طراحی الگوی برنامه درسی بهسازی معلمان دوره ابتدایی در نظام آموزشی ایران
محورهای موضوعی : روش های نوین آموزش وتوسعه منابع انسانی
محسن عبدالهی
1
,
محبوبه عارفی
2
,
کوروش فتحی واجارگاه
3
,
اباصلت خراسانی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 - دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3 - دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
4 - دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
کلید واژه: بهسازی معلمان, الگوی برنامه درسی, دوره ابتدایی, نظریه داده بنیاد,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف اصلی این پژوهش طراحی الگوی برنامه درسی بهسازی معلمان دوره ابتدایی در نظام آموزشی ایران است. این پژوهش از نوع کیفی و مبتنی بر نظریه داده‌بنیاد (نوع کلاسیک) انجام شده است. جامعه آماری شامل صاحبنظران و دست‌اندرکاران در زمینه بهسازی معلمان دوره ابتدایی است که شیوه انتخاب آن‌ها هدفمند از نوع گلوله برفی بود. در مجموع با 21 نفر که شامل 14 عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه و 7 متخصص و دست‌اندرکار حوزه بهسازی معلمان بود، مصاحبه به عمل آمد. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختارمند در طی سه مرحله رمزگذاری باز، انتخابی و نظری تحلیل و مقوله‌سازی شد که در قالب الگوی مفهومی بدین صورت شکل گرفت: علل و ضرورت (تحقق اهداف نظام آموزشی، به‌روزرسانی قابلیت‌های معلم، پیچیده و منعطف بودن نقش معلم، اصلاح‌گری، بالندگی معلمان و بهبود یادگیری دانش‌آموزان)، اصول و شرایط (معلم محوری، تداوم و پایداری، مدرسه‌محوری و شغل‌محوری، محتوامحوری و ابتنا بر نیازهای دانش‌آموزان)، مولفه‌ها (محتوا، زمینه و فرایند)، عوامل همبسته (شخصی، محیطی، اهمیت و اولویت، کمیت و کیفیت و زمان) و نتایج یا پیامدها (معلمان، برنامه‌ها و دانش‌آموزان). برای تأمین روایی و پایایی نیز از رویکرد لینکلن و گوبا شامل: قابل قبول بودن، انتقال‌پذیری، اطمینان‌پذیری و تأییدپذیری استفاده شد. در پایان نیز بر مبنای یافته‌ها و نتایج به دست آمده، رهنمودهایی برای عملی شدن برنامه ارائه شده است.
The main purpose of this study was to design a Curriculum Model for the Development of Elementary School Teachers of the Iran's Educational System. This study used a qualitative research approach and was conducted based on the classical grounded theory. The statistical population consisted of Faculty members and experts in the field of Teachers development that was selected through snowball sampling. A total of 21 people, including 14 Faculty Members and 7 Teachers development specialists, were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The data from interviews were analyzed during three stages of open, selective and theoretical coding, and the conceptual model was formed based on the drawing of the ratio between the main categories or elements of the Teachers development curriculum. The conceptual model was formed as follows: causes and necessity (achieving the goals of the educational system, updating teacher skills, complex and flexible teacher role, reform, teacher growth and improving student learning), principles and conditions (teacher-centered, continuity and Sustainability, school-centered and job-oriented, content-oriented and based on student needs), components (content, context and process), correlated factors (personal, environmental, importance and priority, quantity, quality and time) and outcomes (teachers, Programs and students). To ensure validity and reliability, Guba and Lincoln approaches were used, including: acceptability, transferability, reliability and verifiability. Finally, based on the findings and results, guidelines for the implementation of the program are provided.
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