ارائه روش جهش هوشمند مبتنی بر الگوریتم PSO برای حل مسئله انتخاب ویژگی
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
محمود پرنده
1
,
مینا زلفی لیقوان
2
,
جعفر تنها
3
1 - دانشگاه تبریز،دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
2 - دانشگاه تبریز،دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
3 - دانشگاه تبریز،دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
کلید واژه: انتخاب ویژگی, بهینه‌سازی چندهدفه, الگوریتم PSO, مجموع وزن‌دار تطبیق‌پذیر, جهش هوشمند, نخبه‌گرایی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با افزایش حجم تولید داده، توجه به الگوریتم‌های یادگیری ماشین جهت استخراج دانش از داده‌های خام افزایش یافته است. داده خام معمولاً دارای ویژگی‌های اضافی یا تکراری است که بر روی عملکرد الگوریتم‌های یادگیری تأثیر می‌گذارد. جهت افزایش کارایی و کاهش هزینه محاسباتی الگوریتم‌های یادگیری ماشین، از الگوریتم‌های انتخاب ویژگی استفاده می‌شود که روش‌های متنوعی برای انتخاب ویژگی ارائه شده است. از جمله روش‌های انتخاب ویژگی، الگوریتم‌های تکاملی هستند که به دلیل قدرت بهینه‌سازی سراسری خود مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند. الگوریتم‌های تکاملی بسیاری برای حل مسئله انتخاب ویژگی ارائه شده که بیشتر آنها روی فضای هدف تمرکز داشته‌اند. فضای مسئله نیز می‌تواند اطلاعات مهمی برای حل مسئله انتخاب ویژگی ارائه دهد. از آنجایی که الگوریتم‌های تکاملی از مشکل عدم خروج از نقطه بهینه محلی رنج می‌برند، ارائه یک مکانیزم مؤثر برای خروج از نقطه بهینه محلی ضروری است. در این مقاله از الگوریتم تکاملی PSO با تابع چندهدفه برای انتخاب ویژگی استفاده شده که در آن یک روش جدید جهش که از امتیاز ویژگی‌های ذرات استفاده می‌کند، به همراه نخبه‌گرایی برای خروج از نقاط بهینه محلی ارائه گردیده است. الگوریتم ارائه‌شده بر روی مجموعه داده‌های مختلف تست و با الگوریتم‌های موجود بررسی شده است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی‌ها نشان می‌دهند که روش پیشنهادی در مقایسه با روش جدید RFPSOFS بهبود خطای 20%، 11%، 85% و 7% به ترتیب در دیتاست‌های Isolet، Musk، Madelon و Arrhythmia دارد.
Today, with the increase in data production volume, attention to machine learning algorithms to extract knowledge from raw data has increased. Raw data usually has redundant or irrelevant features that affect the performance of learning algorithms. Feature selection algorithms are used to improve efficiency and reduce the computational cost of machine learning algorithms. A variety of methods for selecting features are provided. Among the feature selection methods are evolutionary algorithms that have been considered because of their global optimization power. Many evolutionary algorithms have been proposed to solve the feature selection problem, most of which have focused on the target space. The problem space can also provide vital information for solving the feature selection problem. Since evolutionary algorithms suffer from the pain of not leaving the local optimal point, it is necessary to provide an effective mechanism for leaving the local optimal point. This paper uses the PSO evolutionary algorithm with a multi-objective function. In the proposed algorithm, a new mutation method that uses the particle feature score is proposed along with elitism to exit the local optimal points. The proposed algorithm is tested on different datasets and examined with existing algorithms. The simulation results show that the proposed method has an error reduction of 20%, 11%, 85%, and 7% in the Isolet, Musk, Madelon, and Arrhythmia datasets, respectively, compared to the new RFPSOFS method.
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