تصفیه پسابهای صنایع پتروشیمی با استفاده از سیستم تخلیه مایع صفر (ZLD): مزایا، چالشها و راهکارها
الموضوعات : Water and wastewater technology
1 - مسئول واحد پژوهش و فناوری، مدیریت مهندسی، شرکت مدیریت توسعه صنایع پتروشیمی
الکلمات المفتاحية: صنعت پتروشیمی, تصفیه پساب, فناوری, سیستمZLD ,
ملخص المقالة :
با توجه به بحران جهانی آب، تصفیه و باز استفاده از پسابهای صنعتی بهویژه در صنایع آببر مانند پتروشیمی، راهبردی کلیدی در مدیریت پایدار منابع آب بهشمار میرود. در سالهای اخیر، افزایش آگاهی نسبت به بحران کمآبی و آلودگی منابع آبی، همراه با الزامات قانونی محیطزیستی و هزینههای بالای دفع پساب، توجه گستردهای را به فناوری تخلیه مایع صفر (Zero Liquid Discharge - ZLD) جلب کرده است. در این مقاله، ضمن معرفی سیستم ZLD و قابلیتهای استفاده آن در طی فرآیندها و عملیاتهای مختلف صنایع پتروشیمی، مزایا، چالشها و راهکارهای برای مدیریت چالشهای موجود و نیز چشمانداز توسعه فرایندی و فناورانه و تقاضای بازار برای سیستمهای ZLD و رشد مورد انتظار آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
المصادر:
حسینی ثابت، سید مسعود (1396). معرفی فناوریهای نوین در بازچرخانی آب در کشاورزی، صنایع و سایر مصارف آب. وزارت جهادکشاورزی، مؤسسه پژوهشهای برنامهریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی.
حویزی، جمالالدین؛ پور سعادت، مجید (1387). افزایش راندمان و سیکل تغلیظ برجهای خنک کننده و کاهش ریسک رسوبگذاری در مبدلهای حرارتی. مجموعه -مقالات اولین کنفرانس پتروشیمی ایران، تهران. https://civilica.com/doc/42591
شکرالله زاده سهیلا؛ فولادوند، محمدتقی (1402). سامانه تخلیه مایع صفر (ZLD): مروری بر رویکردهای نوین در بازیابی آب از منابع آبی نامتعارف. دو ماهنامه مهندسی شیمی ایران، شماره 130، دوره 22، صفحات 26-7.
عزیزی، مجتبی؛ اصغرزاده، مهدی؛ عبدالملکی، عباس؛ رشیدی، فریبرز (1403). شبیهسازی، بهینهسازی بررسی فنی و اقتصادی تصفیه پساب فلزات سنگین سمی بهروش تخلیه صفر مایع (ZLD) . فصلنامه رهیافتی در مدیریت نفت و گاز، 5(3)1-20.
فاطمینیا، رضا (1403). هوشمصنوعی، ابزاری قدرتمند در توسعه و ارتقا رقابت پذیری صنایع پتروشیمی. مجموعه- مقالات هشتمین کنفرانس بین المللی توسعه فناوری در مهندسی شیمی، تهران. https://civilica.com/doc/2242800
نوشادی، مسعود و افسری، محمد (1399). تعیین فرآیند بهینه ZLD برای استفاده دوباره از پساب سیستمهای اسمز معکوس (مطالعه موردی: سیستم اسمز معکوس شهرستان لار). مجله پژوهش آب ایران، 14(2)، صفحات 143-131.
Agrawal, R., Agrawal, S., Samadhiya, A., Kumar, A., Luthra, S., & Jain, V. (2024). Adoption of green finance and green innovation for achieving circularity: An exploratory review and future directions. Geoscience frontiers, 15(4), 101669.
Aksenov, V., Tsarev, N., Nichkova, I., & Tatyannikova, E. (2020). Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) industrial wastewater treatment systems as sustainable development basic ecological components. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 972, No. 1, p. 012037). IOP Publishing.
Alspach, B., & Juby, G. (2018). Cost-effective ZLD technology for desalination concentrate management. Journal AWWA, 110(1), 37-47.
Barrington, D. J., & Ho, G. (2014). Towards zero liquid discharge: the use of water auditing to identify water conservation measures. Journal of Cleaner Production, 66, 571-576.
Biznustek Global, USA, Future Trends in Zero Liquid Discharge Technologies https://www.linkedin.com/company/biznustekglobal (accessed on 10 February, 2025).
Bjorklund, D. (2017). ZLD Success Factors. https://www.power-eng.com. operations-maintenance/ ZLD Success Factors.
Chaturvedi, R. (2025). Introduction to Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD): A Growing Global Concern. In Zero Liquid Discharge Wastewater Treatment System: From Introduction to Application (pp. 1-9). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Chen, Q., Burhan, M., Shahzad, M. W., Ybyraiymkul, D., Akhtar, F. H., Li, Y., & Ng, K. C. (2021). A zero liquid discharge system integrating multi-effect distillation and evaporative crystallization for desalination brine treatment. Desalination, 502, 114928.
