Elucidating the Impact of Iranian Herbs on Athletic Performance: A Narrative Review of Scientific Evidence
محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی و ورزش
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: Iranian Herbs, Exercise, Herbal supplements, Botanical intake,
چکیده مقاله :
This article explores the growing trend among athletes to seek out substances that can enhance their performance to achieve optimal athletic performance. The increasing concerns regarding banned supplements have led to a growing interest in exploring the effectiveness of herbal alternatives. Herbs native to Iran have gained significant attention due to the substantial body of research that supports their potential to enhance athletic performance and protect overall health. Research has demonstrated that herbs such as jujube and saffron can augment cognitive function, regulate tension, reduce the likelihood of injuries, improve sleep quality, and restore vitality and endurance. Simultaneously, Iranian sage and chamomile effectively reduce inflammation and accelerate recovery after physical activity. An additional treasure from Iran's herbal treasury, Ginkgo biloba is notable for its profound advantages on focusing and cognitive ability. The combined use of these herbs enhances athletic performance and promotes overall well-being. This presentation broadly examines Iran's medical herbs and explains how they can help athletes in many ways. These natural remedies provide a sustainable route to optimal performance, particularly during the critical pre-competition phase, by facilitating fatigue reduction and obesity management. All things considered, this highlights the revolutionary potential of Iranian herbal mixtures for molding top-notch athletic performance and fostering overall wellness. Athletes can attain peak performance levels while avoiding the drawbacks of illegal supplements when they advocate for taking these natural substances in their workouts.
چکیده انگلیسی:
This article explores the growing trend among athletes to seek out substances that can enhance their performance to achieve optimal athletic performance. The increasing concerns regarding banned supplements have led to a growing interest in exploring the effectiveness of herbal alternatives. Herbs native to Iran have gained significant attention due to the substantial body of research that supports their potential to enhance athletic performance and protect overall health. Research has demonstrated that herbs such as jujube and saffron can augment cognitive function, regulate tension, reduce the likelihood of injuries, improve sleep quality, and restore vitality and endurance. Simultaneously, Iranian sage and chamomile effectively reduce inflammation and accelerate recovery after physical activity. An additional treasure from Iran's herbal treasury, Ginkgo biloba is notable for its profound advantages on focusing and cognitive ability. The combined use of these herbs enhances athletic performance and promotes overall well-being. This presentation broadly examines Iran's medical herbs and explains how they can help athletes in many ways. These natural remedies provide a sustainable route to optimal performance, particularly during the critical pre-competition phase, by facilitating fatigue reduction and obesity management. All things considered, this highlights the revolutionary potential of Iranian herbal mixtures for molding top-notch athletic performance and fostering overall wellness. Athletes can attain peak performance levels while avoiding the drawbacks of illegal supplements when they advocate for taking these natural substances in their workouts.
منابع و مأخذ:
1. Sellami M, Slimeni O, Pokrywka A, Kuvacic G, L DH, Milic M, et al. Herbal medicine for sports: a review. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018;15(1):14. Epub 2018/03/24. doi: 10.1186/s12970-018-0218-y. PubMed PMID: 29568244; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5856322.
2. Masoud S, Maryam R, Sadegh R, Mahnaz M, Mahmoud B. A Review of Medicinal Plants Affecting Exercise and Physical Health Factors in Athletes. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research. 2019;10(4):212-. doi: 10.1186/s12913-016-1423-5. PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4943498.
3. Wahi A, Nagpal R, Verma S, Narula A, Tonk RK, Kumar S. A Comprehensive Review on Current Analytical Approaches Used for the Control of Drug Abuse in Sports. Microchemical Journal. 2023:108834. doi: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108834.
4. Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q, Sun W. The most important medicinal herbs and plants in traditional Chinese and Iranian medicinal sciences with antioxidant activities. Letters in Drug Design & Discovery. 2023;20(9):1171-84. doi: 10.2174/1570180819666220414102700.
5. Mohammadi, S., Rostamkhani, F., Riyahi Malayeri, S. et al. High-intensity interval training with probiotic supplementation decreases gene expression of NF-κβ and CXCL2 in small intestine of rats with steatosis. Sport Sci Health 18, 491–497 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-021-00829-5.
6. Hosseinzadeh H, Nassiri-Asl M. Avicenna's (Ibn Sina) the Canon of Medicine and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2013;27(4):475-83. Epub 2012/07/21. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4784. PubMed PMID: 22815242; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC22815242.
7. Schmidt BM, Cheng DMK. Ethnobotany: A phytochemical perspective: John Wiley & Sons; 2017. ISBN: 978-1118961902.
8. Houlihan B, Vidar Hanstad D, Loland S, Waddington I. The World Anti-Doping Agency at 20: progress and challenges. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. 2019;11(2):193-201. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2019.1617765.
9. Ekar T, Kreft S. Common risks of adulterated and mislabeled herbal preparations. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019;123:288-97. Epub 2018/10/20. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.043. PubMed PMID: 30339960; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30339960.
10. Martínez-Sanz JM, Sospedra I, Mañas Ortiz C, Baladía E, Gil-Izquierdo A, Ortiz-Moncada R. Intended or unintended doping? A review of the presence of doping substances in dietary supplements used in sports. Nutrients. 2017;9(10):1093. doi: 10.3390/nu9101093. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC28976928.
11. Riyahi Malayeri, S., Mirakhorli, M. The Effect of 8 Weeks of Moderate Intensity Interval Training on Omentin Levels and Insulin Resistance Index in Obese Adolescent Girls. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations, 2018; 10(2):59-68. https://www.sportrc.ir/article_67070.html?lang=en.
12. Bucci LR. Selected herbals and human exercise performance. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2 Suppl):624S-36S. Epub 2000/08/02. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/72.2.624S. PubMed PMID: 10919969; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10919969.
13. Ambrose PJ. Drug use in sports: a veritable arena for pharmacists. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2004;44(4):501-14; quiz 14-6. Epub 2004/09/18. doi: 10.1331/1544345041475698. PubMed PMID: 15372871; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15372871.
14. Winterstein AP, Storrs CM. Herbal supplements: considerations for the athletic trainer. Journal of athletic training. 2001;36(4):425-32. Epub 2006/03/25. PubMed PMID: 16558669; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC155440.
15. Maughan RJ, Burke LM, Dvorak J, Larson-Meyer DE, Peeling P, Phillips SM, et al. IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism. 2018;28(2):104-25. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC29540367.
16. Khoobkhahi N, Delavar R, Nayebifar S. The combinatory effects of combined training (endurance–resistance) and garlic supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant adaptations in untrained boys. Science & Sports. 2019;34(6):410. e1-. e7. doi: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.05.007.
17. Tahergorabi Z, Abedini MR, Mitra M, Fard MH, Beydokhti H. “Ziziphus jujuba”: A red fruit with promising anticancer activities. Pharmacognosy reviews. 2015;9(18):99. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.162108. PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4557242.
