Relationship between erythropoietin and fasting glucose glucose after a resistance training program in male Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی ورزشی
Farshad Sadeghi
1
,
Yaser Kazemzadeh
2
,
Abdolali Banaeifar
3
,
Sajad Arshadi
4
1 - PhD. student of exercise physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.
2 - Graduated from Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, South-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.
4 - Department of Exercise Physiology, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Resistance training, type 2 diabetes, erythropoietin, fasting blood glucose,
چکیده مقاله :
Background: Erythropoietin is known as a strong stimulant in the activation of satellite cells and increasing the regeneration function of muscle tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between erythropoietin concentration and fasting blood glucose after a resistance training program in male Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male rats aged 6 weeks were divided into 3 groups: healthy control (n=8), diabetic control (n=8) and resistance training (n=8). Resistance exercises were performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, with an intensity of 100-30% of the weight of the rats in the resistance training group. In the last week of the training program, the maximum oxygen consumption of the rats was taken using the executive protocol on the rat treadmill. 48 hours after finishing the training program, blood samples were taken from the right ventricle of heart of the rats and erythropoietin and fasting blood glucose were evaluated. The data was statistically analyzed using Pearson's correlation and one-way analysis of variance at the alpha level of less than 0.05. Results: The results showed that there is no significant relationship between erythropoietin and fasting blood glucose among any of the groups. Also, performing 8 weeks of resistance training in diabetic rats led to an increase in erythropoietin concentration (P≤0.0001) and a decrease in blood glucose (P≤0.0001). Conclusion: It seems that more stimulation of EPO and regeneration of muscle tissue as well as increased energy consumption in muscle tissue is one of the possible mechanisms of blood glucose reduction caused by 8 weeks of resistance training in diabetic rats
Background: Erythropoietin is known as a strong stimulant in the activation of satellite cells and increasing the regeneration function of muscle tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between erythropoietin concentration and fasting blood glucose after a resistance training program in male Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male rats aged 6 weeks were divided into 3 groups: healthy control (n=8), diabetic control (n=8) and resistance training (n=8). Resistance exercises were performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, with an intensity of 100-30% of the weight of the rats in the resistance training group. In the last week of the training program, the maximum oxygen consumption of the rats was taken using the executive protocol on the rat treadmill. 48 hours after finishing the training program, blood samples were taken from the right ventricle of heart of the rats and erythropoietin and fasting blood glucose were evaluated. The data was statistically analyzed using Pearson's correlation and one-way analysis of variance at the alpha level of less than 0.05. Results: The results showed that there is no significant relationship between erythropoietin and fasting blood glucose among any of the groups. Also, performing 8 weeks of resistance training in diabetic rats led to an increase in erythropoietin concentration (P≤0.0001) and a decrease in blood glucose (P≤0.0001). Conclusion: It seems that more stimulation of EPO and regeneration of muscle tissue as well as increased energy consumption in muscle tissue is one of the possible mechanisms of blood glucose reduction caused by 8 weeks of resistance training in diabetic rats
1. Maiese K. Erythropoietin and diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes. 2015 Oct 25;6(14):1259-73. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i14.1259. PMID: 26516410; PMCID: PMC4620106.
2. Mazzolari R, Papaioannou KG. Satellite cells: erythropoietin treatment and endurance training. J Physiol. 2016 Sep 15;594(18):5045-6. doi: 10.1113/JP272720. PMID: 27629077; PMCID: PMC5023713.
3. Arabzadeh E, Shirvani H, Ebadi Zahmatkesh M, Riyahi Malayeri S, Meftahi GH, Rostamkhani F. Irisin/FNDC5 influences myogenic markers on skeletal muscle following high and moderate-intensity exercise training in STZ-diabetic rats. 3 Biotech. 2022 Sep;12(9):193. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03253-9. Epub 2022 Jul 26. PMID: 35910290; PMCID: PMC9325938.
4. Chen, L., Sun, Q., Liu, S., Hu, H., Lv, J., Ji, W. ... Zhou, J. (2015). Erythropoietin improves glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell damage in experimental diabetic rats. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 5391-5398. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.4006
5. Katz, O., Stuible, M., Golishevski, N., Lifshitz, L., Tremblay, M. L., Gassmann, M., Mittelman, M., & Neumann, D. (2010). Erythropoietin treatment leads to reduced blood glucose levels and body mass: insights from murine models, Journal of Endocrinology, 205(1), 87-95. Retrieved Aug 27, 2022.
6. Ashtary-Larky D, Kashkooli S, Bagheri R, Lamuchi-Deli N, Alipour M, Mombaini D, Baker JS, Ramezani Ahmadi A, Wong A. The effect of exercise training on serum concentrations of chemerin in patients with metabolic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2021 Mar 2:1-10. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1892149. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33651961.