D. D.. Sahithya and M. V. V. C.. Lakshmi. (2023). Comparitive Study of Two ZLD Treatment Plants. ijmst, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 2743-2751.
Díaz, O., Segredo-Morales, E., Figueira, A., & González, E. (2022). Research trends on desalination: zero-liquid discharge of brine (ZLD). Desalination and Water Treatment, 273, 1-12.
Garvit K. Jain (2025). what is zero liquid discharge and why is it important. https://scalebanindia.co.in/2025/04/what-is-zero-liquid-discharge-why-is-it-important.
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Glan Devadhas, G., Muthulakshmi, S., Jameer Basha, S.K., Selvi, V., Sadhik Basha, J. (2025). Future Directions for IoT and AI-Based Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Systems in Industrial Applications. In: Parray, J.A., Li, WJ., Haghi, A.K. (eds) Zero Liquid Discharge Wastewater Treatment System. Springer Water. Springer, Cham.
Hosseinipour, E., & Davies, P. A. (2024). Effect of membrane properties on the performance of batch reverse osmosis (RO): the potential to minimize energy consumption. Desalination, 577, 117378.
Hövel, T. (2021). Discussion of Zero Liquid Discharge as a solution for desalination brine management-A case study at Desolenator’s project in Dubai.
Hpe Marketting Team (2023). Zero liquid discharge (zld). https://hoaphat-eco.com/en/zero-liquid-discharge-zld.
Jafarinejad, S., & Jiang, S. C. (2019). Current technologies and future directions for treating petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants (PRPP) wastewaters. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 7(5), 103326.
Koech, L., Rutto, H., Lerotholi, L., Everson, R. C., Neomagus, H., Branken, D., & Moganelwa, A. (2021). Spray drying absorption for desulphurization: a review of recent developments. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 23(6), 1665-1686.
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Liang, Y., Lin, X., Kong, X., Duan, Q., Wang, P., Mei, X., & Ma, J. (2021). Making waves: zero liquid discharge for sustainable industrial effluent management. Water, 13(20), 2852.
Liao, B., Zeng, X., Ling, Z., Zhao, S., Li, B., & Han, X. (2025). Recent Advances in Zero Discharge Treatment Technologies for Desulfurization Wastewater in Coal-Fired Power Plants: A Mini-Review. Processes, 13(4), 982.
Menon, A. K., Haechler, I., Kaur, S., Lubner, S., & Prasher, R. S. (2020). Enhanced solar evaporation using a photo-thermal umbrella for wastewater management. Nature Sustainability, 3(2), 144-151.
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حویزی، جمالالدین؛ پور سعادت، مجید (1387). افزایش راندمان و سیکل تغلیظ برجهای خنک کننده و کاهش ریسک رسوبگذاری در مبدلهای حرارتی. مجموعه -مقالات اولین کنفرانس پتروشیمی ایران، تهران. https://civilica.com/doc/42591
شکرالله زاده سهیلا؛ فولادوند، محمدتقی (1402). سامانه تخلیه مایع صفر (ZLD): مروری بر رویکردهای نوین در بازیابی آب از منابع آبی نامتعارف. دو ماهنامه مهندسی شیمی ایران، شماره 130، دوره 22، صفحات 26-7.
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نوشادی، مسعود و افسری، محمد (1399). تعیین فرآیند بهینه ZLD برای استفاده دوباره از پساب سیستمهای اسمز معکوس (مطالعه موردی: سیستم اسمز معکوس شهرستان لار). مجله پژوهش آب ایران، 14(2)، صفحات 143-131.
Agrawal, R., Agrawal, S., Samadhiya, A., Kumar, A., Luthra, S., & Jain, V. (2024). Adoption of green finance and green innovation for achieving circularity: An exploratory review and future directions. Geoscience frontiers, 15(4), 101669.
Aksenov, V., Tsarev, N., Nichkova, I., & Tatyannikova, E. (2020). Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) industrial wastewater treatment systems as sustainable development basic ecological components. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 972, No. 1, p. 012037). IOP Publishing.
Alspach, B., & Juby, G. (2018). Cost-effective ZLD technology for desalination concentrate management. Journal AWWA, 110(1), 37-47.
Barrington, D. J., & Ho, G. (2014). Towards zero liquid discharge: the use of water auditing to identify water conservation measures. Journal of Cleaner Production, 66, 571-576.
Biznustek Global, USA, Future Trends in Zero Liquid Discharge Technologies https://www.linkedin.com/company/biznustekglobal (accessed on 10 February, 2025).
Bjorklund, D. (2017). ZLD Success Factors. https://www.power-eng.com. operations-maintenance/ ZLD Success Factors.
