تکرار محرک و ادراک زمان: آماده سازیِ تکرار یا سرکوبِ تکرار؟
الموضوعات :
حسن صبوری مقدم
1
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محمدعلی نظری
2
(دانشگاه تبریز)
رضا خسرو آبادی
3
()
حسین سپاسی مقدم
4
()
الکلمات المفتاحية: مکانیسم های ادراک زمان اثر آدبال آماده سازی تکرارسرکوب تکرارتقویت تکرار,
ملخص المقالة :
آماده سازیِ تکرار و سرکوبِ تکرار دو پدیده ای هستند که به واسطة مواجهة تکراری با یک محرک به وجود می آیند. در آماده سازیِ تکرار بر بهبود عملکرد تأکید میشود ولی در مقابل، در سرکوبِ تکرار بر افزایش خطا در برآورد زمان، تأکید می گردد. در پژوهش حاضر، امکان وقوع همزمان این دو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. 12 آزمودنی بزرگسال در یک تکلیف آدبال زمان شـرکت کردند که در آن تعداد تکرار محرک های استاندارد در مقایسه با محرک هدف، دستکاری می شد. تمام تغییرات مربوط به عملکرد رفتاری و همچنین ادراک زمان در آنان به کمک روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه های مکرر تحلیل شد. این تحلیل نشان داد که ارائه مکرر محرکهای زمانی در هر دو سیستم بینایی و شنوایی باعث بهبود عملکرد رفتاری آزمودنی ها (آماده سازی تکرار) میشود. همزمان، تغییرات اندازه های ادراک زمان نیز نشان داد که علی رغم جهت متفاوت در این دو سیستم حسی، محرک آدبال می تواند باعث تحریف زمان گردد هم به شکل انقباض زمان و هم به شکل انبساط زمان. این فرض مطرح گردید که اگرچه آماده سازی تکرار در تکلیف زمان می تواند به واکنش رفتاریِ سریع تر و دقیق تر منجر گردد، ولی افزایش در شاخص تحریف زمان بعد از محرک تکراری، می تواند به تغییر در پراکندگی خطاها مربوط باشد.
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