تقویت مشارکت بخش غیردولتی در تأمین منابع مالی آموزش عالی
محورهای موضوعی :عطیه دادجوی توکلی 1 , محمد علی حسینی 2 , مصطفی نیکنامی 3 , محمد جواد صالحی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات
2 - دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی
3 - دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
4 - مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی
کلید واژه: کلید واژگان: مشارکت, بخش غیردولتی, تأمین منابع مالی, آموزش عالی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از انجام پژوهش ارائه مدلی برای مشارکت بخش غیردولتی در تأمین مالی آموزش عالی است. با بررسی مبانی نظری و پژوهش های انجام شده تعدادی از شاخص ها و عوامل تأثیر گذار بر راه های تأمین مالی آموزش عالی شناسایی شده و سپس در مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته با 12 نفر از اعضای هیأت علمی که در زمینه راه های تأمین مالی تجربه داشتند و به صورت نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند، در مجموع 50 شاخص شناسایی شد و سپس از طریق روایی محتوایی شاخص ها تعدیل شده و در نهایت 41 شاخص برای 11عامل تأثیر گذار مورد تأیید خبر گان قرار گرفت و بر اساس شاخص های بدست آمده پرسشنامه با 41 گویه تدوین شد. پرسشنامه در یک مطالعه میدانی بین 392 نفر از اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه های علوم انسانی استان تهران که با روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شده بودند، توزیع و گردآوری شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد در دانشگاه های دولتی، دولت بیشترین سهم و ایجاد بانک آموزش عالی کمترین سهم را در تأمین منابع مالی داشته اند. در حالیکه در دانشگاه های خصوصی، دانشجو بیشترین سهم و کمک ها یا وام های مؤسسات بین المللی کمترین سهم را در تأمین منابع مالی داشته اند.
The purpose of study is to provide a model for the participation of the nongovernmental sector in higher education financing. By examining theoretical foundations and researches, a number of indicators and factors influencing the ways of financing higher education were identified and then during a semi-structured interview with 12 faculty members who had experience in financing ways, A total of 50 indicators were identified and then, by the content validity of the indicators adjusted and finally were approved by the experts for 11 factors influencing and based on the obtained indicators, a questionnaire with 41 items was formulated. The questionnaire distributed and collected in a field study among 392 faculty members of the Humanities University of Tehran province, which were selected by available sampling method. The results showed that in state universities, the government had the largest share and the creation of a higher education bank had the lowest share in funding. While in private universities, students (tuition) have had the largest share of contributions and loans or loans from international institutions having had the smallest share in funding.
[1]Account Settlement Group and Finance Department. Financial Report 2015-2016. Published by the University of Tokyo . Retrieved from https://www.u tokyo.ac.jp/content/400047821.pdf. 2017.
[ 2]Altbach, P., Reisberg, L. & Rumbley, L. Trends in global higher education: Tracking an academic revolution (Global Perspectives on Higher Education). Sense Publishers.2010.
[3]Ansari, A. Estimating the price elasticity of the demand for education using the almost ideal demand system. Quarterly Journal of Education, Vol 29, No1, pp 9-34.2011.
[4]Arcari, S., Dileo,R., Lovejoy, M. and Williamson, Ch. Annual Financial Report 2015-2016. Retrieved from www.finance.upenn.edu/vpfinance.2016.
[5] Barr, N. Financing higher education: lessons from economic theory and reform in England. Higher education in Europe, Vol 34, No 2, pp 201-209.2009.
[6]Barr, N. & Crawford, I. Financing higher education: Answers from the UK. London and New York: Routledge Press.2009.
[7] Brada ,J. Bienkowski, W. Kuboniwa, M. International Perspectives on Financing Higher Education. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN. 2015
[8] Dimmock, S. Background Risk and University Endowment Funds. The review of Economics and Statistics, Vol 94, No 3. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=921910. 2010.
[9]Din Mohammadi, M.Report on the methodology and application of the model for determining and distributing the performance-based budget of universities. Office of Program, Budget and Organization of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. 2017.
[10] Entezari, J., Naderi, A., & Mahjub, H. Choosing the mechanism and method for allocating public resources to higher education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, Vol 68, pp49-68. 2012.
[11]Estermann, TH. & Bennetot Pruvot, E. Financially Sustainable Universities. The European University Association. Available at www.eua.be. 2011.
[12]Freeling, A. Reports and Financial statements for the year 2016. Available at: https://www.cam.ac.uk/annual-report.2016.
[13]Gharun, M. Study the ways of financing universities. Tehran: Institute for Research and Planning for Higher Education.2000.
[14]Global Center on Private Financing of Higher Education . “Recent Innovations in the Private Financing of Higher Education“. Available at: www.ihep.org.2009.
[15]Goksu, A. Goksu, G." A Comparative Analysis of Higher Education Financing in Different Countries", Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol 26, pp 1152-1158.2013.
[16]Habermann, M. Islamic Finance and the Student Loan Market for Muslim-Americans. Undergraduate Journal of Humanistic Studies. Vol 1, pp 1-13. 2014.
[17] Hashemnya, Sh., Emadzadeh, M., Samadi, S., & Sakati, P. Investigating the Factors Affecting the Proprietary Incomes of Academic Researches in Industrial Universities. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, Vol 15, No2 ,pp 1-21. 2009.