18. Norouzi HR, Rahmani A. The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Endurance Training Along With Jujube Supplement Consumption on the State of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacities of Testicular Tissue of Immature Male Wistar Rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2023;10(1):67-82. doi: 10.22049/JAHSSP.2022.28004.1498.
19. Karimiasl A, Ghasemikalateh F, Rahmani A, Norouzi HR. The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Endurance Training Along With Jujube Supplement Consumption on the State of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacities of Testicular Tissue of Immature Male Wistar Rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2023;10(1):67-82. doi: 10.22049/jahssp.2022.28004.1498.
20. Hosseini M, Bambaeichi E, Sarir H, Kargarfard M. Effect of Training with or without Ziziphus Jujuba Extract on Cardiokines in Heart Tissue of Myocardial Infarcted Rats. International journal of preventive medicine. 2019;10:103. Epub 2019/07/31. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_367_18. PubMed PMID: 31360350; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6592135.
21. Ghorbani A, Esmaeilizadeh M. Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine. 2017;7(4):433-40. Epub 2017/10/17. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.014. PubMed PMID: 29034191; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5634728.
22. Shikov AN, Narkevich IA, Flisyuk EV, Luzhanin VG, Pozharitskaya ON. Medicinal plants from the 14(th) edition of the Russian Pharmacopoeia, recent updates. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;268:113685. Epub 2020/12/15. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113685. PubMed PMID: 33309919; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC33309919.
23. Shirdel R, Soheili S, Parsian H. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Salvia Officinalis Extract on The Changes of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms in Inactive Women. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations. 2021;13(2):177-85. doi: 20.1001.1.1735.5354.1400.13.2.12.5.677.
24. Ozrudi M. Effect of Resistance Exercises with Salvia Officinalis Supplementation on the Response of Some Bio-Hormones in Overweight Male Students. Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports. 2021;6(12):1-5. doi: 10.47829/ACMCR.
25. Wei Y-X, Xu X-Y, Song X. A review of antifungal natural products against the pathogenic fungi causing athletes' foot disease. Current Organic Chemistry. 2017;21(18):1907-19. doi: 10.2174/1385272821666170206163047.
26. Yu Z, Wang W, Yang K, Gou J, Jiang Y, Yu Z. Sports and Chinese herbal medicine. Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine. 2023:100290. doi: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2023.100290.
27. Baker LB, Nuccio RP, Jeukendrup AE. Acute effects of dietary constituents on motor skill and cognitive performance in athletes. Nutr Rev. 2014;72(12):790-802. Epub 2014/11/18. doi: 10.1111/nure.12157. PubMed PMID: 25400063; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC25400063.
28. Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Eskandari M, Shabkhiz F, Mojtahedi S, Mahmoudi N. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in combination with resistance training reduced blood pressure in the elderly hypertensive men: A randomized controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021;87(8):3255-67. Epub 2021/01/27. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14746. PubMed PMID: 33496985; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC33496985.
29. Bhandari PR. Crocus sativus L. (saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: A mini review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine. 2015;5(2):81-7. Epub 2015/07/08. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.10.009. PubMed PMID: 26151016; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4488115.
30. Lewis JE, Poles J, Shaw DP, Karhu E, Khan SA, Lyons AE, et al. The effects of twenty-one nutrients and phytonutrients on cognitive function: A narrative review. Journal of clinical and translational research. 2021;7(4):575-620. Epub 2021/09/21. PubMed PMID: 34541370; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8445631.
31. Akbari-Fakhrabadi M, Najafi M, Mortazavian S, Rasouli M, Memari AH, Shidfar F. Effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and endurance training on mitochondrial biogenesis, endurance capacity, inflammation, antioxidant, and metabolic biomarkers in Wistar rats. Journal of food biochemistry. 2019;43(8):e12946. Epub 2019/08/02. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12946. PubMed PMID: 31368566; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC31368566.
32. Sharafi S, Hassanpour G, Noura M. The Effect of Pilates Training along with Saffron Consumption on Body Composition of Female. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2020;1(1):58-66. doi: 10.30495/VARZESH.2020.678439.
33. Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Rep. 2010;3(6):895-901. Epub 2010/12/07. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377. PubMed PMID: 21132119; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2995283.
34. Dolati S. A Review of the Therapeutic Effects of Chamomile (Matricaria Chamomile) in Traditional and Modern Medicine. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2021;1(2):1-12. doi: 10.3390/nu14071370. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC35405982.
35. Fathi I, Khalafzadeh R, Pasavand P, Karimizadeh Fard E, Soltani Nejad S. The Effects of Eight Weeks of Swimming Training and Chamomile Extract Administration on Serum Levels of Sex Hormones in Rats. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2021;1(2):37-45. doi: 10.30495/VARZESH.2021.1921845.1006.
36. Laws KR, Sweetnam H, Kondel TK. Is Ginkgo biloba a cognitive enhancer in healthy individuals? A meta‐analysis. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental. 2012;27(6):527-33. doi: 10.1002/hup.2259. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC23001963.
37. Hosaini SA, Vafaee M, Abedi B. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Ginkgo biloba Herbal Supplementation on Lipocalin 2 Levels and Insulin Resistance in Obese Men. Disease and Diagnosis. 2022;12(1):21-8. doi: 10.34172/ddj.2022.426.
38. Atashak S. Effect of Ginkgo biloba L. on total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde after aerobic exercise in inactive women. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 2018;34(3):401-11. doi: 10.22092/IJMAPR.2018.116015.2173.
39. Atashak S, Roshdi Bonab R, Kianmarz Bonab V. The Acute Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on muscle soreness markers and C-reactive protein (CRP) after high intensity interval training (HIIT) in active girls. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations. 2021;13(2):125-38. doi: 20.1001.1.1735.5354.1400.13.2.8.1.677.
40. Rahimi-Madiseh M, Lorigoini Z, Zamani-Gharaghoshi H, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Berberis vulgaris: specifications and traditional uses. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences. 2017;20(5):569-87. Epub 2017/06/29. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8690. PubMed PMID: 28656092; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5478785.
41. Končić MZ, Kremer D, Karlović K, Kosalec I. Evaluation of antioxidant activities and phenolic content of Berberis vulgaris L. and Berberis croatica Horvat. Food and chemical toxicology. 2010;48(8-9):2176-80. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.025. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC20488218.
42. Aliakbarlu J, Ghiasi S, Bazargani-Gilani B. Effect of extraction conditions on antioxidant activity of barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) fruit extracts. Veterinary Research Forum. 2018;9(4):361. doi: 10.30466/vrf.2018.33090. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30713616.
43. Lazavi F, Mirmiran P, Sohrab G, Eshkevari N, Hedayati M, Akbarpour S. Effect of barberry juice consumption on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Research in Medicine. 2016;39(4):183-8. URL: http://pejouhesh.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-1488-en.html.
