مروری بر مکانیزمهای عملکرد فوقروانکنندههای پلیکربوکسیلاتاتر در رفتار رئولوژیکی و فرایند هیدراتاسیون سیمان
الموضوعات :
عاطفه نژادابراهیم
1
,
محسن نجفی
2
,
محمدحسین باقری
3
1 - دانشگاه صنعتی قم
2 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی پلیمر دانشگاه صنعتی قم
3 - دانشگاه صنعتی قم
الکلمات المفتاحية: فوقروانکنندههای پلیکربوکسیلاتاتری, کاهش آب, بتن, رئولوژی, حفظ اسلامپ, ساختار شیمیایی,
ملخص المقالة :
فوقروانکنندههای پلیکربوکسیلاتاتری بهعنوان نسل پیشرفتهای از افزودنیهای شیمیایی بتن، نقش بسیار مهمی در بهبود ویژگیهای رئولوژیکی، افزایش سیالیت، کاهش نسبت آب به سیمان و در نهایت ارتقای مقاومت مکانیکی و دوام بتن دارند. طی سالهای اخیر، استفاده از این ترکیبات به دلیل امکان کنترل دقیق ساختار مولکولی و تنظیم خواص عملکردی، رشد قابلتوجهی داشته است. مطالعات متعدد نشان دادهاند که عملکرد این فوقروانکنندهها به عواملی همچون نوع مونومرهای مورد استفاده، نسبت آنها، وزن مولکولی نهایی، طول و چگالی زنجیرههای جانبی و شرایط واکنش وابسته است. در این مقاله، پیشرفتهای اخیر در زمینه طراحی و سنتز این پلیمرها، تأثیر آنها بر ویژگیهای فیزیکی، شیمیایی و رئولوژیکی سیستمهای سیمانی و نقششان در فرایند هیدراتاسیون مورد بررسی جامع قرار گرفته است. از مهمترین مکانیسمهای عملکرد این مواد میتوان به دافعه الکترواستاتیکی، ممانعت فضایی، تخلیه فشاری، افزایش ترشوندگی و پراکندگی یکنواخت ذرات سیمان اشاره کرد. حضور گروههای عاملی نظیر کربوکسیلات و زنجیرههای پلیاتری در ساختار پلیمر باعث ایجاد تعادل بهینه میان جذب سطحی و پایداری پراکندگی میشود. همچنین، تغییر در طول و چگالی زنجیرههای جانبی، تنظیم توزیع وزن مولکولی، افزایش بار منفی و بهبود سازگاری با انواع سیمان از مهمترین روشهای ارتقای عملکرد این افزودنیها محسوب میشود. در مجموع، درک ارتباط بین ساختار شیمیایی و رفتار رئولوژیکی بتن، راه را برای توسعه افزودنیهای کارآمدتر و پایدارتر هموار میکند.
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