[18]Hennessy, J. Stanford University Budget Plan 2015-2016. Available at: bondholder-information.stanford.edu/pdf/BudgetBookFY16_exe_summary.pdf.2016.
[19]Higher Education Funding Council For England. Guide to funding 2016-2017. Available at: www.hefce.ac.uk.2016.
[20] Ismail, Sh., Bakri, M., Rosalan, A. and Noor, A. " Developing a Framework of Islamic Student Loan-backed Securitization" Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol 129, pp 380-387.2014.
[21] Ismail, Sh. & Bakri, M. Proposed Islamic Educational Loan-Backed Securities for Quality Life of University Graduates in Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , Vol 201,pp 85-92.2015.
[22]Ismail, sh., Serguieva, A. and Gregoriou, A ." Implementation Of Student Loan Asset-Backed Securitization In Malaysian Higher Education. Global Conference on Business and Finance Proceedings, Vol 3,No 2, pp 44-52.2011.
[23]Ismaili Kia, gh. Funding and guidance at universities: trends and approaches to the financial sustainability of universities. Third International Conference on Applied Research in Management and Accounting.Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University.2015.
[24]Jongbloed, B. Funding higher education: a view from Europe. seminar: Funding Higher Education: A Comparative Overview organised by the National Trade Confederation of Goods, Services and Tourism (CNC). Brasilia, Brazil.2008.
[25]Johnstone , B. and Marcucci, P. Financing higher education: who ways? Who should pay? Johns Hopkins University Press.2010.
[26]Khaleghi Soroush, F. Comparative study of financial resources of universities in Iran and developing countries. Research project of the Center for International Studies and Collaboration. .2012.
[27]Khaleghi Soroush,F., Abolghasemi,M., Gareinejad, GH. And Dalou, M. Designing the Pattern of Higher Education Resources Allocation in Iran .Quarterly Journal of Financial Economics .Vol 11, No 39.pp 147-170. 2016.
[28] Khan Azizi, M. & Amin Bidokhty, A. The mechanism of financing the education sector (education and higher education). Higher Education Letter, Vol 9 , No 34,pp 121-148. 2016.
[29]Khodadad Kashi, F., & Heidari, Kh. Study of the place of education in the consumer basket of Iranian households. Economic Growth and Development Research, Vol 1, No 2, pp113-133. 2011.
[30]Louat, N. " Innovative Financing Solutions in Education. Presented at the 2008 International Investment Forum for Private Higher Education". Available at: www.ifc.org/ifcext/che.nsf/AttachmentsByTitle/Ed_06_Louat/$FILE/Louat_IFC+Structured+Finance.pdf.2008.
[31]Mohammad Zadeh Asl, N. Identifying the methods of diversification of financial resources of Islamic Azad University. Journal of Financial Studies, Vol 2,No 1,pp 35-63.2009.
[32]National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. Academic institutions' funds exclude research funds spent from multipurpose accounts. Higher Education Research and Development Survey.2016.
[33] Pranevičienė, B., & Pūraitė, A. The Financing Methods Of Higher Education System. Jurisprudence, Vol 4, No 8, pp 335-356. 2013.
[34] Rabiei, M. Analysis of the Methods and Requirements for Supplying and Diversifying the Funds of Universities and Higher Education Institutions. Ph.D. thesis in the field of higher education development planning, Mazandaran University. 2016.
[35] Rabiei, A. & Nazariyan, Z. Effective Factors in Higher Education Policies with Principle 44. Rahbord Journal, Vol 20, No 61,pp 247-276. 2011.
[36] Rahmani Miyandehi, Gh., & Nasrabadi Lavasani, Z.University autonomy in the future. Quarterly Journal of research and planning in higher education, Vol 2,No 20, pp65-102. 2000.
[37] Raste Moghadam, A., & Naderi, A. Patterns of funding and extraction of teachings for the Iranian higher education system. Quarterly of Iranian Higher Education, Vol 7, No 2, pp114-151. 2015.
[38]Sarmedipour, M. Comparative Study of Financing Techniques in the Universities of the World and Iran. Master thesis on Educational Management, Sistan and Baluchestan University.2016.
[39]Salmi, J. & Hauptman, A. Innovations in tertiary education financing : a comparative evaluation of allocation mechanisms. Education working paper series ; no. 4. Washington, DC: World Bank.2008.
[40] Shiri, M. & Nurollahi, T. Changes in population structure and social demand of higher education in Iran. Iranian Journal of Official Statistics Studies. Vol 23, No1, pp 83-102. 2012.
[41] Tilak, J. B. G. Financing of Higher Education: Traditional versus Modern Approaches, Yüksekö¤retim Dergisi, Vol 2, No 1, pp 28-37.2011.
[42]Vigneron, F. and Nelson, M. U.S. Student Loan ABS: The core Curriculum. Dominion Bond Rating Service.2010.
[43]Villiers, P. , Nieuwoudt, L. Shifting trends in higher education funding. Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP12/2010. 2010.
[44]Winter, S. and Pfitzner, A. Externalities and Optimal Subsidization of Higher Education, Working paper, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2281207. 2013.
[45] Yahya, F. Assessment of the state of the state financial facilities in the higher education sector. Research project of the Institute for Research and Planning of Higher Education. 2008.
[46] Ziderman, A., & Albrecht, D. Financing universites in developing countries. Washington: The standford series on education and public policy.2004.