Chaturvedi, R. (2025). Introduction to Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD): A Growing Global Concern. In Zero Liquid Discharge Wastewater Treatment System: From Introduction to Application (pp. 1-9). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Chen, Q., Burhan, M., Shahzad, M. W., Ybyraiymkul, D., Akhtar, F. H., Li, Y., & Ng, K. C. (2021). A zero liquid discharge system integrating multi-effect distillation and evaporative crystallization for desalination brine treatment. Desalination, 502, 114928.
D. D.. Sahithya and M. V. V. C.. Lakshmi. (2023). Comparitive Study of Two ZLD Treatment Plants. ijmst, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 2743-2751.
Díaz, O., Segredo-Morales, E., Figueira, A., & González, E. (2022). Research trends on desalination: zero-liquid discharge of brine (ZLD). Desalination and Water Treatment, 273, 1-12.
Garvit K. Jain (2025). what is zero liquid discharge and why is it important. https://scalebanindia.co.in/2025/04/what-is-zero-liquid-discharge-why-is-it-important.
Giwa, A [A.], Dufour, V., Al Marzooqi, F., Al Kaabi, M., & Hasan, S. W. (2017). Brine management methods: Recent innovations and current status. Desalination, 407, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.12.008
Glan Devadhas, G., Muthulakshmi, S., Jameer Basha, S.K., Selvi, V., Sadhik Basha, J. (2025). Future Directions for IoT and AI-Based Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Systems in Industrial Applications. In: Parray, J.A., Li, WJ., Haghi, A.K. (eds) Zero Liquid Discharge Wastewater Treatment System. Springer Water. Springer, Cham.
Hosseinipour, E., & Davies, P. A. (2024). Effect of membrane properties on the performance of batch reverse osmosis (RO): the potential to minimize energy consumption. Desalination, 577, 117378.
Hövel, T. (2021). Discussion of Zero Liquid Discharge as a solution for desalination brine management-A case study at Desolenator’s project in Dubai.
Hpe Marketting Team (2023). Zero liquid discharge (zld). https://hoaphat-eco.com/en/zero-liquid-discharge-zld.
Jafarinejad, S., & Jiang, S. C. (2019). Current technologies and future directions for treating petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants (PRPP) wastewaters. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 7(5), 103326.
Koech, L., Rutto, H., Lerotholi, L., Everson, R. C., Neomagus, H., Branken, D., & Moganelwa, A. (2021). Spray drying absorption for desulphurization: a review of recent developments. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 23(6), 1665-1686.
Kress, N. (2019). Desalination Technologies. In N. Kress (Ed.), Marine Impacts of Seawater Desalination (pp. 11–34). Elsevier.
Liang, Y., Lin, X., Kong, X., Duan, Q., Wang, P., Mei, X., & Ma, J. (2021). Making waves: zero liquid discharge for sustainable industrial effluent management. Water, 13(20), 2852.
Liao, B., Zeng, X., Ling, Z., Zhao, S., Li, B., & Han, X. (2025). Recent Advances in Zero Discharge Treatment Technologies for Desulfurization Wastewater in Coal-Fired Power Plants: A Mini-Review. Processes, 13(4), 982.
Menon, A. K., Haechler, I., Kaur, S., Lubner, S., & Prasher, R. S. (2020). Enhanced solar evaporation using a photo-thermal umbrella for wastewater management. Nature Sustainability, 3(2), 144-151.
Modi, D. & Modi, Shivam.(2020). https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zero-liquid-discharge-green-technology-ict-green-technology.
Modi, R., Kavaiya, A. R., Vanzara, P. B., & Raval, H. D. (2022). Membranes in zero-liquid-discharge systems for efficient processes toward sustainable environment: A review. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 148(11), 03122004.
Mohammadi, S., Ahmadi, M. H., & Ehsani, R. (2024). Investigating the effect of effective parameters on the optimization of zero liquid discharge system. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, 19, 1380-1390.
Mov Chimeng ,2014,Development of a Zero Liquid Discharge Approach for Cooling Tower Blowdown in Petrochemical Industry, A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology School of Environment, Resources and Development Thailand.
Muhammad, Y., & Lee, W. (2019). Zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) technology for resource recovery from wastewater: A review. The Science of the Total Environment, 681, 551–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.062
Namdeti, R. (2023). Revolutionizing water sustainability: a comprehensive exploration of zero liquid discharge strategies. Power Syst. Technol. 47 (2)(2023).
Nibe, R. L., Hinge, R. V., Divate, S. B. (2022). Wastewater Treatment By Zero Liquid Discharge Process (ZLD) Journal: JETIR, Volume 9, Issue 4.
Oren, Y., Korngold, E., Daltrophe, N., Messalem, R., Volkman, Y., Aronov, L. & Gilron, J. (2010). Pilot studies on high recovery BWRO-EDR for near zero liquid discharge approach. Desalination, 261(3), 321-330.
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