44. Fatehi M, Saleh TM, Fatehi-Hassanabad Z, Farrokhfal K, Jafarzadeh M, Davodi S. A pharmacological study on Berberis vulgaris fruit extract. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;102(1):46-52. Epub 2005/07/05. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.019. PubMed PMID: 15993555; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15993555.
45. Nikmanesh N, Ghaedi H. The Effect of Dried Barberry Root Supplementation on Muscular Pain and Serum Antioxidant Enzymes Following a Session of Eccentric Exhaustion Exercise in Non-athlete Women. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2021;1(2):13-25. doi: 10.30495/VARZESH.2021.1918664.1001.
46. Azizi R, Mohammadi A, Khajehlandi A. The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Barberry and Selected Training on some Blood Factors in Men with Type2 Diabetes (A Quasi-Experimental Study). Jorjani Biomedicine Journal. 2020;8(4):11-6. doi: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.8.4.11.
47. Emamat H, Zahedmehr A, Asadian S, Tangestani H, Nasrollahzadeh J. Effect of barberry (Berberis vulgaris) consumption on blood pressure, plasma lipids, and inflammation in patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2020;21(1):986. Epub 2020/11/29. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04918-7. PubMed PMID: 33246500; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7694417.
48. Mikulska P, Malinowska M, Ignacyk M, Szustowski P, Nowak J, Pesta K, et al. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)-Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(4). Epub 2023/04/28. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041057. PubMed PMID: 37111543; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC10147008.
49. Speers AB, Cabey KA, Soumyanath A, Wright KM. Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress- Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current neuropharmacology. 2021;19(9):1468-95. Epub 2021/07/14. doi: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556. PubMed PMID: 34254920; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8762185.
50. Singh N, Bhalla M, de Jager P, Gilca M. An overview on ashwagandha: a Rasayana (rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM. 2011;8(5 Suppl):208-13. Epub 2011/01/01. doi: 10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.9. PubMed PMID: 22754076; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3252722.
51. Durg S, Dhadde SB, Vandal R, Shivakumar BS, Charan CS. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) in neurobehavioural disorders induced by brain oxidative stress in rodents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 2015;67(7):879-99. Epub 2015/04/02. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12398. PubMed PMID: 25828061; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC25828061.
52. Perez-Gomez J, Villafaina S, Adsuar JC, Merellano-Navarro E, Collado-Mateo D. Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on VO(2max): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12(4). Epub 2020/04/23. doi: 10.3390/nu12041119. PubMed PMID: 32316411; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7230697.
53. Bonilla DA, Moreno Y, Gho C, Petro JL, Odriozola-Martinez A, Kreider RB. Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Physical Performance: Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis. Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology. 2021;6(1). Epub 2021/03/07. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6010020. PubMed PMID: 33670194; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8006238
54. Ziegenfuss TN, Kedia AW, Sandrock JE, Raub BJ, Kerksick CM, Lopez HL. Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Withania somnifera on Strength Training Adaptations and Recovery: The STAR Trial. Nutrients. 2018;10(11). Epub 2018/11/23. doi: 10.3390/nu10111807. PubMed PMID: 30463324; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6266766.
55. Langley P. Why a pomegranate? BMJ. 2000;321(7269):1153-4. Epub 2000/11/04. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1153. PubMed PMID: 11061746; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1118911.
56. Khafagi I, Zakaria A, Dewedar A, El-Zahdany K. A voyage in the world of plants as mentioned in the Holy Quran. International Journal of Botany. 2006;2(3):242-51. doi: 10.3923/ijb.2006.242.251.
57. Snyder J. Jan van Eyck and Adam's apple. The Art Bulletin. 1976;58(4):511-6. doi: 10.1080/00043079.1976.10787338.
58. Azadzoi KM, Schulman RN, Aviram M, Siroky MB. Oxidative stress in arteriogenic erectile dysfunction: prophylactic role of antioxidants. The Journal of urology. 2005;174(1):386-93. Epub 2005/06/11. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000161209.39959.67. PubMed PMID: 15947695; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15947695.
59. Seeram NP, Aviram M, Zhang Y, Henning SM, Feng L, Dreher M, et al. Comparison of antioxidant potency of commonly consumed polyphenol-rich beverages in the United States. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2008;56(4):1415-22. Epub 2008/01/29. doi: 10.1021/jf073035s. PubMed PMID: 18220345; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC18220345.
60. Ammar A, Turki M, Hammouda O, Chtourou H, Trabelsi K, Bouaziz M, et al. Effects of Pomegranate Juice Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Following Weightlifting Exercise. Nutrients. 2017;9(8). Epub 2017/08/02. doi: 10.3390/nu9080819. PubMed PMID: 28758938; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5579613.
61. Arabzadeh E, Shirvani H, Ebadi Zahmatkesh M, Riyahi Malayeri S, Meftahi GH, Rostamkhani F. Irisin/FNDC5 influences myogenic markers on skeletal muscle following high and moderate-intensity exercise training in STZ-diabetic rats. 3 Biotech. 2022 Sep;12(9):193. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03253-9. Epub 2022 Jul 26. PMID: 35910290; PMCID: PMC9325938.
62. Kelawala NS, Ananthanarayan L. Antioxidant activity of selected foodstuffs. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2004;55(6):511-6. Epub 2005/03/15. doi: 10.1080/09637480400015794. PubMed PMID: 15762315; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15762315.
63. Sadegh Eghbali F, Bijeh N, Attarzadeh Hoseini SR. Effect of eight weeks of combined training exercise with and without pomegranate concentrate consumption on metabolic syndrome indexes in obese and overweight middle-aged women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2016;19(1.2):16-24. doi: 20.1001.1.23830441.2021.8.1.4.2.
64. Torregrosa-Garcia A, Avila-Gandia V, Luque-Rubia AJ, Abellan-Ruiz MS, Querol-Calderon M, Lopez-Roman FJ. Pomegranate Extract Improves Maximal Performance of Trained Cyclists after an Exhausting Endurance Trial: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2019;11(4). Epub 2019/03/31. doi: 10.3390/nu11040721. PubMed PMID: 30925733; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6521089.
65. Ammar A, Bailey SJ, Chtourou H, Trabelsi K, Turki M, Hokelmann A, et al. Effects of pomegranate supplementation on exercise performance and post-exercise recovery in healthy adults: a systematic review. The British journal of nutrition. 2018;120(11):1201-16. Epub 2018/10/24. doi: 10.1017/S0007114518002696. PubMed PMID: 30350760; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30350760.
66. Debjit Bhowmik C, Kumar K, Chandira M, Jayakar B. Turmeric: a herbal and traditional medicine. Arch Appl Sci Res. 2009;1(2):86-108. URL: https://www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com/abstract/turmeric-a-herbal-and-traditional-medicine-915.html.
67. Akaberi M, Sahebkar A, Emami SA. Turmeric and Curcumin: From Traditional to Modern Medicine. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1291:15-39. Epub 2021/08/01. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-56153-6_2. PubMed PMID: 34331682; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC34331682.
