پایش و پیش بینی خشکسالی طی دوره رشد پوشش مرتع، نمونه موردی: حوضه آبخیز قوری چای (شهرستان پارس آباد مغان)
محورهای موضوعی :سعیده عینی 1 , میثم طولابی نژاد 2 , مصطفی کرمپور 3
1 - دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 - دانش آموخته
3 - دانشگاه لرستان
کلید واژه: پایش پیش بینی خشکسالی مدل CanESM2 مرتع,
چکیده مقاله :
جهت پایش خشکسالی از مقادیر روزانه میانگین دمای هوا و مجموع بارش ایستگاه پارس آباد طی دوره آماری 1961-2016 به منظور اجرای شاخص SPI در سه بازه 1، 3 و 6 ماهه و همچنین تصاویر ماهواره لندست TM به منظور اجرای شاخص خشکسالی NDVI استفاده گردید. برای بخش پیش بینی نیز از مدل CanESM2 تحت سناریوی انتشار RCP4.5 از سری پنجم سناریوهای انتشار بهره گرفته شد که برای این منظور از متغیرهای پیش بینی کننده NCEP-NCAR 1961-2005 استفاده گردید. با توجه به اجرای شاخص های خشکسالی (SPI و NDVI) و پیش بینی مقادیر دما و بارش ایستگاه پارس آباد( مدل CanESM2 تحت سناریوی RCP4.5)، مشخص گردید که وضعیت رشد مرتع در شرایط کنونی طی مراحل گلدهی و بذردهی برخی از گونه های مهم مرتعی حوضه آبخیز قوری چای نامطلوب می باشد این مهم از طریق نمودار آمبروترمیک ایستگاه پارس آباد مغان و همچنین شاخص خشکسالی SPI 1 ماهه طی دوره آماری 1375- 1395 بدست آمد اما براساس پیش بینی مقادیر دما و بارش که با استفاده مدل CanESM2 از سری مدل های گزارش پنچم اخذ گردید، این شرایط طی سال های آینده (1385- 1477) خشک تر بوده و دوره رشد پوشش مرتعی از 6 ماه به 3 ماه کاهش می یابدکه این امر با توجه به اهمییت بالای مراتع به عنوان ذخایر طبیعی، نیاز به اجرای طرح های مدیریتی و آبخیزداری در منطقه مورد مطالعه را دارد.
In order to famine exploring; temperature mean and daily data values , total of Pars abad station precipitation during 196-2016 statistical period for implementation of SPI Index were used in 1,3 and 6 months intervals and also TM Landset satellite images was applied for NDVI famine investigation. In anticipation part, CanESM2 was applied under RCP4.5 diffusion scenario in 5th series and also anticipating variables such as NCEP-NCAR 1961-2005 were applied. According to famine indices implementation (SPI and NDVI), temperature values anticipation and Pars abad station precipitation (CanESM2 model under RCP4.5 scenario), it was recognized that pasture growth situation in current conditions during flowering and seeding stages in some of main species of Ghouri chay aquiferous zone were improper. Mentioned main case was obtained through Pars abad Moghan station Ambrotermic curve and 1 month SPI famine index during 1375-1395 statistical periods, but, at the basis of anticipation temperature and precipitation values by using CanESM2 Model with 5th series model reports ; mentioned conditions will be drier during 1385-1477 and also pasture covering growth period will be reduced 6 months to 3 months. This case needs to management plans and aqueferous implementation in studied region as a natural reservoirs according to pasture high importance.
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