The selected rehabilitation exercise program effect on the social development of autistic children - a single-subject study
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی ورزشی
Seyedeh Maedeh Basamtabar
1
,
Keyvan Molanorouzi
2
*
,
Elahe Arabameri
3
,
Ali Kashi
4
1 - Ph.D. candidate in Motor Behavior, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of motor behavior and sport psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Associate professor, Faculty of Sports and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 - Associate professor, Physical Education and Sports Science, Tehran, Iran.
کلید واژه: autism, targeted exercise program, social growth,
چکیده مقاله :
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by being one of the most prevalent developmental disorders, marked by difficulties in motor skills, social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and movements. With the rising prevalence of autism, the challenges and impact of this condition on children, their families, and the broader community underscore the necessity for an extensive rehabilitation training program designed to enhance the social development skills of autistic children from early childhood through elementary school years. Hence, the objective of this study is to explore the impact of a targeted rehabilitation training program on the social development of autistic children.
Materials and Methods: For this research and case study, we chose two autistic children, from a rehabilitation center in Tehran. This selection was made through the A-B-A method, considering their HFA and IQ scores (60-90). The participants were a 12-year-old boy with an IQ score of 67 and an 11-year-old girl with an IQ score of 60. Following their parents' approval, they agreed to take part in the study.
Results: The results of the T-test showed the significant effect of eight weeks of functional and Extra functional exercises on dorsi Flexion, Plantar Flexion and ground reaction force. (P≤ 0/001).
Result: The research indicated that the targeted rehabilitation activities were successful in enhancing the social abilities of children with autism. In male and female subjects, the mean scores of the Vineland test increased in the post-intervention phase. They demonstrated improvement across all subtests related to general self-help, self-help in eating, self-help in dressing, self-leadership or self-direction, movement and mobility, as well as communication and sociability.
Conclusion: The results indicate that a 12-week program of targeted rehabilitation activities, incorporating play and rhythmic exercises, enhances a child's ability to engage with peers, improve coordination, increase involvement, and boost self-assurance and social abilities in children with autism.
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by being one of the most prevalent developmental disorders, marked by difficulties in motor skills, social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and movements. With the rising prevalence of autism, the challenges and impact of this condition on children, their families, and the broader community underscore the necessity for an extensive rehabilitation training program designed to enhance the social development skills of autistic children from early childhood through elementary school years. Hence, the objective of this study is to explore the impact of a targeted rehabilitation training program on the social development of autistic children.
Materials and Methods: For this research and case study, we chose two autistic children, from a rehabilitation center in Tehran. This selection was made through the A-B-A method, considering their HFA and IQ scores (60-90). The participants were a 12-year-old boy with an IQ score of 67 and an 11-year-old girl with an IQ score of 60. Following their parents' approval, they agreed to take part in the study.
Results: The results of the T-test showed the significant effect of eight weeks of functional and Extra functional exercises on dorsi Flexion, Plantar Flexion and ground reaction force. (P≤ 0/001).
Result: The research indicated that the targeted rehabilitation activities were successful in enhancing the social abilities of children with autism. In male and female subjects, the mean scores of the Vineland test increased in the post-intervention phase. They demonstrated improvement across all subtests related to general self-help, self-help in eating, self-help in dressing, self-leadership or self-direction, movement and mobility, as well as communication and sociability.
Conclusion: The results indicate that a 12-week program of targeted rehabilitation activities, incorporating play and rhythmic exercises, enhances a child's ability to engage with peers, improve coordination, increase involvement, and boost self-assurance and social abilities in children with autism.
1. Aarabi, M. A., Abdi, K., Khanjani, M. Saeid Using of Rehabilitation Services, The Main Concern of Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Can Be Done?. Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research, 2020; 7(4): 189-190. doi: 10.30476/jrsr.2020.89004.1121.
2. Ahmadi A, Beh Pagouh A. The effectiveness of sensory-motor, sacial interactive skills and formal behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of behavioral science research, 2017. 14 (2).1.
3. Asgharzadeh N. The effect of eight weeks of ball games on the communication skills of children with autism. Master's thesis in physical education of Azad University of research Sciences; 2018.
4. Association Ap. Diagnostic statistical manual of disorders (DSM-50): American Psychiatric pub; 2014.
5. Boon-Yasidhi V, Jearnarongrit P, Tulayapichitchock P, Tarugsa J. Adverse effects of risperidone in children with autism spectrum disorders in a naturalistic clinical setting at siriraj hospital, Thailand. Psychiatry J. 2014;2014:136158. doi: 10.1155/2014/136158. Epub 2014 Feb 3. PMID: 24790986; PMCID: PMC3979146.
