شناسایی و ارزیابی عوامل موثر بر موفقیت پیاده‌سازی سیستم ERP در شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط با تأکید بر چرخه حیات این سیستم
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت تولید
مرضیه باباییان پور
1
,
مصطفی نیک پور
2
,
سید محمد حسن حسینی
3
1 - دانشگاه پیام نور
2 - دانشگاه پیام نور تهران
3 - دانشکده مهندسی صنایع و مدیریت
کلید واژه: پیاده‌سازی ERP چرخه حیات شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط عوامل موفقیت,
چکیده مقاله :
اجرای موفق سیستم ERP در یک سازمان، تمام فرایندهای آن سازمان را تحت تأثیر قرار داده و منجر به افزایش راندمان و بهره‌وری کلی در سازمان می شود. اما سازمان‌ها در طول فرایند طراحی و پیاده‌سازی ERP با مشکلات و موانعی مواجه هستند که آنها را از رسیدن به اهداف مطلوب این سیستم باز می دارد. در تحقیق حاضر به شناسایی و رتبه بندی موانع پیاده‌سازی موفق ERP با درنظر گرفتن چرخه حیات این سیستم پرداخته می شود. از آنجا که بنگاه‌های كوچك و متوسط یكی از اولویت‌های اساسی در برنامه‌های توسعه اقتصادی کشور می باشد لذا در این تحقیق بر صنایع کوچک و متوسط متمرکز شده و به منظور جمع آوری داده های مورد نیاز، شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط مستقر در شهرک صنعتی سفیدرود رشت به عنوان جامعه آماری درنظر گرفته شده است. اندازه نمونه مورد نیاز طبق فرمول کوکران تعداد 166 نفر پاسخ‌دهنده بوده و برای تحلیل و بررسی نتایج از مدل معادلات ساختاری (SEM) استفاده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده گویای تأیید عوامل استراتژی شرکت، مدیریت دانش و دقت اطلاعات، ساختار سازمانی، تجربه، دانش و تخصص اعضای تیم پروژه، و پشتیبانی و مشارکت مدیران عالی‌رتبه در مرحله قبل از پیاده‌سازی، و تأیید تمامی عوامل مؤثر در حین پیاده‌سازیERP می باشد. همچنین عوامل مدیریت تغییر، سیستم پذیرش/ مقاومت ERP، همکاری و ارتباط بین بخش‌ها، مشارکت ذینفعان (کاربران نهایی، سهامداران و...)، و استفاده از یک کمیته راهبری نیز مورد تأیید نمونه‌ی آماری در مرحله بعد از پیاده‌سازی ERP قرار گرفت.
ERP system implementation can affect all the functions of the areas in organization and lead to increased efficiency and total productivity in the organization. But usually the organizations face with important problems and barriers such as restrictions on capital, resources, poor management and so on during the process of ERP implementation. One of the priorities of economic development in many of the developed countries is small and medium firms. What is important in these companies is ERP system implementation, so in this research we provide a model for successful ERP implementation by using its critical success factors in ERP life cycle. Therefore, study population in this research is small and medium companies based in the industrial city of Rasht Sefidrud taken into account that the number of respondents included 166 patients and for analysing the results by using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results obtained confirm the factors to company's strategy (transparent goals), accuracy of information and knowledge management, organizational structure (organizational readiness), experience, knowledge and expertise of the members of the project team and the support and participation of senior managers in step pre implementation, and approve all contributing factors is in during ERP implementation. As well as factors of change management, system acceptance / resistance ERP, collaboration and communication between departments, participation of stakeholders (end users, shareholders, etc.) and the Steering Committee also approved sample was in ERP post implementation step.
[1] Abasghorbani, S., Moghtadaeipour, A, "Opposition enterprise resource planning (ERP) and process reengineering (BPR)", The first national conference management and accounting, Natanz, Islamic Azad University Natanz, 2013.
[2] Abu-Shanab, E., Abu-Shanab, R., & Khairallah, M. (2015). Critical success factors for ERP implementation: The case of Jordan. The International Arab Journal of e-Technology, 4(1), 1-7.
[3] Ahmadi, Sadra, et al. "An FCM-fuzzy AHP approach to estimating organisational readiness for implementing an ERP system." (2014)..
[4] Alaskari, Osama, M. Munir Ahmad, and Ruben Pinedo-Cuenca. "Analysis of the CSFs of Lean Tools and ERP Systems in Improving Manufacturing Performance in SMEs." Advances in Sustainable and Competitive Manufacturing Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2013. 1401-1412.
[5] Bharathi, Vijayakumar, Ramakrishnan Raman, and Dhanya Pramod. "A FPN Based Risk Assessment Model for ERP Implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises." Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 19.6 (2014): 747-759.
[6] Chen, Guang-hui, Chun-qing Li, and Yun-xiu Sai. "Critical success factors for ERP life cycle implementation." Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems. Springer US, 2006. 553-562.
[7] Christofi, Maria, et al. "Towards ERP success in SMEs through business process review prior to implementation." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 15.4 (2013): 304-323.
[8] Chou, Huey-Wen, et al. "Knowledge sharing and ERP system usage in post-implementation stage." Computers in Human Behavior 33 (2014): 16-22.