68. Naghizadeh N, Riyahi Malayeri S, Roozbahani M, Khademi A, Shirvani H. The Effectiveness of Endurance Training and Nano Curcumin Consumption on Short-Term Memory in Mice with Glioblastoma Multiforme Brain Tumor. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2023; 33 (226) :28-40.URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-19767-en.html.
69. Naghizadeh, N., Riyahi Malayeri, S., Roozbahani, M., Khademi, A., Shirvani, H. The Effectiveness of Endurance Training and Nano Curcumin Supplementation on the Expression of Mir-21and P53 Genes in Brain Tumor Tissue in an Animal Model of Glioblastoma Multiform. Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health, 2024; 12(1): -. doi: 10.22038/jnfh.2023.73964.1455
70. Shadkam T, Nazarali P, Bijeh N. The effect of aerobic exercises combined with curcuma longa supplementation on cardiovascular inflammatory indexes and body composition in sedentary women. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2016;8(2):193-206. doi: 10.22059/jsb.2016.59095.
71. Machin DR, Christmas KM, Chou T-H, Hill SC, Van Pelt DW, Trombold JR, et al. Effects of differing dosages of pomegranate juice supplementation after eccentric exercise. Physiology Journal. 2014;2014(25):1782-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318220d992. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC21659887.
72. Uchio R, Kawasaki K, Okuda-Hanafusa C, Saji R, Muroyama K, Murosaki S, et al. Curcuma longa extract improves serum inflammatory markers and mental health in healthy participants who are overweight: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition journal. 2021;20(1):91. Epub 2021/11/15. doi: 10.1186/s12937-021-00748-8. PubMed PMID: 34774052; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8590273.
73. Adab Z, Eghtesadi S, Vafa M, Heydari I, Shojaei A, Haqqani H, et al. Effect of turmeric on body measurement indices, glycemic condition, and lipid profile in hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology. 2013;8(3):217-27. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6312. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30859660.
74. McFarlin BK, Venable AS, Henning AL, Sampson JN, Pennel K, Vingren JL, et al. Reduced inflammatory and muscle damage biomarkers following oral supplementation with bioavailable curcumin. BBA clinical. 2016;5:72-8. Epub 2016/04/07. doi: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.02.003. PubMed PMID: 27051592; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4802396.
75. Farzanegi P, Saberi S, Fakharian A, Rasaee MJ, Dabidi Roshan V. Combined effects of Curcuma longa and exercise training on kidney and spleen tissue levels of glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl in rats exposed to lead. Pathobiology Research. 2012;15(3):49-62. URL: http://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article-30-11448-en.html.
76. O'Connor E, Mundel T, Barnes MJ. Nutritional Compounds to Improve Post-Exercise Recovery. Nutrients. 2022;14(23). Epub 2022/12/12. doi: 10.3390/nu14235069. PubMed PMID: 36501099; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC9736198.
77. Nagao T, Komine Y, Soga S, Meguro S, Hase T, Tanaka Y, et al. Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(1):122-9. Epub 2005/01/11. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/81.1.122. PubMed PMID: 15640470; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15640470.
78. Hursel R, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Catechin- and caffeine-rich teas for control of body weight in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98(6 Suppl):1682S-93S. Epub 2013/11/01. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.058396. PubMed PMID: 24172301; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC24172301.
79. Warden BA, Smith LS, Beecher GR, Balentine DA, Clevidence BA. Catechins are bioavailable in men and women drinking black tea throughout the day. The Journal of nutrition. 2001;131(6):1731-7. Epub 2001/06/01. doi: 10.1093/jn/131.6.1731. PubMed PMID: 11385060; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11385060.
80. Hassani Pazaki, A., Riyahi Malayeri, S., Mohammadi, M., Kamyabi, M. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and green tea supplementation on apelin and fat profile of overweight and obese women. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants, 2023; 3(10): -. doi: 10.30495/varzesh.2023.1980490.1052.
81. Bagheri R, Rashidlamir A, Ashtary-Larky D, Wong A, Alipour M, Motevalli MS, et al. Does green tea extract enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on fat loss? Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;86(4):753-62. Epub 2019/11/21. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14176. PubMed PMID: 31747468; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7098875.
82. Willems MET, Fry HL, Belding MA, Kaviani M. Three Weeks Daily Intake of Matcha Green Tea Powder Affects Substrate Oxidation during Moderate-Intensity Exercise in Females. J Diet Suppl. 2021;18(5):566-76. Epub 2020/09/03. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1811443. PubMed PMID: 32875933; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC32875933.
83. Li P, Liu A, Xiong W, Lin H, Xiao W, Huang J, et al. Catechins enhance skeletal muscle performance. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(3):515-28. Epub 2019/01/12. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1549534. PubMed PMID: 30633538; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30633538.
84. Fox CD, Garner CT, Mumford PW, Beck DT, Roberts MD. Higher doses of a green tea-based supplement increase post-exercise blood flow following an acute resistance exercise bout in recreationally resistance-trained college-aged men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020;17(1):27. Epub 2020/05/29. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00358-5. PubMed PMID: 32460790; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7254661.
85. Jówko E. Green tea catechins and sport performance. SPORT NUTRITION. 2015;123. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC26065095.
86. Zolfaghari F, Amir Hossein H, Mohammadreza H. The effect of two different doses of green tea on substrate metabolism and energy expenditure before, during and after one session of aerobic exercise in overweight and obese women. Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2018;61(3):985-96. doi: 10.22038/MJMS.2018.12118.
87. Sadeghian M, Rahmani S, Zendehdel M, Hosseini SA, Zare Javid A. Ginseng and Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Nutr Cancer. 2021;73(8):1270-81. Epub 2020/07/22. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1795691. PubMed PMID: 32691627; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC32691627.
88. Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. The power of natural Chinese medicine, ginger and ginseng root in an organic life. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 2019;27(1):64-71. doi: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2019.64.71.
89. Shin EJ, Jo S, Choi S, Cho CW, Lim WC, Hong HD, et al. Red Ginseng Improves Exercise Endurance by Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Myoblast Differentiation. Molecules. 2020;25(4):865. Epub 2020/02/23. doi: 10.3390/molecules25040865. PubMed PMID: 32079067; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7070955.
90. Ziemba AW, Chmura J, Kaciuba-Uscilko H, Nazar K, Wisnik P, Gawronski W. Ginseng treatment improves psychomotor performance at rest and during graded exercise in young athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 1999;9(4):371-7. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.9.4.371. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10660868.
91. Lu G, Liu Z, Wang X, Wang C. Recent advances in panax ginseng CA Meyer as a herb for anti-fatigue: An effects and mechanisms review. Foods. 2021;10(5):1030. doi: 10.3390/foods10051030. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC34068545.
92. Huang Y, Kwan KKL, Leung KW, Yao P, Wang H, Dong TT, et al. Ginseng extracts modulate mitochondrial bioenergetics of live cardiomyoblasts: a functional comparison of different extraction solvents. J Ginseng Res. 2019;43(4):517-26. Epub 2019/11/07. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.02.002. PubMed PMID: 31695560; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6823796.
