Identifying the Key Actors of Innovation Ecosystem in Downstream Petrochemical Industry of Iran
Subject Areas : Entrepreneurship and Innovation Ecosystemsakbar mohammadi 1 , mahdi sadaghiani 2 , milad yadollahi 3 , amir albadvi 4
1 - University of Tehran
2 - University of Tehran
3 - University of Tehran
4 - Tarbiat Modares University
Abstract :
Nowadays, considering the speed of technological progress and increasing attention to innovation as drivers of economic development, Attention to the design and development of innovation ecosystems more than ever is growing. Innovation ecosystems develop and evolve on the subject of technology, sector or industry as a network and strategically in order to create entrepreneurial activities. One of the most important steps on the path of design of innovation ecosystems is search, identify, select and deployment of key actors in the innovation ecosystems. This study is an applied research with qualitative approach using multiple case study that was carried out to identify the key actors in the design of petrochemical downstream industry innovation ecosystem. The findings show that six actors will play key role in the development of petrochemical downstream industry innovation ecosystem that include orchestrator, Accelerators, Human and physical infrastructure suppliers, venture capital, lead users and lead experts, Which respectively are business development holding as a orchestrator, NECO industry management as an accelerator, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Petrochemical Research and Technology Company (NPC-RT), research institute of petroleum industry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, and Department of Chemical Engineering in Sharif, Amir Kabir and Tehran universities as suppliers of Human and physical infrastructures, Innovation and Development Fund as a venture capital, public relations unit of National Petrochemical Company and Companies with demo plant as lead users, knowledge based companies as lead experts in Iranian petrochemical downstream industry innovation ecosystem.
1- چاره‌خواه و فرطوسی، محمدرضا و ملایری، محسن، سرمایه‌گذاری در کسب و کارهای نوپا (استارتاپ‌ها)، با نگاهی به وضعیت کشور و منطقه، سلسله مطالعات تحلیلی، گزارش دوم، مؤسسه فرهنگی هنری تقارب و تبادل فرهنگی، 1393.
2- چاره‌خواه و فرطوسی، محمدرضا و ملایری، محسن.، سرمایه‌گذاری در کسب و کارهای نوپا (استارتاپ‌ها)، با نگاهی به وضعیت کشور و منطقه، سلسله مطالعات تحلیلی، گزارش دوم، مؤسسه فرهنگی هنری تقارب و تبادل فرهنگی، 1393.
3- معرفی کلی شتاب‌دهنده‌ها، گروه نظارت و ارزیابی معاونت علمی و فناوري ریاست جمهوري ستاد توسعه زیست فناوري، بهمن ۱۳۹۴.
4- یحیی تابش، محمد مروتی و محمد اکبرپور، شناخت دره سیلیکون، معاونت علمی و فناوري ریاست‌جمهوري، ۱۳۹۴.
5- صنعت سرمایه‌گذاری در كسب و كارهاي نوپا، ماهنامه ديده‌بان فناوري. سال دوم، شماره ۳، تير ۱۳۹۴.
6- صنعت سرمایه‌گذاری در كسب و كارهاي نوپا، ماهنامه ديده‌بان فناوري. سال دوم، شماره ۳، تير ۱۳۹۴.
7- عیوضلو، رضا، سرمایه‌گذاری خطرپذیر، دانشنامه کارآفرینی، جلد دوم، 1388، صص ۸۰۰-۸۰۵.
8- صنعت سرمایه‌گذاری خطرپذیر در ایران و آسیب‌شناسی و راهکارهای تعامل معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست‌جمهوری با فعالان این صنعت، معاونت علمی فناوری ریاست‌جمهوری، 1390.
9- حنیفی، فرهاد، سرمایه خطرپذیر: ساختارها و کارکردها، مجله بورس، 1382، شماره ۲1.
10- C. Scott Dempwolf, Jennifer Auer, and Michelle D’Ippolit, “Innovation Accelerators: Defining Characteristics Among Startup Assistance Organizations” SBA Office of Advocacy, 2014.
11- Fu¨ller, J., Gregor J., & Mu¨hlbacher, H, Innovation creation by online basketball communities. Journal of Business Research, 2007, pp 60.
