کاربست فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در آموزش معلمان با رویکرد فرا ترکیب‌گرا
الموضوعات :داود معصومی 1 , روح اله مهدیون 2 , بتول معصومی 3
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الکلمات المفتاحية: فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات کاربست فاوا در مؤسسات آموزش عالی تربیت معلمان توسعه حرفهای معلمان ,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف این مقاله بررسی چگونگی کاربست فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (فاوا) در تربیت معلم و در یک رویکرد وسیعتر در توسعه مدارس است. برای آمادهسازی دانشجویان تربیت معلم و معلمان آینده جهت کار در جامعه به شدت در حال تغییر و سرشار از اطلاعات و فناوری، مؤسسات آموزش عالی در کشورهای مختلف استراتژیهای گوناگونی را برای کاربست فاوا در تربیت معلم اعمال میکنند. بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل جهتگیریها و استراتژیهای به کار رفته در کاربست فاوا در سیستمهای آموزشی کشورهای مختلف میتواند مسیر حرکت ما را در بستری که تنها عنصر ثابت آن تغییر است، تا حدود زیادی روشنتر نماید. در همین راستا مقاله حاضر مطالعهای کیفی از نوع فراترکیبی جهت تحلیل و ترکیب مطالعات و کاربست فاوا در آموزش، به خصوص در تربیت معلم، میباشد. نتایج به دست آمده در دو مقوله اصلی شامل کاربست فاوا در آموزش ضمن خدمت معلمان و کاربست فاوا در آموزش پیش از خدمت معلمان، آورده شده است. جهتگیریها و استراتژیهای به کار رفته در کاربست فاوا در آموزش پیش از خدمت معلمان بایستی مبتنی بر رویکرد گلچین شدهای باشد که برنامه استراتژیک، دسترسی مناسب به نرم‌افزار و سخت‌افزار و پشتیبانی در مؤسسات و رشته مورد نظر، ارائه فعالیتهای تدریس سازنده، ایجاد شبکه میان دانشجویان تربیت معلم و معلمان، افزایش مهارت فاوا مدرسان معلمی و ارشادگرها، و موارد مشابه را در خود داشته باشد. در همین راستا اثربخشترین نحوه کاربست فاوا در مؤسسات آموزشی، به‌کارگیری ترکیبی از استراتژیهاست. برای کاربست فاوا در تربیت معلمان و در یک رویکرد کلی‌تر توسعه مدارس، لازم است بر هر دو نوع آموزش پیش و ضمن خدمت معلمان تأکید گردد. در ابتدا رویکردهای کاربست فاوا در توسعه مدارس بحث میشود؛ سپس روشهای کاربرد فاوا در آموزش پیش از خدمت و ضمن خدمت معلمان مورد بحث قرار میگیرد و نهایتاً این دو حوزه کاری به یکدیگر ارتباط داده شده و به جستجوی شباهتها و تفاوتهای آنها پرداخته میشود
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Granberg, C. (2010). E-portfolios in Teacher Education 2002-2009: The social construction of discourse, design and dissemination. European Journal of Teacher Education, 33(3).
Gueudet, G., & Trouche, L. (2009). Teaching resources and teachers' professional development: Towards a documentational approach of didactics. Paper presented at the Proceedings of CERME, Lyon.
Hadjithoma, C., & Karagiorgi, Y. (2009). The use of ICT in primary schools within emerging communities of implementation. Computers & Education, 52(1), 83-91.
Hammond, M., Crosson, S., Fragkouli, E., Ingram, J., Johnston-Wilder, P., Johnston-Wilder, S., . . . Wray, D. (2009). Why do some student teachers make very good use of ICT? An exploratory case study. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 18(1), 59 - 73.
Hargrave, C., & Hsu, Y.-S. (2000). Survey of instructional technology courses for preservice teachers. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 8(4), 303-314.
Haydn, T. A., & Barton, R. (2007). Common needs and different agendas: How trainee teachers make progress in their ability to use ICT in subject teaching. Some lessons from the UK. Computers & Education, 49(4), 1018-1036. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2005.12.006
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Howland, J., & Wedman, J. (2004). A process model for faculty development: Individualizing technology learning. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 12(2), 239-262.
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