93. Lin CH, Lin YA, Chen SL, Hsu MC, Hsu CC. American Ginseng Attenuates Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage via the Modulation of Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammatory Adaptation in Males. Nutrients. 2021;14(1):78. Epub 2022/01/12. doi: 10.3390/nu14010078. PubMed PMID: 35010953; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8746757.
94. Jung HC, Lee NH, Kim YC, Lee S. The effects of wild ginseng extract on psychomotor and neuromuscular performance recovery following acute eccentric exercise: A preliminary study. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(17):5839. doi: 10.3390/app10175839.
95. Guo Y, Wang L, Lu J, Jiao J, Yang Y, Zhao H, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1 improves cognitive capability and affects the microbiota of large intestine of tree shrew model for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Med Rep. 2021;23(4):1-11. Epub 2021/03/03. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11931. PubMed PMID: 33649817; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7930927.
96. Pomeroy DE, Tooley KL, Probert B, Wilson A, Kemps E. A Systematic Review of the Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Young Adults and Military Personnel. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):545. Epub 2020/02/26. doi: 10.3390/nu12020545. PubMed PMID: 32093203; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7071459.
1. Sellami M, Slimeni O, Pokrywka A, Kuvacic G, L DH, Milic M, et al. Herbal medicine for sports: a review. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018;15(1):14. Epub 2018/03/24. doi: 10.1186/s12970-018-0218-y. PubMed PMID: 29568244; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5856322.
2. Masoud S, Maryam R, Sadegh R, Mahnaz M, Mahmoud B. A Review of Medicinal Plants Affecting Exercise and Physical Health Factors in Athletes. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research. 2019;10(4):212-. doi: 10.1186/s12913-016-1423-5. PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4943498.
3. Wahi A, Nagpal R, Verma S, Narula A, Tonk RK, Kumar S. A Comprehensive Review on Current Analytical Approaches Used for the Control of Drug Abuse in Sports. Microchemical Journal. 2023:108834. doi: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108834.
4. Shahrajabian MH, Cheng Q, Sun W. The most important medicinal herbs and plants in traditional Chinese and Iranian medicinal sciences with antioxidant activities. Letters in Drug Design & Discovery. 2023;20(9):1171-84. doi: 10.2174/1570180819666220414102700.
5. Mohammadi, S., Rostamkhani, F., Riyahi Malayeri, S. et al. High-intensity interval training with probiotic supplementation decreases gene expression of NF-κβ and CXCL2 in small intestine of rats with steatosis. Sport Sci Health 18, 491–497 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-021-00829-5.
6. Hosseinzadeh H, Nassiri-Asl M. Avicenna's (Ibn Sina) the Canon of Medicine and saffron (Crocus sativus): a review. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2013;27(4):475-83. Epub 2012/07/21. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4784. PubMed PMID: 22815242; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC22815242.
7. Schmidt BM, Cheng DMK. Ethnobotany: A phytochemical perspective: John Wiley & Sons; 2017. ISBN: 978-1118961902.
8. Houlihan B, Vidar Hanstad D, Loland S, Waddington I. The World Anti-Doping Agency at 20: progress and challenges. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. 2019;11(2):193-201. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2019.1617765.
9. Ekar T, Kreft S. Common risks of adulterated and mislabeled herbal preparations. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019;123:288-97. Epub 2018/10/20. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.043. PubMed PMID: 30339960; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30339960.
10. Martínez-Sanz JM, Sospedra I, Mañas Ortiz C, Baladía E, Gil-Izquierdo A, Ortiz-Moncada R. Intended or unintended doping? A review of the presence of doping substances in dietary supplements used in sports. Nutrients. 2017;9(10):1093. doi: 10.3390/nu9101093. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC28976928.
11. Riyahi Malayeri, S., Mirakhorli, M. The Effect of 8 Weeks of Moderate Intensity Interval Training on Omentin Levels and Insulin Resistance Index in Obese Adolescent Girls. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations, 2018; 10(2):59-68. https://www.sportrc.ir/article_67070.html?lang=en.
12. Bucci LR. Selected herbals and human exercise performance. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2 Suppl):624S-36S. Epub 2000/08/02. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/72.2.624S. PubMed PMID: 10919969; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10919969.
13. Ambrose PJ. Drug use in sports: a veritable arena for pharmacists. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2004;44(4):501-14; quiz 14-6. Epub 2004/09/18. doi: 10.1331/1544345041475698. PubMed PMID: 15372871; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15372871.
14. Winterstein AP, Storrs CM. Herbal supplements: considerations for the athletic trainer. Journal of athletic training. 2001;36(4):425-32. Epub 2006/03/25. PubMed PMID: 16558669; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC155440.
15. Maughan RJ, Burke LM, Dvorak J, Larson-Meyer DE, Peeling P, Phillips SM, et al. IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism. 2018;28(2):104-25. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC29540367.
16. Khoobkhahi N, Delavar R, Nayebifar S. The combinatory effects of combined training (endurance–resistance) and garlic supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant adaptations in untrained boys. Science & Sports. 2019;34(6):410. e1-. e7. doi: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.05.007.
17. Tahergorabi Z, Abedini MR, Mitra M, Fard MH, Beydokhti H. “Ziziphus jujuba”: A red fruit with promising anticancer activities. Pharmacognosy reviews. 2015;9(18):99. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.162108. PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4557242.
18. Norouzi HR, Rahmani A. The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Endurance Training Along With Jujube Supplement Consumption on the State of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacities of Testicular Tissue of Immature Male Wistar Rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2023;10(1):67-82. doi: 10.22049/JAHSSP.2022.28004.1498.
19. Karimiasl A, Ghasemikalateh F, Rahmani A, Norouzi HR. The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Endurance Training Along With Jujube Supplement Consumption on the State of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacities of Testicular Tissue of Immature Male Wistar Rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2023;10(1):67-82. doi: 10.22049/jahssp.2022.28004.1498.
20. Hosseini M, Bambaeichi E, Sarir H, Kargarfard M. Effect of Training with or without Ziziphus Jujuba Extract on Cardiokines in Heart Tissue of Myocardial Infarcted Rats. International journal of preventive medicine. 2019;10:103. Epub 2019/07/31. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_367_18. PubMed PMID: 31360350; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6592135.
21. Ghorbani A, Esmaeilizadeh M. Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine. 2017;7(4):433-40. Epub 2017/10/17. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.014. PubMed PMID: 29034191; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5634728.
22. Shikov AN, Narkevich IA, Flisyuk EV, Luzhanin VG, Pozharitskaya ON. Medicinal plants from the 14(th) edition of the Russian Pharmacopoeia, recent updates. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;268:113685. Epub 2020/12/15. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113685. PubMed PMID: 33309919; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC33309919.
23. Shirdel R, Soheili S, Parsian H. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Salvia Officinalis Extract on The Changes of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms in Inactive Women. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations. 2021;13(2):177-85. doi: 20.1001.1.1735.5354.1400.13.2.12.5.677.