12- Forfás, Skills in Creativity, Design and Innovation, Ireland: Forfás, 2009.
13- COHEN, D, Trois leçons sur la société post-industrielle, Le Seuil, Paris, 2006.
14- Hwang, V. W.; Horowitt, G, The Rainforest – The Secret to Building the Next Silicon Valley. Regenwald Publishers, USA, 2012.
15- Kaplan, S, The Business Model Innovation Factory, Wiley, 2012.
16- Grillo. A, Zutshi. A, Digital Ecosystems and Ecosystem’s Actors, Digital Business ecosystems, Lisbon university, 2016.
17- Roberts, E B and Eesley, C E , Entrepreneurial impact: the role of MIT – an updated report, Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 2011, pp1-149.
18- Neck, H M, Meyer, G D, Cohen, B and Corbett, A C, An entrepreneurial system view of new venture creation, Journal of Small Business Management, 2004, pp:190‐208.
19- Isenberg, D.J. The Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Strategy as a New Paradigm for Economic Policy: Principles for Cultivating Entrepreneurship, the Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project, Babson College, Massachusetts, 2011.
20- Regele, M.D., and Neck, H.M, The Entrepreneurship Education Sub-ecosystem in the United States: Opportunities to Increase Entrepreneurial Activity. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 2012, pp 25–47.
21- Khalil, M. A., & Olafsen, E, Enabling innovative entrepreneurship through business incubation. Worldbank, 2010.
22- Isenberg, D, Worthless, impossible and stupid: how contrarian entrepreneurs create and capture extraordinary value. Harvard Business Press, 2013.
23- Office of Intellectual Property & Industry Research Alliances (IPIRA), Entrepreneurs’ Startup Guide, University of California, berkeley.
24- Aspen Network of Development Entrepreneurs (ANDE), Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Diagnostic Toolkit, UK Department for International Development (DFID), 2013.
25- Prochazkova. P.T,. Entrepreneurial Ecosystm Insights: Case Study, University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Economics, 2016.
26- Voicu-Dorobontu, R, A conceptual approach to Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Applied Algorithms, Advances in Applied and Pure Mathematics, 2013.
27- Eisenhardt, K., M, Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 1989, pp: 532-550.
28- Yin, R., K, Case Study Research: design and Methods. 5th Edition. Sage Publication, 2014.
29- Holloway, I. & Wheeler, S, Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. John Wiley & Sons, 2013.
30- Elisabeth B. Reynolds, Yilmaz Uygun, Strengthening advanced manufacturing innovation ecosystems: The case of Massachusetts, Technological Forecasting & Social Change Journal, 2017.
31- Mohamed El Dahshan, Ahmed H. Tolba, and Tamer Badreldin, Enabling Entrepreneurship in Egypt: Toward a Sustainable Dynamic Modelm, A quarterly journal published by MIT Press, 2010.
32- Isenberg, D.J ‘How to start an Entrepreneurial Revolution’, Harvard Business Review, 2010, Vol. 88, No. 6, pp. 40-51.
33- Eisenberg, I. Lead-user research for breakthrough innovation. Research - Technology Management, 2011, pp 54, 56.
34- Helms, Marilyn M. Encyclopedia of Management, 5th ed. Thomson Gale, 2006.
35- Wright, M. and Robbie, K. ‘Venture capital and private equity: a review and synthesis’, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 1992, Vol. 61, Nos. 1–2, pp.121–160.
36- Von Hippel, E, Lead users: A source for novel product concepts. Management Science, 1986, pp 797.
37- Urban, G. L., & von Hippel, E, Lead user analyses for the development of new industrial products. Management Science, 1988.
38- Lu¨thje, C., & Herstatt, C, The lead user method: An outline of empirical findings and issues for future research. R&D Management, 2004.
39- Startup Europe india network, A quick introduction to the critical actors in the Startup Ecosystem, Published in: Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 2016.
40- Lundvall, B., Johnson B., Andersen, E.S., Dalum, B, National Systems of Production, Innovation and Competence Building. Research Policy, 2002, pp: 213-231.
41- ISO15288, Systems and software engineering - System life cycle processes. Geneva: ISO, 2008.
42- Meyer, C. B, A case in case study methodology. Field methods, 2001, pp: 329-352.
