kakavand, elham, barati, naser, Barati, Naser (2022). Introduction to the concept of “up” and “down” in the event of archetype Islamic-Iranian architecture with an emphasis on distinguishing between the semantic fields of people attitudes (Cases study: Toopkhane square, Laleh Park, shahzade garden, naqhsh-e- jahan square). *Iranian Islamic city studies*, 12(45), 5-16.