24. Ozrudi M. Effect of Resistance Exercises with Salvia Officinalis Supplementation on the Response of Some Bio-Hormones in Overweight Male Students. Annals of Clinical and Medical Case Reports. 2021;6(12):1-5. doi: 10.47829/ACMCR.
25. Wei Y-X, Xu X-Y, Song X. A review of antifungal natural products against the pathogenic fungi causing athletes' foot disease. Current Organic Chemistry. 2017;21(18):1907-19. doi: 10.2174/1385272821666170206163047.
26. Yu Z, Wang W, Yang K, Gou J, Jiang Y, Yu Z. Sports and Chinese herbal medicine. Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine. 2023:100290. doi: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2023.100290.
27. Baker LB, Nuccio RP, Jeukendrup AE. Acute effects of dietary constituents on motor skill and cognitive performance in athletes. Nutr Rev. 2014;72(12):790-802. Epub 2014/11/18. doi: 10.1111/nure.12157. PubMed PMID: 25400063; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC25400063.
28. Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Eskandari M, Shabkhiz F, Mojtahedi S, Mahmoudi N. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in combination with resistance training reduced blood pressure in the elderly hypertensive men: A randomized controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2021;87(8):3255-67. Epub 2021/01/27. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14746. PubMed PMID: 33496985; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC33496985.
29. Bhandari PR. Crocus sativus L. (saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: A mini review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine. 2015;5(2):81-7. Epub 2015/07/08. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.10.009. PubMed PMID: 26151016; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4488115.
30. Lewis JE, Poles J, Shaw DP, Karhu E, Khan SA, Lyons AE, et al. The effects of twenty-one nutrients and phytonutrients on cognitive function: A narrative review. Journal of clinical and translational research. 2021;7(4):575-620. Epub 2021/09/21. PubMed PMID: 34541370; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8445631.
31. Akbari-Fakhrabadi M, Najafi M, Mortazavian S, Rasouli M, Memari AH, Shidfar F. Effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and endurance training on mitochondrial biogenesis, endurance capacity, inflammation, antioxidant, and metabolic biomarkers in Wistar rats. Journal of food biochemistry. 2019;43(8):e12946. Epub 2019/08/02. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12946. PubMed PMID: 31368566; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC31368566.
32. Sharafi S, Hassanpour G, Noura M. The Effect of Pilates Training along with Saffron Consumption on Body Composition of Female. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2020;1(1):58-66. doi: 10.30495/VARZESH.2020.678439.
33. Srivastava JK, Shankar E, Gupta S. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future. Mol Med Rep. 2010;3(6):895-901. Epub 2010/12/07. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377. PubMed PMID: 21132119; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2995283.
34. Dolati S. A Review of the Therapeutic Effects of Chamomile (Matricaria Chamomile) in Traditional and Modern Medicine. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2021;1(2):1-12. doi: 10.3390/nu14071370. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC35405982.
35. Fathi I, Khalafzadeh R, Pasavand P, Karimizadeh Fard E, Soltani Nejad S. The Effects of Eight Weeks of Swimming Training and Chamomile Extract Administration on Serum Levels of Sex Hormones in Rats. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2021;1(2):37-45. doi: 10.30495/VARZESH.2021.1921845.1006.
36. Laws KR, Sweetnam H, Kondel TK. Is Ginkgo biloba a cognitive enhancer in healthy individuals? A meta‐analysis. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental. 2012;27(6):527-33. doi: 10.1002/hup.2259. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC23001963.
37. Hosaini SA, Vafaee M, Abedi B. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Ginkgo biloba Herbal Supplementation on Lipocalin 2 Levels and Insulin Resistance in Obese Men. Disease and Diagnosis. 2022;12(1):21-8. doi: 10.34172/ddj.2022.426.
38. Atashak S. Effect of Ginkgo biloba L. on total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde after aerobic exercise in inactive women. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 2018;34(3):401-11. doi: 10.22092/IJMAPR.2018.116015.2173.
39. Atashak S, Roshdi Bonab R, Kianmarz Bonab V. The Acute Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on muscle soreness markers and C-reactive protein (CRP) after high intensity interval training (HIIT) in active girls. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations. 2021;13(2):125-38. doi: 20.1001.1.1735.5354.1400.13.2.8.1.677.
40. Rahimi-Madiseh M, Lorigoini Z, Zamani-Gharaghoshi H, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Berberis vulgaris: specifications and traditional uses. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences. 2017;20(5):569-87. Epub 2017/06/29. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.8690. PubMed PMID: 28656092; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5478785.
41. Končić MZ, Kremer D, Karlović K, Kosalec I. Evaluation of antioxidant activities and phenolic content of Berberis vulgaris L. and Berberis croatica Horvat. Food and chemical toxicology. 2010;48(8-9):2176-80. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.025. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC20488218.
42. Aliakbarlu J, Ghiasi S, Bazargani-Gilani B. Effect of extraction conditions on antioxidant activity of barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) fruit extracts. Veterinary Research Forum. 2018;9(4):361. doi: 10.30466/vrf.2018.33090. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30713616.
43. Lazavi F, Mirmiran P, Sohrab G, Eshkevari N, Hedayati M, Akbarpour S. Effect of barberry juice consumption on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. Research in Medicine. 2016;39(4):183-8. URL: http://pejouhesh.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-1488-en.html.
44. Fatehi M, Saleh TM, Fatehi-Hassanabad Z, Farrokhfal K, Jafarzadeh M, Davodi S. A pharmacological study on Berberis vulgaris fruit extract. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;102(1):46-52. Epub 2005/07/05. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.019. PubMed PMID: 15993555; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15993555.
45. Nikmanesh N, Ghaedi H. The Effect of Dried Barberry Root Supplementation on Muscular Pain and Serum Antioxidant Enzymes Following a Session of Eccentric Exhaustion Exercise in Non-athlete Women. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants. 2021;1(2):13-25. doi: 10.30495/VARZESH.2021.1918664.1001.
46. Azizi R, Mohammadi A, Khajehlandi A. The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Barberry and Selected Training on some Blood Factors in Men with Type2 Diabetes (A Quasi-Experimental Study). Jorjani Biomedicine Journal. 2020;8(4):11-6. doi: 10.52547/jorjanibiomedj.8.4.11.
47. Emamat H, Zahedmehr A, Asadian S, Tangestani H, Nasrollahzadeh J. Effect of barberry (Berberis vulgaris) consumption on blood pressure, plasma lipids, and inflammation in patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials. 2020;21(1):986. Epub 2020/11/29. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04918-7. PubMed PMID: 33246500; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7694417.
48. Mikulska P, Malinowska M, Ignacyk M, Szustowski P, Nowak J, Pesta K, et al. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)-Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(4). Epub 2023/04/28. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041057. PubMed PMID: 37111543; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC10147008.