[9] Esteves, Jose, and J. Pastor. "Towards the unification of critical success factors for ERP implementations." 10th Annual BIT Conference, Manchester, UK. Vol. 44. 2000.
[10] Finney, Sherry, and Martin Corbett. "ERP implementation: a compilation and analysis of critical success factors." Business Process Management Journal 13.3 (2007): 329-347.
[11] Gouran, P., Karimpour, J,. Kafil, P, "Establish a phased manner to reduce costs and risk in human resource planning ERP systems ", First National Conference on Computer and IT students, Tabriz University, Tabriz, 2011.
[12] Grant, David, et al. "The false promise of technological determinism: the case of enterprise resource planning systems." New Technology, Work and Employment 21.1 (2006): 2-15.
[13] Gupta, H., et al. "A study of key critical success factors (CSFs) for Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems." International Journal of Computer and Information Technology 3 (2014): 813-818.
[14] Hasibuan, Zainal Arifin, and Gede Rasben Dantes. "Priority of key success factors (KSFs) on enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementation life cycle." Journal of Enterprise Resource Planning Studies2012 (2012): 1.
[15] Hustad, Eli, and Dag H. Olsen. "Critical issues across the ERP life cycle in small-and-medium-sized enterprises: Experiences from a multiple case study." Procedia Technology 9 (2013): 179-188.
[16] Hustad, Eli, and Aurilla A. Bechina. "A study of the ERP Project Life Cycles in Small-and-Medium–Sized Enterprises: Critical Issues and Lessons Learned." World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 60 (2011): 77-83..
[17] Hawari, Ala'A., and Richard Heeks. "Explaining ERP failure in a developing country: a Jordanian case study." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 23.2 (2010): 135-160.
[18] Ifinedo, Princely, et al. "Relationships among ERP post-implementation success constructs: An analysis at the organizational level." Computers in Human Behavior 26.5 (2010): 1136-1148.
[19] Kumar, Anubhav, and P. C. Gupta. "Evaluation of Enterprise Resource Planning life cycle on the scale of ERP implementation failure." (2012).
[20] Krumbholz, Marina, and Neil Maiden. "The implementation of enterprise resource planning packages in different organisational and national cultures." Information systems 26.3 (2001): 185-204.
[21] Leyh, Christian. "Critical success factors for ERP projects in small and medium-sized enterprises-The perspective of selected German SMEs."Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS), 2014 Federated Conference on. IEEE, 2014.
[22] Loh, Tee Chiat, and S. C. L. Koh*. "Critical elements for a successful enterprise resource planning implementation in small-and medium-sized enterprises." International journal of production research 42.17 (2004): 3433-3455.
[23] Madapusi, Arun, and Derrick D'Souza. "The influence of ERP system implementation on the operational performance of an organization."International Journal of Information Management 32.1 (2012): 24-34.
[24] Molahossini, A., Sivaki, A, "Conceptual Model for ERP adoption in small and medium businesses (SMEs) ", Journal of Management and progress, Shahed University, 2011: 495-510
[25] Molaei, M., Gharebaghi, M., Sabaghkermani, M., "Evaluate and compare the efficiency of different groups large and small industrial Iran", 2002: 147-169
[26] Noudoostbeni, Ali, et al. "An effective end-user knowledge concern training method in enterprise resource planning (ERP) based on critical factors (CFs) in Malaysian SMEs." International Journal of Business and Management 5.7 (2010): 63.
[27] Rajagopal, Palaniswamy. "An innovation—diffusion view of implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and development of a research model." Information & Management 40.2 (2002): 87-114.
[28] Ram, Jiwat, and David Corkindale. "How “critical” are the critical success factors (CSFs)? Examining the role of CSFs for ERP." Business Process Management Journal 20.1 (2014): 151-174.
[29] Reayat Sanati, F., Shirviehzad, H., "The impact of organizational culture on the implementation of ERP", Fifth International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Management, Tehran, 2008.
[30] Rosario, J. G. "On the leading edge: critical success factors in ERP implementation projects." Business World 17.May (2000): 15-29.
[31] Sadat Safavi, Nazli, et al. "An Effective Model for Evaluating Organizational Risk and Cost in ERP Implementation by SME." IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) 10.6 (2013): 70-75.
[32] Shafaei, Rasoul, and Nooraddin Dabiri. "An EFQM based model to assess an enterprise readiness for ERP implementation." Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering 2.1 (2008): 51-74.
[33] Safaei Ghadikaei, A., Taghavi, F, "Explanation and comparative evaluation of models and frameworks for successful implementation of ERP using the key success factors", National Conference on Computer Engineering and Information Technology Management, Tehran, 2014.
[34] Soja, Piotr. "Success factors across ERP implementation phases: learning from practice." Advances in Information Systems Development. Springer US, 2007. 275-286.
[35] Somers, Toni M., and Klara Nelson. "The impact of critical success factors across the stages of enterprise resource planning implementations." System Sciences, 2001. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on. IEEE, 2001.
[36] Zhang, Zhe, et al. "A framework of ERP systems implementation success in China: An empirical study." International Journal of Production Economics 98.1 (2005): 56-80.
