مروری بر روشهای ساخت اسفنج پلیدیمتیلسیلوکسان و معرفی ویژگیهای کلیدی آن
الموضوعات : پليمرها و نانوفناوری
نوید علی پور
1
,
علیرضا کیاست
2
,
رویا میرزاجانی
3
1 - گروه شیمی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 - دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 - گروه شیمی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
الکلمات المفتاحية: اسفنج, پلیدیمتیلسیلوکسان, اسفنجهای متخلخل PDMS, ,
ملخص المقالة :
اسفنجهای متخلخل پلیدیمتیلسیلوکسان (PDMS) به دلیل ترکیب بینظیر و منحصر بفرد و در کنار ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی برجسته، به عنوان مواد کلیدی در حوزههای صنعتی و پزشکی مطرح شدهاند. این مواد به دلیل قابلیتهای منحصربهفردشان، در کاربردهای نوآورانهای مانند مهندسی بافت، سیستمهای میکروفلوئیدیک، حسگرها، جاذبها و دستگاههای پزشکی زیستسازگار مورد توجه قرار گرفتهاند. این مقاله به بررسی و تحلیل روشهای گوناگون ساخت اسفنجهای متخلخل PDMS میپردازد. تکنیکهای مورد بحث شامل قالببرداری سخت، روش امولسیون، گازفومینگ، جداسازی فاز توسط تبخیر (EIPS) و چاپ سهبعدی است. برای هر روش، مکانیسمهای شکلگیری منافذ و تأثیر آنها بر مورفولوژی، اندازه منافذ و خواص نهایی اسفنج به تفصیل شرح داده شده است. علاوه بر این، ویژگیهای ذاتی و برجسته اسفنج PDMS مانند آبگریزی، چگالی بسیار پایین، انعطافپذیری استثنایی، پایداری شیمیایی و حرارتی بالا، زیستسازگاری مطلوب، شفافیت نوری و جذب کم نور معرفی شده و دلایل علمی و بنیادی هر یک با استناد به ساختار مولکولی و ماهیت شیمیایی PDMS تبیین گردیده است. این مقاله به وضوح نشان میدهد که انتخاب هوشمندانه روش ساخت، در کنار بهرهبرداری بهینه از خصوصیات ذاتی بینظیر PDMS، نقش تعیینکنندهای در دستیابی به عملکرد بهینه و اختصاصی این اسفنجها برای کاربردهای مورد نظر دارد و مسیر را برای توسعه مواد پیشرفتهتر هموار میسازد.
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