49. Speers AB, Cabey KA, Soumyanath A, Wright KM. Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Stress and the Stress- Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Current neuropharmacology. 2021;19(9):1468-95. Epub 2021/07/14. doi: 10.2174/1570159X19666210712151556. PubMed PMID: 34254920; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8762185.
50. Singh N, Bhalla M, de Jager P, Gilca M. An overview on ashwagandha: a Rasayana (rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM. 2011;8(5 Suppl):208-13. Epub 2011/01/01. doi: 10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.9. PubMed PMID: 22754076; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3252722.
51. Durg S, Dhadde SB, Vandal R, Shivakumar BS, Charan CS. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) in neurobehavioural disorders induced by brain oxidative stress in rodents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 2015;67(7):879-99. Epub 2015/04/02. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12398. PubMed PMID: 25828061; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC25828061.
52. Perez-Gomez J, Villafaina S, Adsuar JC, Merellano-Navarro E, Collado-Mateo D. Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on VO(2max): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12(4). Epub 2020/04/23. doi: 10.3390/nu12041119. PubMed PMID: 32316411; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7230697.
53. Bonilla DA, Moreno Y, Gho C, Petro JL, Odriozola-Martinez A, Kreider RB. Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Physical Performance: Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis. Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology. 2021;6(1). Epub 2021/03/07. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6010020. PubMed PMID: 33670194; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8006238
54. Ziegenfuss TN, Kedia AW, Sandrock JE, Raub BJ, Kerksick CM, Lopez HL. Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Withania somnifera on Strength Training Adaptations and Recovery: The STAR Trial. Nutrients. 2018;10(11). Epub 2018/11/23. doi: 10.3390/nu10111807. PubMed PMID: 30463324; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6266766.
55. Langley P. Why a pomegranate? BMJ. 2000;321(7269):1153-4. Epub 2000/11/04. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1153. PubMed PMID: 11061746; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1118911.
56. Khafagi I, Zakaria A, Dewedar A, El-Zahdany K. A voyage in the world of plants as mentioned in the Holy Quran. International Journal of Botany. 2006;2(3):242-51. doi: 10.3923/ijb.2006.242.251.
57. Snyder J. Jan van Eyck and Adam's apple. The Art Bulletin. 1976;58(4):511-6. doi: 10.1080/00043079.1976.10787338.
58. Azadzoi KM, Schulman RN, Aviram M, Siroky MB. Oxidative stress in arteriogenic erectile dysfunction: prophylactic role of antioxidants. The Journal of urology. 2005;174(1):386-93. Epub 2005/06/11. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000161209.39959.67. PubMed PMID: 15947695; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15947695.
59. Seeram NP, Aviram M, Zhang Y, Henning SM, Feng L, Dreher M, et al. Comparison of antioxidant potency of commonly consumed polyphenol-rich beverages in the United States. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2008;56(4):1415-22. Epub 2008/01/29. doi: 10.1021/jf073035s. PubMed PMID: 18220345; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC18220345.
60. Ammar A, Turki M, Hammouda O, Chtourou H, Trabelsi K, Bouaziz M, et al. Effects of Pomegranate Juice Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Following Weightlifting Exercise. Nutrients. 2017;9(8). Epub 2017/08/02. doi: 10.3390/nu9080819. PubMed PMID: 28758938; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5579613.
61. Arabzadeh E, Shirvani H, Ebadi Zahmatkesh M, Riyahi Malayeri S, Meftahi GH, Rostamkhani F. Irisin/FNDC5 influences myogenic markers on skeletal muscle following high and moderate-intensity exercise training in STZ-diabetic rats. 3 Biotech. 2022 Sep;12(9):193. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03253-9. Epub 2022 Jul 26. PMID: 35910290; PMCID: PMC9325938.
62. Kelawala NS, Ananthanarayan L. Antioxidant activity of selected foodstuffs. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2004;55(6):511-6. Epub 2005/03/15. doi: 10.1080/09637480400015794. PubMed PMID: 15762315; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15762315.
63. Sadegh Eghbali F, Bijeh N, Attarzadeh Hoseini SR. Effect of eight weeks of combined training exercise with and without pomegranate concentrate consumption on metabolic syndrome indexes in obese and overweight middle-aged women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2016;19(1.2):16-24. doi: 20.1001.1.23830441.2021.8.1.4.2.
64. Torregrosa-Garcia A, Avila-Gandia V, Luque-Rubia AJ, Abellan-Ruiz MS, Querol-Calderon M, Lopez-Roman FJ. Pomegranate Extract Improves Maximal Performance of Trained Cyclists after an Exhausting Endurance Trial: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2019;11(4). Epub 2019/03/31. doi: 10.3390/nu11040721. PubMed PMID: 30925733; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6521089.
65. Ammar A, Bailey SJ, Chtourou H, Trabelsi K, Turki M, Hokelmann A, et al. Effects of pomegranate supplementation on exercise performance and post-exercise recovery in healthy adults: a systematic review. The British journal of nutrition. 2018;120(11):1201-16. Epub 2018/10/24. doi: 10.1017/S0007114518002696. PubMed PMID: 30350760; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30350760.
66. Debjit Bhowmik C, Kumar K, Chandira M, Jayakar B. Turmeric: a herbal and traditional medicine. Arch Appl Sci Res. 2009;1(2):86-108. URL: https://www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com/abstract/turmeric-a-herbal-and-traditional-medicine-915.html.
67. Akaberi M, Sahebkar A, Emami SA. Turmeric and Curcumin: From Traditional to Modern Medicine. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1291:15-39. Epub 2021/08/01. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-56153-6_2. PubMed PMID: 34331682; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC34331682.
68. Naghizadeh N, Riyahi Malayeri S, Roozbahani M, Khademi A, Shirvani H. The Effectiveness of Endurance Training and Nano Curcumin Consumption on Short-Term Memory in Mice with Glioblastoma Multiforme Brain Tumor. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2023; 33 (226) :28-40.URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-19767-en.html.
69. Naghizadeh, N., Riyahi Malayeri, S., Roozbahani, M., Khademi, A., Shirvani, H. The Effectiveness of Endurance Training and Nano Curcumin Supplementation on the Expression of Mir-21and P53 Genes in Brain Tumor Tissue in an Animal Model of Glioblastoma Multiform. Journal of Nutrition,Fasting and Health, 2024; 12(1): -. doi: 10.22038/jnfh.2023.73964.1455
70. Shadkam T, Nazarali P, Bijeh N. The effect of aerobic exercises combined with curcuma longa supplementation on cardiovascular inflammatory indexes and body composition in sedentary women. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2016;8(2):193-206. doi: 10.22059/jsb.2016.59095.
71. Machin DR, Christmas KM, Chou T-H, Hill SC, Van Pelt DW, Trombold JR, et al. Effects of differing dosages of pomegranate juice supplementation after eccentric exercise. Physiology Journal. 2014;2014(25):1782-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318220d992. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC21659887.
