بررسی تطبیقی حق بر سلامت کودک پناه‌جو در سیستم مشترک پناه‌جویی اروپا و کنوانسیون حقوق کودک
الموضوعات :رضا موسی‌زاده 1 , احمدرضا آذرپندار 2
1 - استاد وزارت امور خارجه، دانشکده روابط بین‌الملل، تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد وزارت امور خارجه، دانشکده روابط بین‌الملل، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: حق بر سلامت, کودکان پناه‌جو, اسناد بین‌المللی حقوق بشر, اتحادیه اروپا,
ملخص المقالة :
یکی از اساسی‌ترین حقوقی که کودکان پناه‌جو از آن برخوردار هستند، حق بر سلامت است که به معنای بالاترین استاندارد فیزیکی و روانی تعبیر شده است. این حق را می‌توان جمیع خدمات پزشکی، بهداشت عمومی، غذا و مسکن مناسب، آموزش مناسب بهداشتی و سلامتی و همچنین محیط زیست سالم دانست. در این راستا دولت‌ها طبق کنوانسیون حقوق کودک موظف شده‌اند که تمامی تلاش خود را مصروف برآورده‌شدن و تحقق این حقوق بنمایند. در حال حاضر و با توجه به این‌که روند پناهندگی از کشورهای آسیای غربی به سمت کشورهای اروپایی است، تعهد کشورهای اروپایی به تضمین حق بر سلامت کودکان پناه‌جو، نمود دوچندانی می‌یابد. با مقایسه کنوانسیون حقوق کودک و تفسیریه‌های آن با سیستم مشترک پناه‌جویی اروپا، به نظر می‌رسد با این‌که اتحادیه اروپا در زمینه قانونگذاری برای کودکان پناه‌جو موفقیت‌هایی را کسب کرده است، اما در برخی موارد، برآورده‌کردن حقوق این افراد را منوط به شرایط داخلی کشورهای عضو اتحادیه می‌کند که برخلاف تعهدات ایشان می‌باشد.
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