نقش قرارداد BOT در اجاره کشتی بین ایران و انگلیس
محورهای موضوعی : Maritime law
1 - کارشناسی ارشد حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
کلید واژه: اجاره کشتی, حمل و نقل دریایی, روابط ایران و انگلیس, قرارداد BOT,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه قراردادهای موسوم به BOT با استقبال بسیاری از کشورها رو به رو شده اند. این قالب بیشتر برای اجرای پروژه های عظیم و زیربنایی که نیازمند بودجه هنگفت است، مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. این روش به بخش خصوصی امکان می دهد تا در پروژه های زیربنایی و عمومی مشارکت کند بدون این که برای همیشه مالک طرح های زیر بنایی شود. یکی از مدل های موفق مشارکت عمومی و خصوصی برای جذب سرمایه گذاری در پروژه های زیربنایی قرارداد BOT (ساخت، بهره برداری و انتقال) در زمینه اجاره کشتی و تاثیر آن بر روابط اقتصادی و اجتماعی به ویژه در کشورهای در حال توسعه است. این مقاله به بررسی نقش قرارداد اقتصادی بین ایران و انگلیسی، با توجه به چالش های پیچیده ناشی از تحریم ها و اختلافات سیاسی می پردازد که می تواند فرصتی برای بررسی شرایط و نیز بهبود زیر ساخت های بندری و حمل و نقل دریایی فراهم کند. مدل قرارداد BOT میتواند فرصت مناسبی برای اجاره کشتی بین ایران و انگلیس ایجاد کند، اما برای موفقیت این نوع قرارداد لازم است به ملاحظات قانونی ، مالی و سیاسی توجه شود و به طور دقیق بررسی گردد تا نقاط ضعف و ریسک های مرتبط به حداقل برسد. هدف از این تحقیق ارائه راهکارهایی برای مدیریت چالش های موجود و بهره برداری از فرصت های اقتصادی در زمینه کشتیرانی و اجاره کشتی بین دو کشور است.
Nowadays, BOT contracts have gained popularity in many countries. This model is increasingly used for implementing large-scale and costly projects that require substantial budgets. It enables private sector participation in infrastructure and public projects without imposing a financial burden on the government. This method is considered one of the successful models of public-private partnerships for financing infrastructure projects. BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) contracts are especially under development in maritime transport and port construction projects. Given the complexity of such contracts and the political sensitivities and legal ambiguities between Iran and the UK, this article examines the nature of BOT contracts and their economic and social impact. The study explores how this model can be a suitable opportunity for improving conditions in Iran’s maritime transport and port sectors. It identifies the strengths, weaknesses, and associated risks of BOT contracts and provides recommendations to manage existing challenges. The ultimate goal is to create the necessary conditions for maximizing the economic potential in the maritime transport and port operation sectors.
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