مطالعه اثربخشی دوره‌های مجازی بالندگی هیأت علمی دانشگاه‌ها بر اساس اصول علم تعلیم و تربیت
محورهای موضوعی : اندازه گیری اثرات و نتایج برنامه های آموزش و توسعه
بهار بندعلی
1
,
راضیه شاهوردی
2
,
سمیه رحیمی
3
,
مرتضی رضائی‌زاده
4
,
اباصلت خراسانی
5
1 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری آموزش عالی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دکتری آموزش عالی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
5 - دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: بالندگی هیئت علمی, طراحی آموزشی, دوره الکترونیکی غیرهمزمان, ارزشیابی دوره, مدل کرک‌پاتریک,
چکیده مقاله :
اینکه بسیاری از اعضای هیئت علمی دانشگاه‌های کشور، آموزش معلمی ندیده‌اند ولی معلمی می‌کنند، همواره یکی از دغدغه‌های مهم اهالی تعلیم و تربیت کشور بوده است. از سوی دیگر، بسیاری از دوره‌هایی که به صورت حضوری و یا مجازی برای آموزش معلمی به اساتید کشور برگزار می‌شوند، فاقد اثربخشی موردانتظار می‌باشند. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزشیابی اثربخشی یک دوره الکترونیکی غیرهمزمان بالندگی هیئت علمی یکی از دانشگاه‌های جامع و تراز اول کشور انجام شده است. این دوره با عنوان «صلاحیت‌های مدرسی در کلاس مجازی»، به منظور ارتقای شایستگی‌های اساتید در سه زمینه تدریس، ارزیابی و تولید محتوای الکترونیکی در کلاس مجازی طراحی و اجرا شد. طرح پژوهش حاضر کمی و راهبرد پژوهش، شبه‌آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون تک‌گروهی است. شرکت‌کنندگان این دوره 33 نفر از اعضای هیئت علمی دانشگاه بودند که این دوره را طی 5 هفته به پایان رساندند. به منظور گردآوری داده‌ها از چندین پرسشنامه خوداظهاری استفاده شد که بر اساس مؤلفه‌های سطح یک و دوی مدل کرک‌پاتریک طراحی شده بودند. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن بود که واکنش شرکت‌کنندگان (رضایت، درگیری و ارتباط با شغل) نسبت به دوره «صلاحیت‌های مدرسی در کلاس مجازی» مثبت بود و این دوره بر دانش و مهارت ادراک‌شده شرکت‌کنندگان، تأثیر معناداری داشت. با این‌حال در بُعد نگرش تنها بر نگرش شرکت‌کنندگان نسبت به تدریس تاثیر منفی داشت. ضمن اینکه اعتمادبهنفس و تعهد شرکت‌کنندگان تغییر معناداری نداشتند. این نتایج در ارتباط با هشت ویژگی پداگوژیکی و آندراگوژیکی دوره مورد بحث قرار گرفته‌اند و درباره اینکه چرا این دوره نتوانسته است بر روی نگرش، اعتمادبهنفس و تعهد اساتید تأثیر مورد انتظار را بگذارد نیز بحث شده است. همچنین اثرات و کاربرد این یافته‌ها در دو زمینه نظری و عملی در مقاله مورد بحث قرار گرفته‌اند.
In our country we face the fact that many faculty members of the universities have not received formal teacher training but they teach and this has been one major concerns in the field of education. On the other hand, many courses that are held in person or virtual with the purpose of training teaching to the professors do not serve the expected effectiveness. Hence, this study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of an electronic off-line course for development of faculty members which was held in one of the high-rank universities of Iran. This course titled "Teaching Competencies in the Virtual Classroom" was designed and implemented in order to improve the competencies of the professors in the three fields of teaching, assessment and electronic content development in the virtual classroom. The current research design was quantitative and the research strategy was a quasi-experiment of the pre-test and post-test type. The participants of this course were 33 university faculty members who completed the course in 5 weeks. In order to collect data, several self-report questionnaires were used, which were designed based on the level one and two components of Kirkpatrick's model. The results of the research showed that the reaction of the participants (satisfaction, involvement and relationship with the job) was positive towards the course and also this course had a significant effect on the perceived knowledge and skills of the participants. However, in the dimension of attitude, it had a negative effect on the attitude of the participants towards teaching. In addition, the self-confidence and commitment of the participants did not show any significant changes. These results have been discussed in relation to the eight pedagogical and andragogical features of the course, and the reasons this course has not been able to have the expected effects on the attitude, self-confidence and commitment of the professors has also been discussed. Also, the effects and application of these findings in both theoretical and practical fields are presented.
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