforms and taphonomy: key factors controlling the fabric of coralline algal dominated shelf carbonates. in E. Insalaco, P. Skelton and T. Palmer, eds., Carbonate platform systems. Components and interactions. Geological Society, London, 178, 89-107.#
[39] NEBELSICK, J. H., RASSER, M., and BASSI, D., 2005, Facies dynamic in Eocene to Oligocene Circumalpine carbonates: Facies, 51(4), 197-216.#
[40] PEDLEY, M., 1996, Miocene reef facies of Pelagian region (Central Mediter ranean region). in FRANSEEN, E.K., ESTEBEN, M., WARD, W. C. Ward and ROUCHY , J. M., eds., Models for Carbonate Stratigraphy from Miocene reef complexes of Mediterranean Regions: SEPM Concept Sediment Paleontology, 5, 247-259.
[41] POMAR, L., 2001a, Types of carbonate platforms: a genetic approach: Basin Research, 13, 313-334.
[42] POMAR, L., 2001b, Ecological control of sedimentary accomodation: evolution from a carbonate ramp to rimmed shelf, Upper Miocene, Balearic Islands: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 175, 249-272.
[43] POMAR, L., BAEANDANO, M., and WESTPHAL, H., 2004, Environmental factors influencing skeletal grain sediment associations: a critical review of Miocene examples from the western Mediterranean: Sedimentology, 51, 627- 651.
[44] POMAR, L., BASSANT, P., BRANDANO, M., RUCHONNET, C., and JANSON, X., 2012, Impact of carbonate producing biota on platform architecture: Insights from Miocene examples of the Mediterranean region: Earth-Science Reviews, 113, 3-4, 186-211.
[45] POMAR, L., MATEU-VICENS, G., MORSILLI, M., and BRANDANO, M., 2014, Carbonate ramp evolution during the Late Oligocene (Chattian), Salento Peninsula, southern Italy: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 404, 0, 109-132.
[46] RAHMANI, A., VAZIRI-MOGHADDAM, H., TAHERI, A., and GHABEISHAVI, A., 2009, A model for the paleoenvironmental distribution of larger foraminifera of Oligocene-Miocene carbonate rocks at Khaviz Anticline, Zagros Basin, SW Iran: Historical Biology, 21, 2-3, 215-227.
[47] REISS, Z., and HOTTINGER, L., 1984, The Gulf of Aqaba: Ecological Micro Paleontology, Berlin: Springer, 354.
[48] RICHARDSON, P. K., 1924, The geology and oil measures of southwest Persia: Journal of the Institution of Petroleum Technology., 10, 256-283.
[49] ROMERO, J., CAUS, E., and ROSSEL, J., 2002, A model for the palaeoenvironmental distribution of larger foraminifera based on Late Middle Eocene deposits on the margin of the south Pyrenean basin: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 179, 43-56.
[50] SADEGHI, R., VAZIRI-MOGHADDAM, H., and TAHERI, A., 2010, Microfacies and sedimentary environment of the Oligocene sequence (Asmari Formation) in Fars sub-basin, Zagros Mountains, southwest Iran: Facies, 57, 3, 431- 446.
[51] SEYRAFIAN, A., 2000, Microfacies and depositional environments of the Asmari Formation, at Dehdez
area (a correlation across central Zagros basin): Carbonates and Evaporites, 15(2), 121-129.
[52] SHABAFROOZ, R., MAHBOUBI, A., VAZIRI‑MOGHADDAM, H., GHABEISHAVI, A., and MOUSSAVI‑HARAMI, R., 2015a. Depositional architecture and sequence stratigraphy of the Oligo–Miocene Asmari platform; Southeastern Izeh Zone, Zagros Basin, Iran. Facies, 61, 1-32
[53] SHABAFROOZ, R., MAHBOUBI, A., VAZIRI‑MOGHADDAM, H., MOUSSAVI‑HARAMI, R., GHABEISHAVI, A., and AL-ASAM, I. S., 2015b. Facies analysis and carbonate Ramp Evolution of Oligo–Miocene Asmari Formation in the Gachsaran and Bibi-Hakimeh Oilfields and the Nearby Mish Anticline, Zagros Basin, Iran: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie-Abhandlungen, 276(1): 121-146
[54] TAHERI, M., VAZIRI-MOGHADDAM, H., TAHERI, A., and GHABEISHAVI, A., in press, Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Oligo-Miocene Asmari Formation in the Izeh zone (Zagros Basin, SW Iran): Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana.
[55] THOMAS, A. N., 1948, The Asmari limestone of southwest Iran; Anglo-Iranian Oil Company Report, 706, unpublished.
[56] VAN BUCHEM, F. S. P., ALLAN, T. L., LAURSEN, G. V., LOTFPOUR, M., MOALLEMI, A., MONIBI, S., MOTIEI, H., PICKARD, N. A. H., TAHMASBI, A. R., VEDRENNE, V., and VINCENT, B., 2010, Regional stratigraphic architecture and reservoir types of the Oligo-Miocene deposits in the Dezful Embayment (Asmari and Pabdeh Formations) SW Iran: Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 329, 1, 219-263.
[57] VAZIRI-MOGHADDAM, H., KIMIAGARI, M., and TAHERI, A., 2006, Depositional environment and sequence stratigraphy of the Oligo-Miocene Asmari Formation in SW Iran: Facies, 52, 41-51.
[58] VAZIRI-MOGHADDAM, H., SEYRAFIAN, A., TAHERI, A., and MOTIEI, H., 2010, Oligo–Miocene ramp system (Asmari Formation) in the NW of the Zagros basin, Iran: microfacies, paleoenvironment and depositional sequence: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 27(1), 56-71
[59] WILSON, J. L., 1975, Carbonate facies in geologic history: Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Springer, 471.
[60] WYND, J. G., 1965, Biofacies of Iranian oil consortium agreement area: Iranian Oil Operating Company:
Report 1082, Unpublished.¬¬¬