6. Grigory Payne, V. Larry D. Khalji, H. khagawi, D. translators. Human motor development, a Life Long approach. Arak university publications, 2006.
7. • Hambrick, Marion E., 2017. "Sport communication research: A social network analysis," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 170-183.
8. Hosseinzadeh K, Gamari S, Askari A, Abdizadad K. The effect of games in teaching social skills of autistic children. www.irijournals.com.2022,322-332.
9. Li, HJ., Chen, CY., Tsai, CH. et al. Utilization and medical costs of outpatient rehabilitation among children with autism spectrum conditions in Taiwan. BMC Health Serv Res 19, 354 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4193-z
10. Liao, Y., Dillenburger, K., He, W., Xu, Y., & Cai, H. (2020). A Systematic Review of Applied Behavior Analytic Interventions for Children with Autism in Mainland China. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 7(4), 333–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40489-020-00196-W
11. Miller, A.R., Vernon, T.W., Wu, V.L., & Russo, K. (2014). Social Skill Group Interventions for Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a Systematic Review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1, 254-265.
12. noferesti A, Hassanabadi H R. (2019). Data analysis in single case experimental design studies. Rooyesh. 7(12), 291-306.
URL: http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1567-en.html.
13. Pashazadeh Azari Z, Hosseini SA, Rassafiani M, Samadi SA, Hoseinzadeh S, Dunn W. Contextual Intervention Adapted for Autism Spectrum Disorder: An RCT of a Parenting Program with Parents of Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Iran J Child Neurol. 2019 Fall;13(4):19-35. PMID: 31645864; PMCID: PMC6789080.
14. Pourmohamadreza Tajrishi B, Rajabi-Shamami M, Haghgoo H. The Pivotal Response Training (PRT) in Children with Autism Disorder. J Except Educ 2013; 8 (121) :56-61/URL: http://exceptionaleducation.ir/article-1-230-en.html.
15. Ershad Sarabi R, Hashemi Razini H, Abdollahi M H. Comparing Parental Stress, Parenting Styles, and Social Problem Solving in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, and Typically Developing Children . J Child Ment Health 2018; 4 (4) :165-179
URL: http://childmentalhealth.ir/article-1-280-en.html.
16. Soleimany Adriany S, Sadeghi Hosnije AH, Zerehpoush A, Rabie M, Abedi A, Esmaeeli S. Effectiveness of rhythmic games on social skills of children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci 2016; 18 (2) :91-96-URL: http://goums.ac.ir/journal/article-1-2767-en.html.
17. Stevenson, B. S., & Correa, V. I. (2019). Applied behavior analysis, students with autism, and the requirement to provide a free appropriate public education. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 29, 206-215. (Original DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207318799644)
18. Syriopoulou-Delli CK, Gkiolnta E. Review of assistive technology in the training of children with autism spectrum disorders. Int J Dev Disabil. 2020 Jan 20;68(2):73-85. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2019.1706333. PMID: 35309695; PMCID: PMC8928843.
19.Tabatabai S, Shabazi M, Bagherzade F. The relationship between motor development and Social development in children 6 to 20 years in Mashhad. Sports of Motor Development and Learning Journal; 2017. 2 (8).
20. Taziki T, Hasanzadeh S, Afrour Gh, Chobari Bonab B. Ghasem zadeh S. The effectiveness of intervention using pets and pets on the cognitive, social, and behavior of children in autism spectrum.
21. Tonge BJ, Bull K, Brereton A, Wilson R. A review of evidence-based early intervention for behavioural problems in children with autism spectrum disorder: the core components of effective programs, child-focused interventions and comprehensive treatment models. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2014 Mar;27(2):158-65. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000043. PMID: 24452070.
22. Varogiz, T. Teaching and using signs of social communication for minors with autism spectrum disorders and similar problems. Translated Sajjadian M, Shahrivar. Z. Tehran. Arjmand. 2017.
23. Takhti M, Riyahi Malayeri S, Behdari R. Comparison of two methods of concurrent training and ginger intake on visfatin and metabolic syndrome in overweight women. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;27(9):98-111.
24. Vakilizade N, Malekpour M, Faramarzi A. Investigating the effect of joint attention training on the degree of social initiation responding of children with autism spectrum disorder : single-subject research. The journal of paramedical science and rehabilitation. 2016, 6(3): 68-79.
