مرکز منطقه ای اطلاع رسانی علوم و فناوری Journal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning 2783-3038 6 19 2026 3 12 The Effect of Swimming Exercise on Interferon-Gamma Gene Expression in Mice with Multiple Sclerosis Exposed to Air Pollution The Effect of Swimming Exercise on Interferon-Gamma Gene Expression in Mice with Multiple Sclerosis Exposed to Air Pollution en Mahmood Reza Beig Agha Islamic Azad University, Isfahan خسرو جلالی دهکردی Baharak Moradi Kelardeh Islamic Azad University Farzaneh Taghian Islamic Azad University 2025 12 12 Background: Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is recognized as a key pro-inflammatory cytokine in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to investigate the effect of swimming exercise on IFN-γ levels in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) exposed to air pollution. Materials and Methods: In this study, 24 male C57BL/6 mice with an average weight of 24±2 grams were randomly selected and, after an acclimation period, divided into four groups of six: 1) healthy control, 2) EAE-induced, 3) EAE-induced exposed to air pollution, and 4) EAE-induced exposed to air pollution combined with moderate-intensity swimming exercise. EAE was induced by injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). The swimming protocol was performed five days a week for six weeks. At the end of the study, serum IFN-γ levels were measured using an ELISA kit. Inter-group comparisons were conducted using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: IFN-γ levels in the EAE group exposed to air pollution (76.98 ± 2.40 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those in the EAE group (31.20 ± 1.48 pg/mL) and the healthy control group (15.30 ± 1.21 pg/mL) (P<0.05). IFN-γ levels in the exercise group (43.18 ± 3.46 pg/mL) showed a significant decrease compared to the EAE group exposed to air pollution (P<0.05). Conclusion: Moderate-intensity swimming exercise can significantly modulate the increased IFN-γ levels resulting from simultaneous exposure to an MS model and air pollution.

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