عناصر و مزایای روش بازی‌گونه‌سازی در آموزش با رویکرد فراتحلیل
الموضوعات :
رضا توهند
1
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران.)
مهرانگیز علی نژاد
2
(استادیار، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران)
بدرالسادات دانشمند
3
(استادیار، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران. )
الکلمات المفتاحية: آموزش, یادگیری, بازی‌گونه‌سازی, فراتحلیل.,
ملخص المقالة :
بازی‌گونه‌سازی یکی از روش‌های آموزشی جدید است که به علت توجه به ویژگی‌های مختلف فراگیران، با ایجاد یک بستر شاد هیجانانگیز، پویا و فعال، آموزش را بهبود می‌بخشد و کانال‌های مختلف يادگيري فراگيران را تقویت مي‌کند. بازی‌گونه‌سازی کردن محتوای آموزشی، مفاهیم و اطلاعات را به شیوه بهتر و مطلوب‌تری در اختیار فراگیران قرار می‌دهد در همین راستا این پژوهش با هدف تبیین عناصر و مزایای روش بازی¬گونه¬سازی با استفاده از رویکرد فراتحلیل انجام شده‌است. جامعه¬آماری شامل پژوهش¬های داخلی و خارجی انجام شده در حوزه بازی¬گونه¬سازی است که در ابتدا 79 پژوهش داخلی و 301 پژوهش خارجی شناسایی و دانلود شد و از بین آن‌ها منابع مرتبط‌تر به‌عنوان نمونه آماری، شامل 30 پژوهش داخلی و 65 پژوهش خارجی در مجموع 95 پژوهش انتخاب و تحلیل شدند. این منابع (مقاله، پایان‌نامه و رساله) كه با جستجوی هدفمند در سایت‌های داخلی مانند magiran،sid، noormagz،irandoc، ricest و پرتال جامع علوم انسانی و سایت‌های خارجی مانند Proquest،Springer، Sciencedirect،Mdpi، Researchgate، Ieee، Acm، Google scholar انتخاب شدند؛ به‌دنبال شناسایی عناصر مهم و پرکاربرد رويكرد بازي‌گونه‌سازي و مزایای این رویکرد بود. قابل ذکر است که مقاله‌های ارائه شده در همایش و کنفرانس‌‌ها در این پژوهش مورد بررسی قرار نگرفتند. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش، امتیاز، پاداش، چالش، بازخورد، سطح‌بندي، داستان، تعامل و رقابت با داشتن بيشترين درصد فراوانی مهمترین و كاربردي‌ترين عناصر بازی‌گونه‌سازی در آموزش بودند. هم‌چنين ایجاد و ارتقای تعامل و مشارکت، ایجاد انگيزه، فراهم آوردن بستری جهت یادگیری عمیق، بهبود عملکرد، ایجاد جذابیت و افزایش آن، توسعه رشد شناختی، ایجاد هیجان و نشاط، افزایش اثربخشی آموزش، ایجاد بستری جهت کاربرد فناوری‌های آموزشی، توسعه رشد اجتماعی، توسعه مهارت‌های نرم و کاهش اختلال از جمله مزایای بازی‌گونه‌سازی در پژوهش‌ها بودند که از بین این موارد، ایجاد و ارتقای تعامل و مشارکت، فراهم آوردن بستری جهت یادگیری عمیق، ایجاد انگيزه، بهبود عملکرد، توسعه رشد شناختی، ایجاد هیجان و نشاط، افزایش اثربخشی آموزش، ایجاد بستری جهت کاربرد فناوری‌های آموزشی بيشترين درصد فراوانی را به خود اختصاص دادند.
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