تفسیر ماده540 قانون مدنی با تاکید بر اصل حسن‌نیت (بررسی تطبیقی در حقوق کشورهای اسلامی، فقه امامیه و حقوق ایران)
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق مدنی
1 - کارشناسی ارشد حقوق خصوصی،گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد مرکز بین المللی بندرا نزلی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، انزلی ، ایران.
کلید واژه: اصل حسن نیت, اجرت المثل, قوه قاهره, عامل. ,
چکیده مقاله :
عقد مزارعه از جمله عقود مستمر و موقت است، لذا براي صحت آن لازم است مدت آن معين شود، گاهي با وجود تعيين مدت ممكن است در نتيجه رخ دادن قوه قاهره در مدت تعيين شده زرع نرسد و قابل برداشت نشود، در خصوص اين حالت مقنن در ماده ٥٤٠ هرگاه عقد مزارعه منقضي شود و اتفاقا زرع نرسيده باشد مزارع »: قانون مدني بيان ميدارد در خصوص حكم .« حق دارد كه زراعت را ازاله كند يا آن را با اخذ اجرت المثل ابقاء كند اين ماده اختلاف نظر زيادي در بين فقها و حقوقدانان وجود دارد. در پژوهش حاضر سعي شده است ضمن بررسي و نقد نظريات مطرح شده در اين مورد، تفسيري بر مبناي اصل حسن نيت ارايه شود. همچنين راه حل حقوقي كشورهاي ديگر نظير مصر و قطر بطور اجمالي مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است.
The agricultural contract is one of the continuous and temporary contracts, therefore, for its validity, it is necessary to determine its duration, sometimes, despite the determination of the duration, as a result of the occurrence of force majeure, the crop may not reach and be harvested within the specified period, regarding this legislative situation. Article 540 of the Civil Code states: "If the farm contract expires and the crop has not yet been planted, the farmer has the right to remove the crop or to maintain it by charging a reasonable fee." Regarding the ruling of this article, there are many differences of opinion among jurists and jurists. In the present research, an attempt has been made to provide an interpretation based on the principle of good faith while reviewing and criticizing the ideas presented in this case. Also, the legal solution of other countries such as Egypt and Qatar has been briefly examined.
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