72. Uchio R, Kawasaki K, Okuda-Hanafusa C, Saji R, Muroyama K, Murosaki S, et al. Curcuma longa extract improves serum inflammatory markers and mental health in healthy participants who are overweight: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition journal. 2021;20(1):91. Epub 2021/11/15. doi: 10.1186/s12937-021-00748-8. PubMed PMID: 34774052; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8590273.
73. Adab Z, Eghtesadi S, Vafa M, Heydari I, Shojaei A, Haqqani H, et al. Effect of turmeric on body measurement indices, glycemic condition, and lipid profile in hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology. 2013;8(3):217-27. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6312. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30859660.
74. McFarlin BK, Venable AS, Henning AL, Sampson JN, Pennel K, Vingren JL, et al. Reduced inflammatory and muscle damage biomarkers following oral supplementation with bioavailable curcumin. BBA clinical. 2016;5:72-8. Epub 2016/04/07. doi: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.02.003. PubMed PMID: 27051592; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4802396.
75. Farzanegi P, Saberi S, Fakharian A, Rasaee MJ, Dabidi Roshan V. Combined effects of Curcuma longa and exercise training on kidney and spleen tissue levels of glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl in rats exposed to lead. Pathobiology Research. 2012;15(3):49-62. URL: http://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article-30-11448-en.html.
76. O'Connor E, Mundel T, Barnes MJ. Nutritional Compounds to Improve Post-Exercise Recovery. Nutrients. 2022;14(23). Epub 2022/12/12. doi: 10.3390/nu14235069. PubMed PMID: 36501099; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC9736198.
77. Nagao T, Komine Y, Soga S, Meguro S, Hase T, Tanaka Y, et al. Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(1):122-9. Epub 2005/01/11. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/81.1.122. PubMed PMID: 15640470; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC15640470.
78. Hursel R, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Catechin- and caffeine-rich teas for control of body weight in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98(6 Suppl):1682S-93S. Epub 2013/11/01. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.058396. PubMed PMID: 24172301; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC24172301.
79. Warden BA, Smith LS, Beecher GR, Balentine DA, Clevidence BA. Catechins are bioavailable in men and women drinking black tea throughout the day. The Journal of nutrition. 2001;131(6):1731-7. Epub 2001/06/01. doi: 10.1093/jn/131.6.1731. PubMed PMID: 11385060; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11385060.
80. Hassani Pazaki, A., Riyahi Malayeri, S., Mohammadi, M., Kamyabi, M. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and green tea supplementation on apelin and fat profile of overweight and obese women. Researches in Sport Sciences and Medical Plants, 2023; 3(10): -. doi: 10.30495/varzesh.2023.1980490.1052.
81. Bagheri R, Rashidlamir A, Ashtary-Larky D, Wong A, Alipour M, Motevalli MS, et al. Does green tea extract enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on fat loss? Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;86(4):753-62. Epub 2019/11/21. doi: 10.1111/bcp.14176. PubMed PMID: 31747468; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7098875.
82. Willems MET, Fry HL, Belding MA, Kaviani M. Three Weeks Daily Intake of Matcha Green Tea Powder Affects Substrate Oxidation during Moderate-Intensity Exercise in Females. J Diet Suppl. 2021;18(5):566-76. Epub 2020/09/03. doi: 10.1080/19390211.2020.1811443. PubMed PMID: 32875933; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC32875933.
83. Li P, Liu A, Xiong W, Lin H, Xiao W, Huang J, et al. Catechins enhance skeletal muscle performance. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(3):515-28. Epub 2019/01/12. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1549534. PubMed PMID: 30633538; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC30633538.
84. Fox CD, Garner CT, Mumford PW, Beck DT, Roberts MD. Higher doses of a green tea-based supplement increase post-exercise blood flow following an acute resistance exercise bout in recreationally resistance-trained college-aged men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020;17(1):27. Epub 2020/05/29. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00358-5. PubMed PMID: 32460790; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7254661.
85. Jówko E. Green tea catechins and sport performance. SPORT NUTRITION. 2015;123. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC26065095.
86. Zolfaghari F, Amir Hossein H, Mohammadreza H. The effect of two different doses of green tea on substrate metabolism and energy expenditure before, during and after one session of aerobic exercise in overweight and obese women. Medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences. 2018;61(3):985-96. doi: 10.22038/MJMS.2018.12118.
87. Sadeghian M, Rahmani S, Zendehdel M, Hosseini SA, Zare Javid A. Ginseng and Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Nutr Cancer. 2021;73(8):1270-81. Epub 2020/07/22. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1795691. PubMed PMID: 32691627; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC32691627.
88. Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. The power of natural Chinese medicine, ginger and ginseng root in an organic life. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 2019;27(1):64-71. doi: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2019.64.71.
89. Shin EJ, Jo S, Choi S, Cho CW, Lim WC, Hong HD, et al. Red Ginseng Improves Exercise Endurance by Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Myoblast Differentiation. Molecules. 2020;25(4):865. Epub 2020/02/23. doi: 10.3390/molecules25040865. PubMed PMID: 32079067; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7070955.
90. Ziemba AW, Chmura J, Kaciuba-Uscilko H, Nazar K, Wisnik P, Gawronski W. Ginseng treatment improves psychomotor performance at rest and during graded exercise in young athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 1999;9(4):371-7. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.9.4.371. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10660868.
91. Lu G, Liu Z, Wang X, Wang C. Recent advances in panax ginseng CA Meyer as a herb for anti-fatigue: An effects and mechanisms review. Foods. 2021;10(5):1030. doi: 10.3390/foods10051030. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC34068545.
92. Huang Y, Kwan KKL, Leung KW, Yao P, Wang H, Dong TT, et al. Ginseng extracts modulate mitochondrial bioenergetics of live cardiomyoblasts: a functional comparison of different extraction solvents. J Ginseng Res. 2019;43(4):517-26. Epub 2019/11/07. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.02.002. PubMed PMID: 31695560; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6823796.
93. Lin CH, Lin YA, Chen SL, Hsu MC, Hsu CC. American Ginseng Attenuates Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage via the Modulation of Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammatory Adaptation in Males. Nutrients. 2021;14(1):78. Epub 2022/01/12. doi: 10.3390/nu14010078. PubMed PMID: 35010953; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8746757.
94. Jung HC, Lee NH, Kim YC, Lee S. The effects of wild ginseng extract on psychomotor and neuromuscular performance recovery following acute eccentric exercise: A preliminary study. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(17):5839. doi: 10.3390/app10175839.
95. Guo Y, Wang L, Lu J, Jiao J, Yang Y, Zhao H, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1 improves cognitive capability and affects the microbiota of large intestine of tree shrew model for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Med Rep. 2021;23(4):1-11. Epub 2021/03/03. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11931. PubMed PMID: 33649817; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7930927.
96. Pomeroy DE, Tooley KL, Probert B, Wilson A, Kemps E. A Systematic Review of the Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Young Adults and Military Personnel. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):545. Epub 2020/02/26. doi: 10.3390/nu12020545. PubMed PMID: 32093203; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7071459.