7. FallahpourNooshabadi S, Kazemzadeh Y, Gorzi A. The effect of eight weeks of daily normobaric hypoxia (60 minutes) on PGC¬1α content of soleus muscle, insulin resistance, and fasting glucose in type 2 diabetic rats. EBNESINA. 2021; 22 (4) :89-94
URL: http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-909-fa.html.
8. Tashrizadeh, Mehla, Moqransi, Mehdi. (2015). Investigating the effect of ten weeks of resistance training on HSP70 and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic women. Journal of Sports Biology 8(3), 341-351.
9. Magalhães DA, Kume WT, Correia FS, Queiroz TS, Allebrandt Neto EW, Santos MPD, Kawashita NH, França SA. High-fat diet and streptozotocin in the induction of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a new proposal. An Acad Bras Cienc. 2019 Mar 21;91(1):e20180314. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180314. PMID: 30916157.
10. Leandro CG, Levada AC, Hirabara SM, Manhães-de-Castro R, De-Castro CB, Curi R, Pithon-Curi TC. A program of moderate physical training for Wistar rats based on maximal oxygen consumption. J Strength Cond Res. 2007 Aug;21(3):751-6. doi: 10.1519/R-20155.1. PMID: 17685693.
11. Cayla J, Lavoie C, Gareau R & Duvallet A 1999 Effects of recombinant erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) on plasma glucose concentration in endurance-trained rats. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 166 247–249.
12. Allegra V, Mengozzi G, Martimbianco L, Vasile A. Early and late effects of erythropoietin on glucose metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Am J Nephrol. 1996;16(4):304-8. doi: 10.1159/000169014. PMID: 8739283.
13. Rasic-Milutinovic Z, Perunicic-Pekovic G, Cavala A, Gluvic Z, Bokan L, Stankovic S. The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin treatment on insulin resistance and inflammatory markers in non-diabetic patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Hippokratia. 2008 Jul;12(3):157-61. PMID: 18923665; PMCID: PMC2504398.
14. Christensen B, Nellemann B, Larsen MS, Thams L, Sieljacks P, Vestergaard PF, Bibby BM, Vissing K, Stødkilde-Jørgensen H, Pedersen SB, Møller N, Nielsen S, Jessen N, Jørgensen JO. Whole body metabolic effects of prolonged endurance training in combination with erythropoietin treatment in humans: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Oct 1;305(7):E879-89. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00269.2013. Epub 2013 Aug 6. PMID: 23921143.
15. Montel-Hagen A, Sitbon M, Taylor N. Erythroid glucose transporters. Curr Opin Hematol. 2009 May;16(3):165-72. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e328329905c. PMID: 19346941.
16. Bogdanova A, Mihov D, Lutz H, Saam B, Gassmann M, Vogel J. Enhanced erythro-phagocytosis in polycythemic mice overexpressing erythropoietin. Blood. 2007 Jul 15;110(2):762-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-12-063602. Epub 2007 Mar 29. PMID: 17395782.
17.Ribeiro, F., Ribeiro, I.P., Gonçalves, A.C. et al. Effects of resistance exercise on endothelial progenitor cell mobilization in women. Sci Rep 7, 17880 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18156-6
18. Riyahi Malayeri, S., Nafisi, A., Behadari, R. Effect of Stevia Consumption and Aerobic Exercise on Fat Profile and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic men. medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences, 2020; 63(3): 2380-2390. doi: 10.22038/mjms.2020.17026
19. Riyahi Malayeri S, Kaka Abdullah Shirazi S, Behdari R, mousavi Sadati K. Effect of 8-week Swimming training and garlic intake on serum ICAM and VCAM adhesion molecules in male obese rats. . JSSU 2019; 26 (10): 867-878.URL: http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-4695-en.html
20. Riyahi Malayeri, S., Saei, M. Changes in Insulin resistance and serum levels of resistin after 10 weeks high intensity interval training in overweight and obese men. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations, 2019;10(4):31-42. http://www.sportrc.ir/article_82662.html?lang=en.
21. Strasser B, Pesta D. Resistance training for diabetes prevention and therapy: experimental findings and molecular mechanisms. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:805217. doi: 10.1155/2013/805217. Epub 2013 Dec 22. PMID: 24455726; PMCID: PMC3881442.
22. Gaster M, Vach W, Beck-Nielsen H, Schrøder HD. GLUT4 expression at the plasma membrane is related to fibre volume in human skeletal muscle fibres. APMIS. 2002 Sep;110(9):611-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0463.2002.1100903.x. PMID: 12529013.
23. Holten MK, Zacho M, Gaster M, Juel C, Wojtaszewski JF, Dela F. Strength training increases insulin-mediated glucose uptake, GLUT4 content, and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004 Feb;53(2):294-305. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.53.2.294. PMID: 14747278.
24. Kuk JL, Kilpatrick K, Davidson LE, Hudson R, Ross R. Whole-body skeletal muscle mass is not related to glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese men and women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008 Aug;33(4):769-74. doi: 10.1139/H08-060. PMID: 18641721.
