رایانش با کارایی بالا: الزامات، نیازمندیهای نسلهای آتی و محورهای تحقیقاتی
الموضوعات :
احسان آریانیان
1
(عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشگاه ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات)
محمدمهدي اثني عشري
2
(دانشکده مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران)
فاطمه احسانی بشلی
3
(دانشکده مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران)
شقایق سادات حسینی بیان
4
(دانشکده مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران)
مسعود ده یادگاری
5
(عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشگاه ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات)
بهنام صمدی
6
(دانشکده مهندسی کامپیوتر، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: رایانش با کارایی بالا, محاسبات Exascale, آینده پژوهی, معماریهای سختافزاری, معماریهای نرمافزاری,
ملخص المقالة :
حرکت فعلی جهان در جهت هرچه توانمندتر کردن سامانههای رایانش با کارایی بالا، نشاندهنده نیاز روزافزون به این فناوری است. بدیهی است که هرچه این نیاز افزایش یابد، این سامانهها نیز لازم است که توانمندتر شوند تا بتوانند فعالیتهای بیشتر و سنگینتری را اجرا نمایند. در یک نگاه کلاننگر، نسلهای آتی رایانش با کارایی بالا در دو دسته کلی قرار میگیرند؛ نسلهای رایانشی مبتنی بر فناوریهای نوظهور نظیر نورومورفیک و کوآنتوم و نسلهای رایانشی مرسوم که به سمت Exascale در حال حرکت هستند. با توجه به اینکه در آینده نزدیک، احتمال عملیاتی شدن کامل و استفاده در مقیاس وسیع از فناوریهای نوظهور پایین است، در این مقاله، تمرکز بر نسلهای رایانشی مرسوم قرار گرفته و سعی شده است الزامات و نیازمندیهای آنها از جنبههای سختافزاری و نرمافزاری مورد بررسی قرار گیرند. همچنین، فناوریهای هوش مصنوعی و رایانش ابری به عنوان موتورهای محرکه رایانش با کارایی بالا در جهان مورد بررسی قرار گرفتهاند تا تاثیر متقابل آنها بر رایانش با کارایی بالا مشخص گردد. در نهایت، موضوعات و محورهای تحقیقاتی در سطح جهان که مورد توجه هستند بررسی و تدوین شده است.
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