آشفتگی¬های متابولیک زمینه ساز لنگش در گاوهای شیری
محورهای موضوعی :
1 - علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران
کلید واژه: اختلال متابولیک, گاو, لنگش,
چکیده مقاله :
با توجه به تلاش پژوهشگران و فعالان عرصه پرورش گاو شیری، در طی چند دهه اخیر پیشرفت های زیادی در افزایش تولید شیر گاوها در یک دوره شیرواری حاصل شده است. اما این افزایش تولید، با افزایش اختلالات و بیماری های مختلف و منجمله مشکلات متابولیکی همراه شده است. تراز منفی انرژی با عوارضی همچون کتوز و کبد چرب همراه است. اختلال در متابولیسم و میزان ماکرمینرال هایی نظیر کلسیم، فسفر و منیزیم، اختلال در میکروالمان ها، اختلال درمیزان پروتئین ها و آنزیم ها نیز عمدتا در روزها و هفته های اول بعد از زایمان روی می دهد. اما یکی از مهمترین اختلالات چالش برانگیز اسیدوز شکمبه است، که به دنبال تغییر جیره به یک غذای سرشار از انرژی در زمان بعد از زایش برای حمایت تولید شیر، روی می دهد. تمام اختلالات اشاره شده به اشکال مختلف می توانند بر سلامت بافت شاخی سم و ایجاد لنگش در گاوهای شیری اثر بگذارند. لمینیت یکی از پیامدهای اختلالات متابولیک و اسیدوز شکمبه است که در کنار شرایط نامناسب جایگاه و مشکلات مدیریتی، می تواند به طور جدی سلامت و آسایش گاو را تحت تاثیر قرار داده، زیان های اقتصادی قابل توجهی را به این صنعت وارد نماید.
During the recent decades, a considerable increase in milk production has occurred in dairy cows. But it has been accompanied by an unwanted increase in different diseases and disorders such as metabolic disturbances. Negative energy balance can cause ketosis and fatty liver. Disturbances in macro-minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, micro-minerals, proteins and enzymes often occur days to weeks after parturition. One or the most challenging post-parturient problem, is ruminal acidosis, that it mainly occurs due to changes in ration by using high fermentable carbohydrates to support milk production. All of mentioned disturbances can affect the hoof health and causing lameness in dairy cows. Laminitis is an important sequel of metabolic disturbances and ruminal acidosis in combination with inappropriate housing and management. Lameness can affect cow health and comfort, causing considerable economic losses in dairy industry.
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