تکرار محرک و ادراک زمان: آماده سازیِ تکرار یا سرکوبِ تکرار؟
محورهای موضوعی :حسن صبوری مقدم 1 , محمدعلی نظری 2 , رضا خسرو آبادی 3 , حسین سپاسی مقدم 4
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2 - دانشگاه تبریز
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کلید واژه: مکانیسم های ادراک زمان اثر آدبال آماده سازی تکرارسرکوب تکرارتقویت تکرار,
چکیده مقاله :
آماده سازیِ تکرار و سرکوبِ تکرار دو پدیده ای هستند که به واسطة مواجهة تکراری با یک محرک به وجود می آیند. در آماده سازیِ تکرار بر بهبود عملکرد تأکید میشود ولی در مقابل، در سرکوبِ تکرار بر افزایش خطا در برآورد زمان، تأکید می گردد. در پژوهش حاضر، امکان وقوع همزمان این دو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. 12 آزمودنی بزرگسال در یک تکلیف آدبال زمان شـرکت کردند که در آن تعداد تکرار محرک های استاندارد در مقایسه با محرک هدف، دستکاری می شد. تمام تغییرات مربوط به عملکرد رفتاری و همچنین ادراک زمان در آنان به کمک روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه های مکرر تحلیل شد. این تحلیل نشان داد که ارائه مکرر محرکهای زمانی در هر دو سیستم بینایی و شنوایی باعث بهبود عملکرد رفتاری آزمودنی ها (آماده سازی تکرار) میشود. همزمان، تغییرات اندازه های ادراک زمان نیز نشان داد که علی رغم جهت متفاوت در این دو سیستم حسی، محرک آدبال می تواند باعث تحریف زمان گردد هم به شکل انقباض زمان و هم به شکل انبساط زمان. این فرض مطرح گردید که اگرچه آماده سازی تکرار در تکلیف زمان می تواند به واکنش رفتاریِ سریع تر و دقیق تر منجر گردد، ولی افزایش در شاخص تحریف زمان بعد از محرک تکراری، می تواند به تغییر در پراکندگی خطاها مربوط باشد.
Repetition priming and repetition suppression are two phenomena that both are caused by repeated exposure to an identical stimulus. Repetition priming usually is under- lined by improved behavioral performance, whereas in timing, the repetition suppression is accompanied by increasing error in time two estimations. This study investigated the possible simultaneous concurrence of these phenomena. Twelve adult subjects participated in a temporal oddball task in which the repetition of standard stimuli was under experimental manipulation, compard to the target stimulus. Both changes in performance and time representation were analyzed by a repeated measure within group design. Repeated presentations of temporal stimulus either in visual or auditory modalities improved participants behavioral performance (repetition priming). At the same time, data analysis for time representation showed that despite different directions in the modalities, the oddball stimulus was able to distort the time representation, both in time contraction and time expantion. The findings proposed that although the repetition priming can lead to faster and more accurate response, but more time distortions after repeated stimuli can be explained by the shift occured in errors distribution.
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